The Bullroarer Atlas

1,390 records

All Bullroarer Atlas records

Browse the records behind the interactive atlas. Each page keeps the record text, source line, image credit, and a link back to the same point on the map.

Download all 1,390 records (CSV), including candidate-only identifications. Using the data · How to read the Atlas as an LLM.

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Algeria 1

  1. Sayid, a Saharan child's toySaharan Algeria · Play / practical

Angola 6

  1. Chokwe (Tsokwe) ndumbamwela bullroarerN.O. Angola (Lunda/Moxico Chokwe heartland) · Play / practical
  2. Humbi Handa lumpoku circumcision-school bullroarerSouth-western Angola / Huila · Restricted
  3. Kongo (Bakongo)San Salvador / Mbanza Kongo · Play / practical
  4. The Powell-Cotton sisters' Angolan roarerAngola (Portuguese West Africa) · Function not recorded
  5. Ngangela kasolo and kahulihuliNgangela country, south-eastern Angola (then Portuguese Angola) · Function not recorded
  6. Embungumbungu, a children's playthingElende, central Angola · Play / practical

Argentina 9

  1. Four cord-whirlers at Alero de los Jinetesc. 1573–1625 AD · Sierras del Norte / Cerro Colorado, Cordoba Province · Play / practical
  2. Mapuche furfúrwe rain-whirler, Lagunita Salada, ChubutLagunita Salada, Gastre Department, Chubut (northern Patagonian steppe) · Weather / fertility magic
  3. Eastern Mataco bullroarer, Bermejo RiverGran Chaco / Bermejo River · Play / practical
  4. Mbyá-Guaraní waimí kerambú bamboo bullroarer, MisionesMisiones · Play / practical
  5. Northern Patagonia engraved-plaque churinga analoguec. 2200 BC–present · Northern Patagonia / Pampa / Bahia San Blas and related plaque-hacha find regions · Sacred / spirit
  6. Copacabana incised stone bullroarerc. 200 BC · Copacabana / Tinogasta Department / Catamarca · Function not recorded
  7. Pair of incised stone bullroarersc. 200 BC · Catamarca / Northwest Argentina · Function not recorded
  8. Vilela kiré ajlipié bullroarer, eastern ChacoEastern Chaco · Play / practical
  9. Llullaillaco Spondylus buzzing plaquesc. 1462–1507 AD · Inca Empire, Collasuyu / Puna de Atacama, Salta Province · Sacred / spirit

Argentina; Paraguay; Bolivia 1

  1. Mataco, Choroti and Ashluslay toy bullroarersGran Chaco · Play / practical

Aruba 1

  1. Aruba Island zeeuw toyCircum-Caribbean · Play / practical

Australia 200

  1. Hackett's four Musgrave–Mann bladesSouth Australia / Musgrave and Mann Ranges · Restricted
  2. Adelaide kadnomarngutta and wimmarriAdelaide region · Restricted
  3. Antakirinya pulpiŋba, iguana ancestorsNorth-west South Australia / Coober Pedy and Charlotte Waters region · Restricted
  4. Anula Gnabaia bullroarerWestern Gulf of Carpentaria · Restricted
  5. Aranda churinga: an ancestor's other bodyCentral Australia (Aranda / Arrernte country) · Restricted
  6. Witchetty-grub churinga with its hollow gripNewcastle Waters, Northern Territory (historic South Australia attribution) · Restricted
  7. Tempe Downs churinga ilkiniaTempe Downs / Northern Territory · Restricted
  8. Arunta churinga bullroarer complexMacDonnell Ranges / Alice Springs region · Restricted
  9. Bubu, the cry in the woodsLake Macquarie / Newcastle · Restricted
  10. Awarai Rum Jungle elder-restricted bullroarer makingRum Jungle to Brocks Creek, Northern Territory · Restricted
  11. Badimaya nganirri bullroarerMurchison / Lake Moore / Ninghan Station / Paynes Find · Function not recorded
  12. Bangerang (Pangerang)Murray-Goulburn River, northern Victoria and southern NSW (Cummeragunja) · Play / practical
  13. Bardi galaguru, flung into the CoalsackCape Leveque / Dampier Peninsula, Kimberley · Restricted
  14. Binbinga Katajalina bullroarerWestern Gulf of Carpentaria · Restricted
  15. Birdhawal Turndun initiation bullroarerNortheast Gippsland / Cann River / Victoria-New South Wales border · Restricted
  16. Pearl-shell churinga pierced to whirlWest Kimberley · Restricted
  17. Biripi (Birpai)Manning River / Hastings River (Taree, Port Macquarie) · Restricted
  18. The bull-roarer that came lastCape York Peninsula · Restricted
  19. Broome bullroarer with its cordBroome, West Kimberley district, Western Australia · Restricted
  20. Mimikur bullroarer songs, Mount Gambier regionSoutheast of South Australia (Mount Gambier, Lacepede Bay, lower Coorong); southern Ngarrindjeri-family country · Sacred / spirit
  21. Bungyarlee and Parkungi moola-uncka initiation bullroarerMomba Station / Wilcannia / northern River Darling · Restricted
  22. Bunuba novice's ancestral-voice roarerFitzroy River and the Napier, Oscar and Leopold ranges, south-west Kimberley, Western Australia · Restricted
  23. Bunurong Victoria child-play bullroarerVictoria · Play / practical
  24. Burdekin River hair-strung bullroarerNorth Queensland · Function not recorded
  25. Burgess Point / Port Hedland Complex bullroarer motifWithin the last c. 7,000 years · Western Australia / Pilbara / Port Hedland / Burgess Point · Function not recorded
  26. Butchulla (Badtjala)K'gari (Fraser Island) and adjacent Hervey Bay coast · Restricted
  27. Charlotte Waters emu churingaCharlotte Waters and Hermannsburg, Northern Territory (both places named in the museum's locality string) · Restricted
  28. Chepara bribbun death-taboo bullroarerQueensland / New South Wales border coast · Restricted
  29. Clarence Richmond dhooanbooka yoolundry dhalguñgunClarence and Richmond Rivers · Restricted
  30. Clews Ridge small burnt bullroarerAfter c. AD 1800 · New South Wales / Greater Blue Mountains / Wollemi National Park · Function not recorded
  31. Coast Murring Mudji bullroarerRestricted
  32. Cossack bullroarerPilbara / north-west coast, Western Australia · Sacred / spirit
  33. Cromer Valley bent-line motifc. 3000 BC–AD 1800 · Cromer Valley / Wheeler Creek, Northern Beaches, Sydney, New South Wales · Function not recorded
  34. Culgoa wuddoolnurran and ghidjoolkumbalCulgoa River · Restricted
  35. Dalabon Lumaluma bullroarerSouthern Arnhem Land, Northern Territory · Restricted
  36. Daly Waters concentric-circle bullroarerDaly Waters, Northern Territory · Restricted
  37. Calga Daramulan thundering-voice bullroarerCalga Aboriginal Cultural Landscape / Peats Ridge songline / Central Coast · Restricted
  38. Derby district bullroarer SLWA Bates 95-5West Kimberley · Restricted
  39. Dieri yuntha bullroarerRestricted
  40. Dja Dja Wurrung growing-song roarerLoddon and Avoca rivers, central Victoria (Jajaurung country) · Restricted
  41. Djauan Katherine Kunapippi or KunabibbiKatherine River / Djauan country · Restricted
  42. Drysdale River Kimberley Peabody bullroarerWestern Australia / Kimberley / Drysdale River · Restricted
  43. Ellis Trig oval engravingc. 3000 BC–AD 1800 · New South Wales / Ku-ring-gai / Cottage Point · Function not recorded
  44. Euahlayi Narran River Gayandi / Gurraymi Boorah bullroarerNarran River / north-western New South Wales · Restricted
  45. Fitzroy River painted wood bullroarerKimberley / Fitzroy River · Restricted
  46. Flat Rocks Ridge oval-and-line engravingc. 3000 BC–AD 1800 · New South Wales / Hawkesbury River / Dharug (Daruk) country near Gunderman · Function not recorded
  47. Fortescue River ancestor-design bullroarer pairFortescue River, Pilbara, Western Australia · Restricted
  48. Gascoyne Mooryumkarr spirit-chaserGascoyne · Sacred / spirit
  49. Geawe-galHunter River valley (Glendon, Singleton) · Restricted
  50. Gringai Torikotti bullroarerWilliams River valley, Dungog-Gresford district · Restricted
  51. Bon'da'ban, the ceremonial noisemakerSunshine Coast–Noosa / Mary River · Sacred / spirit
  52. Gudanji McArthur River snake-totem churinga bullroarerMcArthur River Station, Gulf country, Northern Territory · Sacred / spirit
  53. Gugu Yalanji-area jinna-juronggor wind charmButcher's Hill / Boggy Creek Reserve southwest of Cooktown · Sacred / spirit
  54. Gungganyji Cape Grafton roarerCape Grafton / Jilliburri, North Queensland · Play / practical
  55. Gupapuyngu Daygurrgurr buralaEastern Arnhem Land / Howard Island · Sacred / spirit
  56. Hidden Valley bullroarer paintingsUndated · Kimberley, Western Australia / Hidden Valley, Kununurra · Function not recorded
  57. Iliaura (Alyawarre)Upper Sandover River region, north-east of the MacDonnell Ranges, Northern Territory (Iliaura/Alyawarre country, immediately north of the Arunta) · Restricted
  58. ItchumundiLower Darling River (Wilcannia-Menindee-Bourke arc) · Restricted
  59. Iwaidja Port Essington KurrabudjiPort Essington / Cobourg Peninsula · Restricted
  60. Jirrbal and Girramay bibu bullroarerMurray Upper-Cardwell rainforest, northeastern Queensland · Restricted
  61. Jangman (Yungman) Purdagiair bullroarerElsey / Roper River headwaters (Jangman country) · Sacred / spirit
  62. KaiabaraWide Bay - Burnett, inland from Maryborough · Restricted
  63. Kaitish (Kaytetye)Sandover / Barrow Creek region · Restricted
  64. Kamilaroi Weir River murrawan and mooniburrigeanWeir River / Tallwood, Queensland · Restricted
  65. Karadjeri roarer shown after the cutLa Grange / Bidyadanga, West Kimberley · Restricted
  66. Kariyarra (Kariera) banangari bullroarersPilbara coast around Port Hedland · Sacred / spirit
  67. Katherine River bullroarer with a human-hair loopKatherine River district, Northern Territory · Restricted
  68. Hidden in the bush with the wanesKeriri (Hammond Island), Prince of Wales / Muralug group, western Torres Strait, Queensland · Restricted
  69. Kimberley mero-mero, taken as a weaponKimberley · Restricted
  70. Kings Tableland bullroarer stencilsWithin the last c. 4,000 years · New South Wales / Blue Mountains / Kings Tableland · Sacred / spirit
  71. The message he ignoredGerard / Jalukari reference · Sacred / spirit
  72. McIvor River Koko-yimidir dunggulCape York Peninsula · Restricted
  73. Kookynie district initiation bullroarerKookynie district / Goldfields-Esperance, Western Australia · Sacred / spirit
  74. Kulgera Rainbow Serpent churingaKulgera, Northern Territory, Australia · Restricted
  75. Kurnai Tundun bullroarerRestricted
  76. Yantamakaddya going, wambinggulli returningDarling River, Bourke–Tilpa reach · Restricted
  77. Papapa's stolen bullroarerSouth and west of Diyari country / northern Lake Torrens · Sacred / spirit
  78. Lake Naddern Peabody bullroarerNamendarra Lake, Shire of Laverton, Western Australia (Peabody: 'Lake Naddern') · Restricted
  79. Lardil blade that assembled the groupMornington Island, Gulf of Carpentaria · Play / practical
  80. Larrakia Bidu-bidu DarwinDarwin / Larrakia country · Restricted
  81. Arrernte tywerrenge of the Pultara classCharlotte Waters telegraph station, southern Northern Territory near the South Australian border; Lower / Southern Arrernte (Arandic) country · Restricted
  82. Jay Creek tjuringa of 1953Jay Creek (Iwupataka), MacDonnell Ranges, west of Alice Springs, Northern Territory · Restricted
  83. Mabuiag turtle-fishery bullroarerSacred / spirit
  84. A song to make the bullroarerAitjilara / Hatches Creek; recorded at MacDonald Downs · Function not recorded
  85. Spinning at MacDonald Downs, 1980MacDonald Downs · Function not recorded
  86. Macleay Bellinger gheewarra ngaranya yeemboomulMacleay and Bellinger Rivers · Restricted
  87. Mara (Marra)Coastal country around the mouth of the Limmen Bight River, southwest Gulf of Carpentaria, between the Roper River and Maria Island, Northern Territory · Restricted
  88. Mardu (Mardudjara) Western Desert sacred-board bullroarerWestern Desert of Western Australia, around Lake Disappointment (Kumpupintil) on the Little Sandy / Gibson Desert margins; people now centred on Jigalong · Restricted
  89. Boonangharry against the djunoPilbara coast · Sacred / spirit
  90. Matuntara (Kukata)Matuntara (Kukata) country south of the Levi Range, around the Palmer River tributary of the Finke River, eastward to Erldunda and westward to Curtin Springs, straddling the Northern Territory / South Australia border · Restricted
  91. Mer / Murray Island boys' toy bullroarerPlay / practical
  92. Mer rain-making bullroarer (bigo)Mer (Murray Island), Eastern Islands, Torres Strait, Queensland · Weather / fertility magic
  93. Yirrkala craft-shop bullroarerYirrkala, north-east Arnhem Land, Northern Territory (probable point of production; the museum's printed locality is Woomera, South Australia) · Function not recorded
  94. Milingimbi blade with human-hair cordMilingimbi Island (Yurruwi), Crocodile Islands, Northern Territory · Restricted
  95. Toon Doon on a human-hair cordCorner Country, far north-western New South Wales · Restricted
  96. Mitirinji Quoin Island panmaddaPrincess Charlotte Bay / Stewart River · Restricted
  97. Moa (Mua) IslandersMoa (Mua / Banks) Island, western Torres Strait, Queensland · Weather / fertility magic
  98. Momba Station bullroarer with its stringMomba Station, Darling and Paroo river system, north-western New South Wales · Restricted
  99. Mount Barnett bullroarer (SMVK)Western Australia / Kimberley / Mount Barnett · Restricted
  100. Mount Margaret Hambly cat 173154Goldfields / Mount Margaret · Restricted
  101. Mularatara (Matuntara)Southern Western Desert: Palmer River country south of the Levi Range, east to Erldunda and west to Curtin Springs, extending across the Northern Territory border into northern South Australia · Restricted
  102. Mulga Downs cave-cached bladesPilbara, Western Australia · Sacred / spirit
  103. Mulgrave River PeriperipoNorth Queensland · Function not recorded
  104. Mungarai Roper-Mataranka KunapippiRoper River / Mataranka country · Restricted
  105. Muralug waness bullroarerRestricted
  106. Murawari (Muruwari)Culgoa / Bokhara / Birrie / Nebine Rivers · Restricted
  107. Murinbata Karwadi Punj ngawuruPort Keats / Daly region · Restricted
  108. Telling the spirits we are hereMyall Creek Station memorial · Sacred / spirit
  109. Flinders River Mycoolon mobolahNorth Queensland / Gulf country · Restricted
  110. NambutjiNorthern Western Desert, Luritja-speaking country north of the Pitjantjatjara and west of the Aranda, around the Mount Liebig–Haasts Bluff–Lake Macdonald corridor on the Northern Territory side near the Western Australia border · Restricted
  111. Nanggumiri Karwadi All-Mother cult transmissionFlora River / central Daly River, Northern Territory · Restricted
  112. Narrang-ga / Narungga restricted bullroarerYorke Peninsula, South Australia · Restricted
  113. Ngalakan (Nullakun) Kunapippi bullroarerRoper River / southern Arnhem Land (Ngalakan country) · Restricted
  114. NgarigoMonaro / Snowy Mountains (Cooma, Bombala) · Restricted
  115. Ngarinyin (Ungarinyin)Northern Kimberley, WA, wandjina country · Restricted
  116. Ngarluma (Ngaluma) banangari bullroarerPilbara coast between Maitland and Sherlock rivers · Sacred / spirit
  117. Sherlock River cora, the devil-scarersPilbara · Sacred / spirit
  118. Ngatatara (Ngadadjara) — namatunaWestern Desert, centred on the Warburton Ranges (eastern WA, extending into SW Northern Territory and NW South Australia); the namatuna myth was recorded by Roheim from the Ngatatara man Kulaia (with the Aranda man Thomas) at Hermannsburg Mission, Aranda country (NT) · Restricted
  119. Painted North Queensland fire-plough boardNorth Queensland · Function not recorded
  120. Boolpee behind the returning lineNew England Tableland, Moonbi–Ben Lomond–Walcha–Bundarra/Inverell belt · Restricted
  121. Nukunu wiithanhaEastern Spencer Gulf / Port Germein–Mount Remarkable · Sacred / spirit
  122. The hair cord that swung Ngara-MamurnaNumbulwar, Arnhem Land (NT) · Restricted
  123. Nyamal cora with a carved figurePilbara · Restricted
  124. Nyamal cora eaten by white antsPilbara · Sacred / spirit
  125. Nyulnyul (Nyul Nyul), Beagle BayWestern side of the Dampier Peninsula (Beagle Bay area), Kimberley region, Western Australia · Restricted
  126. Ooldea Soak initiation bullroarerOoldea Soak, South Australia · Restricted
  127. Oscar Ranges Kimberley bullroarerOscar Ranges, Kimberley, Western Australia · Restricted
  128. Victorian bullroarer on its human-hair cordAustralia / Victoria · Restricted
  129. Five serpent tracks on an ochred miniatureCentral Australia · Restricted
  130. Western Australian ancestor-voice zigzagWestern Australia · Restricted
  131. Darkwood leaf blade with cordProbable Northern Territory · Function not recorded
  132. Wallaby-fur cord, whirlwind markingsCentral Australia / historic South Australia attribution · Function not recorded
  133. Sacred motif on a pale clothCentral Australia · Sacred / spirit
  134. Whirler still tied to its stickWestern Queensland · Function not recorded
  135. Pindupi (Pintupi)Western Desert, between Lake Mackay and Lake Macdonald along the WA/NT border (Kintore Range / Walungurru); Roheim's Pindupi data gathered from his 1929 base at Hermannsburg in Central Australia · Restricted
  136. PitjantjatjaraAnangu lands, NW South Australia / SW Northern Territory near Uluru · Restricted
  137. Roth north-west-central Queensland whirler complexNorth-west-central Queensland · Restricted
  138. Port Lincoln witarna and pullakalliPort Lincoln · Restricted
  139. Potaruwutj mimikur talking-tree bullroarerTatiara / Naracoorte-Bordertown district / South Australia · Sacred / spirit
  140. Mathaman Marika's Wawaluk lagoon paintingNorth-east Arnhem Land / Yirrkala · Restricted
  141. Roebourne bullroarer (SMVK)Western Australia / Roebourne · Restricted
  142. Roebuck Bay whistling-stick bullroarerRoebuck Bay / Broome district, Western Australia · Sacred / spirit
  143. Shoalhaven southeast coast mooroongaShoalhaven River and southeast coast NSW · Restricted
  144. South-West Australian woondahSouth-West Western Australia (Noongar country) · Play / practical
  145. Southern Cross stone yeenmaYilgarn / Southern Cross · Function not recorded
  146. Sunday Island bullroarer (Mjöberg expedition)Western Australia / Kimberley / Sunday Islands · Sacred / spirit
  147. Table-land cora, place unwrittenPilbara · Sacred / spirit
  148. Tasmania's hidden roarlutruwita / Tasmania · Restricted
  149. Tati Tati (Ta-ta-thi) Kalk bullroarer nameMurray River below the Murrumbidgee junction (Tati Tati country) · Function not recorded
  150. Theddora (Dhudhuroa)Mitta Mitta / Kiewa / Upper Murray (Omeo, Wodonga) · Restricted
  151. Tjingilli (Jingulu)Newcastle Waters / Elliott (Barkly) · Restricted
  152. Western Cape York pipe-ra-chy initiation bullroarerWestern Cape York Peninsula / Batavia (Wenlock) River · Restricted
  153. Hunter-Macleay gonnandhakeenHunter to Macleay Rivers, New South Wales · Restricted
  154. Brisbane River initiation bullroarersQueensland / Brisbane River · Restricted
  155. Ungarinyin and Wurara/Worora closed-archive bullroarersNorth Kimberley / Prince Regent and related Kimberley archive region · Restricted
  156. Gunggari Bora ceremony bullroarerQueensland / Maranoa River district · Restricted
  157. Unmatjera Twanyirika bullroarerCentral Australia · Restricted
  158. Wilmurra, a gidya-wood bladeSouth-east Queensland interior (register 'Algamurra') · Restricted
  159. Hexagon-lattice blade, a Kalgoorlie miner's giftWestern Australia goldfields (acquisition locality) · Function not recorded
  160. Paroo-Warrego-Mungalella young-men-making bull-roarerUpper Paroo and Warrego Rivers / Mungalella (Mungallala) Creek, south-west Queensland · Restricted
  161. Urabunna chimbaliri bullroarerCentral Australia / Lake Eyre region · Restricted
  162. Urania Tribe Linda Creek bull-roarerWestern Queensland / Linda Creek · Restricted
  163. Victoria River black wooden bullroarerVictoria River, Northern Territory · Function not recorded
  164. Wajarri churinga carved from shellMurchison · Restricted
  165. Bullroarers the Ganabuda women swung firstBalgo (Wirrimanu), northern Western Desert, Western Australia · Restricted
  166. Wambaya (Umbaia) Beetaloo purtuliBeetaloo Waterhole (Briggs Lagoon), Barkly Region · Restricted
  167. Wangkangurru inchitcha bullroarerMungeranie / country east of Lake Eyre · Restricted
  168. Kuraba snake blades cached in caveNorthern Territory · Function not recorded
  169. Mamu Gulngay wungumali bullroarerJohnstone River / lower Tully-Murray rainforest / North Queensland · Sacred / spirit
  170. Yuendumu Warlpiri ornamented bladeWest of Yuendumu mission station, Northern Territory · Function not recorded
  171. Warlpiri bullroarers of the Mamandabari heroesCentral Australia / Tanami Desert / Warlpiri country · Restricted
  172. Warnindhilyagwa blade of totemic motifsGroote Eylandt, Arnhem Land, N · Function not recorded
  173. Warumungu Tennant Creek murtu-murtu initiation bullroarerTennant Creek district, Northern Territory · Restricted
  174. Wathi-wathi (Wadi-wadi) Kalari Burbung bullroarerMurray River around Balranald / Tooleybuc · Restricted
  175. Etarratarra twin-boys bullroarersUndated · Northern Territory / Finke Gorge National Park / Palm Valley · Sacred / spirit
  176. Aritunga, one large and one smallHermannsburg region, Northern Territory · Restricted
  177. Desert-tribe cora with snake and dancerPilbara · Sacred / spirit
  178. Wik-Mungkan moiya and paka paka bullroarer mythsWestern Cape York · Restricted
  179. Wiknatara (Wik-Iiyanh)Western Cape York, Aurukun region · Restricted
  180. Willilambi boorbing and yeenmaEucla / Twilight Cove · Restricted
  181. Wiluna initiation bullroarerWiluna / Mid West, Western Australia · Sacred / spirit
  182. Wiradthuri Macquarie-Bogan mudthega and moonibearMacquarie and Bogan Rivers · Restricted
  183. Upper Murrumbidgee mundjeegongUpper Murrumbidgee River · Restricted
  184. Wolgal (Walgalu)Upper Murrumbidgee / Tumut / Kiandra · Restricted
  185. Wonghi/Wonghibon initiation bullroarerNew South Wales · Restricted
  186. Worgait Bidu-Bidu or Bidju-BidjuWagait / Worgait country · Restricted
  187. WorimiPort Stephens / lower Hunter River · Restricted
  188. Wulwulam Mary River discarded initiation bullroarersMary River headwaters / Pine Creek, Northern Territory · Restricted
  189. Wurunjerri / Wurundjeri initiation messenger bullroarerYarra River / Kulin country, Victoria · Restricted
  190. Wyndham pair pierced at both endsEast Kimberley · Restricted
  191. Yam (Iama) IslandersYam (Iama) Island, central Torres Strait; territory of the Kulkalgal central-island people (Yam paired with neighbouring Tutu) · Weather / fertility magic
  192. Yandruwandha thuburu exile-signal bullroarerInnamincka / Cooper Creek / northeastern South Australia · Play / practical
  193. Yaraikanna (umbalako)Cape York tip (Somerset hinterland), Queensland · Restricted
  194. Djäbulju's galiguru from the southRoebuck Bay / Roebuck Plains, south of Broome, West Kimberley, Western Australia · Sacred / spirit
  195. Cairns X-ray fish bullroarerCairns, North Queensland · Restricted
  196. Purliwarna of the Birdarra LawPilbara · Restricted
  197. Yir-Yoront yoq-par-muw initiation boardLower Mitchell River / Kowanyama (Mitchell River Mission), Cape York Peninsula · Restricted
  198. Yolngu python paddle, Yurlunggur's voiceArnhem Land · Restricted
  199. Yuin Daramulun voice bullroarerSoutheastern Australia · Restricted
  200. Yumu (Jumu)Western MacDonnell Ranges, Northern Territory — Haast Bluff (Paura) and Mount Liebig country, west of the central MacDonnell Ranges · Restricted

Austria 3

  1. Schletz cattle-scapula platec. 5000 BC · Weinviertel / Lower Austria, Asparn an der Zaya-Schletz · Function not recorded
  2. Pottenbrunn twisted bone bladec. 330–180 BC · Traisen valley near St. Pölten, Lower Austria (Niederösterreich) · Function not recorded
  3. Tischofer perforated bone needlec. 38,000–32,000 BC or 2200–1600 BC · Tyrol / Kaisergebirge / Kaisertal above Kufstein · Function not recorded

Bangladesh 2

  1. Chakma whirring woodRangamati District / Chittagong Hill Tracts · Function not recorded
  2. Chittagong notched bladeChittagong District · Play / practical

Belgium 2

  1. Belgian planchette ronflanteBelgium (locality unrecorded) · Play / practical
  2. Gent rib snorrebotc. 800–1100 AD · East Flanders / Gent, corner of Gouvernementstraat and Borreputsteeg · Function not recorded

Belize 1

  1. Mopan Maya San Antonio toy bullroarerToledo District · Play / practical

Benin 3

  1. Wéménu kpe, the voice of LoLower Ouémé valley · Restricted
  2. Yoruba Abomey eke bullroarerAbomey region / Zou Department / Dahomey · Function not recorded
  3. The Voice of Vodun at MitroMitro, Oueme Department · Sacred / spirit

Bolivia 11

  1. Cavineño Río Beni bullroarer toyRio Beni / La Paz-Beni · Play / practical
  2. Chacobo toyEastern Bolivia · Play / practical
  3. Chimane toyEastern Bolivia · Play / practical
  4. Chiquitano / Churapa bullroarersSanta Cruz region, eastern Bolivia · Play / practical
  5. Guaraŝug'wä ivirapähĩm̃'ne bullroarer, Santa AnitaCampo Grande / Suvivuhu, northern Velasco Province, Santa Cruz Department · Play / practical
  6. Guarayu toyEastern Bolivia · Play / practical
  7. Itonama Machupo long-cord bladeRio Machupo · Function not recorded
  8. Itonama bullroarerEastern Bolivia · Function not recorded
  9. Tiwanaku stone bullroarerc. AD 180–1100 · Tiwanaku archaeological complex, La Paz Department, Bolivian Altiplano (reportedly) · Function not recorded
  10. Wéhnayey jwim-jwim children's whirring toyRío Pilcomayo, Provincia Gran Chaco, Tarija · Play / practical
  11. Yuracaré boys' bullroarerEastern Bolivia · Play / practical

Bolivia; Argentina; Paraguay 1

  1. Chiriguano and Chané toyGran Chaco / Eastern Bolivia · Play / practical

Bosnia and Herzegovina 3

  1. Saw-toothed perforated bullroarerc. 6000–5350 BC · Bosnia-Herzegovina (site unresolved; probably Obre, Kakanj) · Function not recorded
  2. Donja Dolina perforated stone bladec. 1200–1 BC · Donja Dolina pile-dwelling, Sava riverbed near Bosanska Gradiška · Function not recorded
  3. Mahrevići perforated whetstoneAfter c. 250 BC · Mahrevići tumulus, Čajniče district · Function not recorded

Botswana 2

  1. G|ui, the elders’ secret summonsCentral Kalahari Reserve · Restricted
  2. Naro (Nharo) hisi — //Gauwa's voice at initiationGhanzi farm block, Ghanzi District (Bechuanaland Protectorate at the time of the earlier reports) · Restricted

Botswana / Namibia / South Africa 1

  1. Bushman / San rain and hunting bullroarerWeather / fertility magic

Botswana / South Africa 1

  1. Tswana (seburuburu)Tswana country (SE Botswana / NW South Africa) · Play / practical

Brazil 40

  1. Kalapalo matapu, hidden from womenUpper Xingu, Mato Grosso · Restricted
  2. Apinayé me-galo soul-ghost toyEastern Brazil · Play / practical
  3. Bakairi and Nahuquá upper-Xingu bullroarersCentral Brazil · Play / practical
  4. Two complete Baniwa roarer rigsLower Rio Içana, Santana, São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas · Function not recorded
  5. Baniwa Taracuá complete handled rigTaracuá, Rio Uaupés · Play / practical
  6. Bororo - São Lourenço and Eastern BrazilEastern Brazil · Restricted
  7. Aige, voice of the Bororo deadMato Grosso / Rio Vermelho / Aldeia Kejara · Restricted
  8. Canela pimpó, the pepye's night alarmMaranhão (Sardinha) · Restricted
  9. Caripuna upper-Madeira funeral bullroarerUpper Madeira · Sacred / spirit
  10. Eastern Timbira - Canela and ChakamekraEastern Brazil · Restricted
  11. Rio das Mortes São João del-Rei MG berra-boiRio das Mortes district, São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais · Sacred / spirit
  12. Itajuí Folia das Almas berra-boiItajui / Vale da Gurita, Delfinopolis, Minas Gerais · Sacred / spirit
  13. Ipurina fish-shaped bullroarerAmazon / Purus · Function not recorded
  14. Parapara and uriwuri, female and maleUpper Xingu, Mato Grosso · Restricted
  15. Karajá mask-dance bullroarerCentral Brazil · Restricted
  16. Kayapo buzzing tubeXingu basin, Para/Mato Gro · Function not recorded
  17. Kuikuro roarer swung in the openUpper Xingu, Mato Grosso · Play / practical
  18. Kulisehu River toy bullroarer and sacred fluteUpper Xingu / Kulisehu River · Play / practical
  19. Lagoa das Onças ceramic zumbidorc. 1000–1600 AD · Upper Xingu / Mato Grosso · Function not recorded
  20. Mashacali initiation bullroarersEastern Brazil · Restricted
  21. Maxakali panandóad voice-of-the-dead rigItanhém region, Minas Gerais / Bahia borderlands · Restricted
  22. Mehinaku upper-Xingu clubhouse bullroarerCentral Brazil · Restricted
  23. Nahukúá Little LightningUpper Xingu (Steinen expeditions of 1884 and 1887-88) · Play / practical
  24. Nahuquä matavu fish-form bullroarerKulisehu (Curisevo) river, Upper Xingu, Mato Grosso · Play / practical
  25. Nordeste Brazil folk rói-rói (zunidor)Nordeste (sertao); sold at feiras across the region · Play / practical
  26. Porangaba São Paulo vumvum berra-boiPorangaba / São Paulo · Sacred / spirit
  27. São Manuel berra-boiSão Manuel, São Paulo · Sacred / spirit
  28. Morrinhos / rural Palmito berra-boiMorrinhos / rural Palmito, Goiás · Sacred / spirit
  29. Sherente - Hieparo-wawe bullroarerEastern Brazil · Restricted
  30. Itapecerica MG Week of Sorrows berra-boiItapecerica, Minas Gerais · Sacred / spirit
  31. Tembé (Tenetehara) bullroarer, Pará, 1957Rio Acará, eastern Pará · Function not recorded
  32. Santo Antônio da Alegria São Paulo berra-boiSanto Antônio da Alegria / São Paulo · Sacred / spirit
  33. Mare, the great roaring dinUpper Solimões, Amazonas (between Tabatinga and São Paulo de Olivença) · Restricted
  34. Tarëno roarer of the Paru de OesteParu de Oeste-Marapi basin, Tumucumaque Indigenous Park, Pará · Function not recorded
  35. Trumai kuth / huri huri bullroarer, Upper XinguUpper Xingu, Mato Grosso · Restricted
  36. Upper Xingu painted toy bladeUpper Xingu River / Mato Grosso · Play / practical
  37. Wayãpi ancestral rhombe, Oyapock-Amapá regionOyapock / Amapá and French Guiana · Sacred / spirit
  38. Matapu, the fish spirit of the pequi festivalUpper Xingu, Mato Grosso · Restricted
  39. Xingu yellow-banded giantXingu River, Mato Grosso · Function not recorded
  40. Xipaya warī warī sámį, Curuá RiverUpper Curuá River / Iriri–Xingu, Pará · Restricted

Brazil; Colombia; Venezuela 1

  1. Baniwa bullroarer and Botuto/Jurupari contextNorthwestern Brazil / Rio Negro · Function not recorded

Brazil; Paraguay 1

  1. Mbaya-Caduveo funeral and toy bullroarerGran Chaco / Paraguay River · Sacred / spirit

Brazil; Peru; Colombia 1

  1. Tukuna brinquedo do cão, the devil's playthingUpper Amazon · Play / practical

Bulgaria 1

  1. Bulgarian bramkalo bullroarerBulgaria · Play / practical

Burkina Faso 11

  1. Bobo, the hornbill's giftsBobo-Dioulasso region, western Burkina Faso · Restricted
  2. Dorhosie Zorhogo, the iron that hunts sorcerersCercle de Bobo-Dioulasso, former Haute-Volta / French Sudan · Restricted
  3. Gan sᴐrᴐ initiation bullroarerSouthwest Burkina Faso / Loropeni Department · Restricted
  4. Gouin dogo, the face of GodProvince de Banfora (now Comoé), southwest Upper Volta / Burkina Faso · Restricted
  5. Shouldered iron of the Karaboro and TurkaBanfora–Tiéfora country (now Comoé province), southwest Upper Volta / Burkina Faso · Restricted
  6. Nàvúni, the Kassena bird-scarerKoumbili, Pô subdivision, southern Burkina Faso · Weather / fertility magic
  7. The buffalo's bellow that announces DyoroLobi country on the Black Volta (Gaoua, Batié), Upper Volta / Burkina Faso · Restricted
  8. Voice of the Lyela night masksRéo, Sanguié province, central-western Burkina Faso · Restricted
  9. Sèmè Do, the spirit that walks as soundOrodara, Kénédougou province, western Burkina Faso · Restricted
  10. Tusia Do-society metal rhombeTusia/Toussian country, southwest Burkina Faso · Restricted
  11. Mossi sorghum-stalk whirlerOuagadougou (Wagadugu), Mossi kingdom, Upper Volta / Burkina Faso · Play / practical

Cameroon 29

  1. Bafia djé aroumé, mother of the irouméBafia country, middle Mbam, Cameroon · Restricted
  2. Bakundu Eboku bull-roarerSouthwest Cameroon / Meme Division (Bakundu) · Restricted
  3. Bali Nyonga (seed warding)Bali (Bali Nyonga), Cameroon Grassfields · Restricted
  4. Nkana, the hidden groundnut orchestraHaut-Nkam, southern Bamileke plateau, West Region · Restricted
  5. Bamum mfu, named for thunderBamum kingdom, Noun Division, West Region (Cameroon Grassfields) · Restricted
  6. Basa roarers of Ko and the war masksSouthern Cameroon / Basaa Centre-Littoral region · Sacred / spirit
  7. Bulu Zauberholz bullroarer, SangmelimaLobo River / Sangmelima / South Region, former German Kamerun · Play / practical
  8. Dii panther-rhombe of the circumcision bushFrench Cameroon / Adamaoua highlands · Restricted
  9. Eyap/Eghap Bagam death-ceremony bull-roarerBagam / West-Central Cameroon · Restricted
  10. Uni, the red-millet roarerSacred / spirit
  11. Fali Bao Tinguelin Tadogbel funeral and initiation bullroarerBao / Tinguelin / Benoue / northern Cameroon · Restricted
  12. Garoua circumcision bullroarerGaroua / Bénoué Department / Northern Cameroon · Restricted
  13. Kom Nkvifon, the Fon's police roarerKom kingdom, Boyo Division, North-West Region (Bamenda Grassfields) · Restricted
  14. Koma iron blade, buried voicesAlantika Mountains / North Cameroon · Restricted
  15. Kotoko gẹlẹō of the circumcision feastAfadé, Logone-et-Chari, Lake Chad plain, Far North Cameroon · Sacred / spirit
  16. Kundu roarer held as a power objectCameroon · Restricted
  17. Bokko Voko Longto Uonatonajo ancestor-voice bullroarerVoko / Gormaaya / Poli / Faro Department / North Region · Restricted
  18. Mafa millet-stalk Schwirrholz SoulédéSoulédé, Mayo-Tsanaga, Mandara Mountains · Function not recorded
  19. Mangamba bark-cord bullroarerAbo country north of the Mungo River / German Kamerun · Function not recorded
  20. Imbakiyam, voice of the Sô emergenceSa'a, Lekie, Centre Region · Restricted
  21. Mbum Ngan-Ha circumcision rhombeAdamaoua / Ngan-Ha · Restricted
  22. MofuMandara Mountains / Gudur, Far North Cameroon · Function not recorded
  23. Namchi sẹ̄yo, the moon that roars at a deathNamchi massif, right bank of the Faro (Bénoué basin), Poli, North Cameroon · Restricted
  24. Ngiemboon màndelevûm nkyɛ̀ bullroarer, BamougongWest Region / Bamboutos / Bamougong (Batcham district) · Restricted
  25. The Ngomba name that cannot be givenBamboutos Division, West Province · Restricted
  26. Nso' nyam mfu', the stolen war roarerKingdom of Nso', Bui Division, North-West Region (Bamenda Grassfields) · Restricted
  27. Oku Njamse, the war society's animalsKingdom of Oku, Bui Division, North-West Region (Bamenda Grassfields) · Restricted
  28. Tschamba Samba Leko Langa circumcision bullroarerTchamba / Beka / Faro Department / North Region · Restricted
  29. Wimbum ngwarong, where the ancestors punishNkambe plateau, Donga-Mantung Division, North-West Region · Restricted

Canada 52

  1. Kinngait bone-and-sinew noisemakerNunavut / Qikiqtaaluk Region · Play / practical
  2. Bella Bella bullroarerMilbanke Sound, central British Columbia coast · Play / practical
  3. Bella Coola bullroarerBella Coola valley, central British Columbia coast · Play / practical
  4. Dakelh weather bull-roarerBritish Columbia · Weather / fertility magic
  5. Central Inuit Chesterfield Inlet caribou-bone bullroarer CMH IV-C-1402Chesterfield Inlet / Kivalliq, Nunavut · Function not recorded
  6. China Hat (Xai'xais) bullroarerKlemtu / Swanson Bay, central British Columbia coast · Play / practical
  7. Chipewyan detjEndEl ne children's bull-roarerChurchill River / Reindeer Lake region · Play / practical
  8. Classic Lillooet (St'át'imc) — Keatley Creek (EeRl 7)c. 350 BC–AD 850 · Middle Fraser Canyon (Interior Plateau), British Columbia; St'át'imc (Lillooet) territory between Xaxlip/Fountain and Ts'kwaylacw/Pavilion, ~20-25 km upstream of Lillooet · Function not recorded
  9. Clayoquot bullroarerClayoquot Sound, west coast of Vancouver Island · Sacred / spirit
  10. Copper Inuit imilguptak (Jenness / CMH IV-D-462)Coronation Gulf / Northwest Territories · Play / practical
  11. Crow River toothed rain-scarerOld Crow River / middle and lower Porcupine River, Yukon · Play / practical
  12. Naskapi birch blade in crayonLabrador / Davis Inlet · Play / practical
  13. Departure Bay whalebone bullroarerUndated · Departure Bay, Nanaimo, east coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia · Function not recorded
  14. Giant Spider's whirled lure (Dunne-za)Peace and Prophet River drainages, northeastern British Columbia · Sacred / spirit
  15. Mackenzie River mouth BM Am1929-0412-54Northwest Territories / Mackenzie River mouth · Play / practical
  16. Gitxsan bullroarerKispiox, upper Skeena River, British Columbia · Play / practical
  17. Haida bull-roarer, Haida Gwaii (Dawson, 1878)Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands), British Columbia · Function not recorded
  18. Hartley Bay bullroarerHartley Bay, Douglas Channel mouth, British Columbia · Play / practical
  19. West Hudson Bay svingstikke (KHM Oslo)West coast of Hudson Bay · Play / practical
  20. Hupachisat bullroarerHead of Alberni Inlet, Vancouver Island · Sacred / spirit
  21. Palm-sized Iglulik playthingIglulik / Igloolik, Nunavut · Play / practical
  22. Ihalmiut Nueltin Lake ROM model bull-roarer 2018-21-4Nunavut / Kivalliq Region · Play / practical
  23. Central Arctic baleen bullroarerCentral Arctic · Play / practical
  24. James Bay Cree north-wind bullroarerRupert House (Waskaganish) and lower Harricanaw River, eastern James Bay; also Waswanipi, Obidjuan (Atikamekw), Lake of the Woods and Rainy Lake (Ojibwa) · Weather / fertility magic
  25. Kaska stone-knapper's bullroarerDease River, northern British Columbia · Weather / fertility magic
  26. Koskimo bullroarerQuatsino Sound, northern Vancouver Island · Sacred / spirit
  27. Kutenai bull-roarerUpper Kootenay River, southeastern British Columbia · Weather / fertility magic
  28. Kwakiutl winter-ceremony bullroarerVancouver Island / British Columbia coast · Restricted
  29. Kweeha bullroarerFort Rupert, northeastern Vancouver Island · Play / practical
  30. Lillooet bull-roarerFraser River at Lillooet, southern British Columbia · Play / practical
  31. Lower Thompson bull-roarerFraser Canyon below Lytton, southern British Columbia · Play / practical
  32. Malerualik miniature antler bullroarerc. AD 1000–1400 · King William Island (Qikiqtaq) / Kitikmeot, Nunavut · Play / practical
  33. Massett Haida bullroarerMassett, Graham Island, Haida Gwaii · Play / practical
  34. Calling the Cree wind brothersMoose Factory, James Bay, · Weather / fertility magic
  35. Mushuau Innu notched bone roarerLabrador · Weather / fertility magic
  36. Netsilik brummer (bull-roarer), Amundsen Gjøa expedition (UEM16245)King William Island (Qikiqtaq) / Netsilingmiut territory, Kitikmeot, Nunavut · Play / practical
  37. Pelly Bay Netsilingmiut bullroarer (CMH IV-C-3299)Kitikmeot / Pelly Bay (Kugaaruk) · Play / practical
  38. Northern Labrador Inuit bullroarers WhitridgeBefore c. 1500 AD · Northern Labrador · Play / practical
  39. Northern Ojibwa bullroarer, Weagamow LakeOntario / Weagamow Lake · Function not recorded
  40. Northern Saulteaux hunting-wind bullroarerNorthern Saulteaux country, northwestern Ontario · Weather / fertility magic
  41. Sanikiluaq Belcher Islands ROM bullroarer sculptureNunavut / Belcher Islands · Play / practical
  42. Annoresiut, named for the windNunavut / Kivalliq Region · Play / practical
  43. Shuswap bull-roarerFraser River / Soda Creek, central British Columbia · Play / practical
  44. Shuswap twins' clear-weather implementKamloops, Thompson River, interior British Columbia · Weather / fertility magic
  45. Skedans Haida bullroarerSkedans, Louise Island, Haida Gwaii · Sacred / spirit
  46. Slavey (Dene)Fort Nelson, British Columbia · Play / practical
  47. Swampy Cree wind-bringerCross Lake, Northern Manitoba · Weather / fertility magic
  48. Tsimshian Thunderbird twirlersLower Skeena and Nass rivers, northern BC coast · Sacred / spirit
  49. Gilutsa Tsimshian bullroarerLower Skeena and Port Simpson, northern British Columbia coast · Play / practical
  50. Tsishaat bullroarerBarkley Sound and lower Alberni Canal, Vancouver Island · Sacred / spirit
  51. Owikeno bullroarerRivers Inlet and Owikeno Lake, central British Columbia coast · Play / practical
  52. Haisla bullroarerKitimat, head of Douglas Channel, British Columbia · Play / practical

Canada / United States 1

  1. Blackfoot children's bull roarerBlackfoot Confederacy territory · Play / practical

Central African Republic 4

  1. Èpépé leaf, the eagle's wingbeatMongoumba, Lobaye Prefecture · Play / practical
  2. Aka eagle-flight monkey scarerLobaye Prefecture · Play / practical
  3. BaAka roarer inside the elanda danceSangha forest · Play / practical
  4. BandaBangassou / Ubangi region, CAR · Restricted

Chad 6

  1. Goula Iro Yontô bullroarer, Boum KabirBoum Kabir, north shore of Lake Iro, southeastern Chad · Restricted
  2. Laka gandu b(i)jae, iron voices of the harvestLaka country between Lamé (North Cameroon) and the western Logone, Logone Oriental, southwestern Chad · Restricted
  3. Mbay kinga-muru-mbi, which silences the owlsMbay (Sara-Mbai) country of Moïssala, Nadili canton, Mandoul, southern Chad · Restricted
  4. Mundang (Moundang)Lere region, SW Chad / N Cameroon · Sacred / spirit
  5. Sar nguebadge, the chief of the deadKingdom of Bédaya, Mandoul, southern Chad · Restricted
  6. Tupuri (Toupouri)SW Chad / N Cameroon (Mayo-Kebbi) · Function not recorded

Chile 2

  1. Furfurcabue, whirled against evil spiritsAraucanía, Chile · Sacred / spirit
  2. Concón copper-and-slate plate pendantsc. AD 500–1000 · Site ENAP-3, Concón, on low hills behind the ENAP oil refinery, bordering the Aconcagua Valley, central Chile · Function not recorded

China 13

  1. Beifudi jade blade, sacrificial precinctc. 6050–5050 BC · Yixian County, Baoding, Hebei; Beifudi site, Phase 1 (c. 6050–5050 BC), Taihang piedmont · Function not recorded
  2. Chahai's thirteen jade bladesc. 6250–5650 BC · Liaoning, Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County; Chahai site, Xinglongwa culture horizon (c. 6050–5650 BC) · Function not recorded
  3. Jade insect-head pendant pairc. 4500–3000 BC · Chaoyang, Liaoning; typologically attributed to the Hamin Mangha type of Hongshan culture · Function not recorded
  4. Incised-eye jade insect-head pendantc. 4500–3000 BC · Chaoyang, Liaoning; typologically attributed to the Hamin Mangha type of Hongshan culture · Function not recorded
  5. Lanzhou wooden-plaque niuhouGansu / Lanzhou, upper Yellow River · Play / practical
  6. Niudaokou jade blade at the southern limitc. 6050–5050 BC · Niudaokou, Baodi District, Tianjin, China · Function not recorded
  7. Niuheliang white-jade boardc. 3500–3000 BC · Niuheliang Locality 5, Chaoyang, Liaoning; late Hongshan culture · Function not recorded
  8. Kara Khoja (Turfan) yongpuldurpicKara Khoja (Qara Chodscha / Gaochang), Turfan oasis, Xinjiang · Play / practical
  9. Two Xiaonanshan jade blades, one piercedc. 7250–6650 BC · Raohe County, Shuangyashan, Heilongjiang; Xiaonanshan site on the Ussuri River, early jade horizon (c. 7250–6650 BC) · Function not recorded
  10. Xibenbaoleng jade blades at the waistc. 6250–5450 BC · Bairin Right Banner, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia; Xibenbaoleng tomb, Xinglongwa culture (c. 6250–5450 BC) · Function not recorded
  11. Xinglonggou House 22 jade bi-shaped blades (匕形器)c. 6250–5450 BC · Aohan Banner, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia; Xinglonggou site, Xinglongwa culture (c. 6050 BC) · Function not recorded
  12. Xinglongwa type-site jade bi-shaped blades (匕形器)c. 6250–5450 BC · Aohan Banner, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia; Xinglongwa site, type-site of the Xinglongwa culture (c. 6250–5450 BC) · Function not recorded
  13. Yi Nisu Hechamo tatu pine ritual noisemakerYunnan / Ailao Mountains / Xinping · Sacred / spirit

Colombia 6

  1. Cubeo (Kobeua / Kubeo)Upper Vaupés / Cuduiarí and Querarí rivers · Restricted
  2. Cubeo stone bullroarer, Cuduyari RiverCuduyari River / Vaupes · Sacred / spirit
  3. Desana nurá-mee bullroarer, VaupésVaupés / upper Rio Negro cultural region · Sacred / spirit
  4. Kogi seibuká, the boys’ playthingSierra Nevada de Santa Marta · Play / practical
  5. Noanamá (Waunana / Wounaan)Isla de Munguidó, San Juan River, Chocó · Play / practical
  6. Kisgo Manzanal bird-call zumbadorManzanal / Resguardo Indigena de Kisgo / Silvia / Cauca · Play / practical

Colombia; Panama 1

  1. Chocó toy and spirit-protection bullroarerChoco / Darien · Play / practical

Colombia; Venezuela 1

  1. Motilones ritual bullroarerCircum-Caribbean / Sierra de Perija · Restricted

Cook Islands 1

  1. Aitutaki patangitangi leaflet bullroarerAitutaki · Play / practical

Costa Rica 1

  1. Maleku (Guatuso) Jafara divinatory bullroarerRio Frio basin / northern Costa Rica · Sacred / spirit

Côte d’Ivoire 7

  1. Bonu amuin, the bush gods' roarBaule Guro country · Restricted
  2. Dan Goton and the stilt-dancers of BouafleDan (Yacouba) country around Man, western Cote d'Ivoire · Sacred / spirit
  3. The Dan Mask with No FaceDan country (western Cote d'Ivoire / northeastern Liberia) · Restricted
  4. Gban (Gagou) wroum wroum bird-scarerDepartement d'Oume, centre-ouest Cote d'Ivoire · Play / practical
  5. Two devils circling the squareBouna, northeastern Côte d'Ivoire · Restricted
  6. Senufo (Senoufo)Korhogo-Boundiali, northern Cote d'Ivoire / SE Mali · Restricted
  7. Toura Goton, the iron god who speaksToura mountains, Biankouma, western Cote d'Ivoire · Sacred / spirit

Croatia 9

  1. Vodnjan la sfronda bullroarerDignano / Vodnjan, Istria · Play / practical
  2. Buje boyhood bullroarer (Vigini reconstruction)Buie / Buje, Istrian Carso · Play / practical
  3. Cittanova Novigrad la fionda bullroarerCittanova / modern Novigrad / Istria · Play / practical
  4. Porec coa de la cagnea bullroarerParenzo / Porec, Istria · Play / practical
  5. Rovinj la bus de la viecia bullroarerRovigno / Rovinj, Istria · Play / practical
  6. Portole (Oprtalj) romboInland Istria · Play / practical
  7. Lake Arsa herders livestock-driving bullroarerLake Arsa / modern Cepicko polje below Ucka / Istria · Play / practical
  8. Smilčići bone platec. 6000–5500 BC · Smilčići / northern Dalmatia · Function not recorded
  9. Vrbnik grmavica, a handheld stormKrk Island (Bodulija), Primorje-Gorski Kotar · Function not recorded

Cuba 1

  1. Cuban orisha/Oro bullroarer cultCuba · Sacred / spirit

Cyprus 1

  1. Five Cypriot village noisemakersPlay / practical

Czech Republic 2

  1. Pavlovian rhombe horizonc. 24,000 years ago · Moravia; Pavlovian (eastern Gravettian) · Function not recorded
  2. Předmostí concentric-arc ivory pendantc. 29,500–27,500 BC · Moravia / Přerov; Gravettian (Pavlovian) mammoth-hunters' camp, labelled 'Solutréen' by Hoernes · Function not recorded

Democratic Republic of the Congo 46

  1. Adoi (kundrukundru)NE Congo (Bira borderlands) · Function not recorded
  2. Kunzukunzu, sent ahead to clear the pathWatsa–Gombari district, Haut-Uele, NE Congo · Restricted
  3. Amanga (kundrukundru)NE Congo · Function not recorded
  4. Andebogo (kundrukundru)NE Congo · Function not recorded
  5. Andowi (kundrukundru)NE Congo · Function not recorded
  6. Babali (Bali)NE Congo (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  7. Babira (Bira)NE Congo (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  8. Bagbwa (egburuburu)NE Congo (Bira borderlands) · Function not recorded
  9. Bakango / Bafwaguda maduali bullroarerAsunguda-Apare river district / Ituri Forest near Avakubi · Restricted
  10. Bakumu (Komo) tuambiNE Congo (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  11. Fomvokai, the god's name extendedGeti, Irumu Territory, Ituri / Belgian Congo · Sacred / spirit
  12. Go, child of the great pot glöiKilo, Kilo-Moto goldfields district, Ituri / Belgian Congo · Sacred / spirit
  13. Balese (Kalimoholo) pahudjuhudju bullroarerKilo-Geti goldfields district / Ituri Forest, Belgian Congo · Restricted
  14. Bamanga tuambi circumcision bullroarerLindi and lower Aruwimi rivers around Bengamisa and Banalia, north of Stanleyville (Kisangani), Province Orientale (now Tshopo) · Restricted
  15. Bangba / Ngbaka (egburuburu)NE Congo (Kereboro, Haut-Uele) · Play / practical
  16. Bangelima (Ngelima)NE Congo (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  17. Banyari (Nyali) of Geti — nékundurúkuGeti, Irumu Territory, Ituri / Belgian Congo · Sacred / spirit
  18. Northern Banyari (Nyali) of Kilo — oŭpaKilo, Kilo-Moto goldfields district, Ituri / Belgian Congo · Sacred / spirit
  19. Bapere (atuamba)Pere country, North Kivu (Manguredjipa area) · Restricted
  20. Bapopoi (Popoi)NE Congo (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  21. BarundiNE Congo (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  22. Bembe Tembwe leopard-voice bullroarerSouth Kivu (Fizi), mountains above Lake Tanganyika · Restricted
  23. Bolobo's serrated roarer, kept from womenMiddle Congo River, left bank above the Kwa-Kasai confluence (Mai-Ndombe) · Restricted
  24. Boloki toy-magical bullroarerUpper Congo · Play / practical
  25. Bushongo initiation bullroarersKuba / Kasai region · Restricted
  26. Koinambula, the palm-wine ghostKasai (Kuba) · Restricted
  27. Leele Nar'a kwei Kasai bullroarer recordingKasai / Leele country · Function not recorded
  28. The voice of the Lengola biabaStanleyville-Ponthierville (Kisangani-Ubundu) district, Lualaba, Province Orientale · Restricted
  29. Lokele banduluNE Congo (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  30. Lombi rhombe, cry of the masasa birdBafwasende territory, Tshopo (former Province Orientale) · Restricted
  31. Luba Tambo palm-leaf bullroarerLuba country / Tambo register note · Function not recorded
  32. Mamvu (arumvurumvu)NE Congo (Bira borderlands) · Function not recorded
  33. Mayogo (mbirimbiri)NE Congo · Function not recorded
  34. Kimbuka's roarer in a hen-house hutKwilu basin (Kwilu Province) · Sacred / spirit
  35. Mbo mongomongo and maduali initiation bullroarerIturi forest, Province Orientale (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  36. Mbole (inano)NE Congo · Function not recorded
  37. Mbuti (BaMbuti), Ituri ForestIturi Forest, northeastern Congo (Ituri Province), DRC · Restricted
  38. Ndaka ngwe and maduali initiation bullroarerIturi forest, Province Orientale (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  39. Ngbaka minagende (Gemena) vukumaGemena, Sud-Ubangi (then Équateur Region) · Restricted
  40. Nyanga nyabungubungu circumcision bullroarerNyangaland, North Kivu (Walikale) · Restricted
  41. Sango / Ngbandi bimbiNW DR Congo (northern Zaire per Grove) · Play / practical
  42. Wagenia (Genya)NE Congo (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  43. WanyanzaNE Congo (Babali initiation belt) · Restricted
  44. Warega (Lega) tuamba circumcision bullroarerManiema / eastern forest, Province Orientale · Restricted
  45. Yalemba-Ligasa Upper Congo bullroarersTshopo Province / Yalemba-Ligasa area · Function not recorded
  46. Zande (gilingwa)NE Congo · Function not recorded

Denmark 1

  1. Kongemose bone bullroarerc. 6500 BC · Aamose / western Zealand · Function not recorded

Ecuador 1

  1. Atshuana pumbuentzade, Morona SantiagoMorona Santiago Province · Play / practical

Egypt 3

  1. Winifred Blackman's Egyptian roarerEgypt / Nile Valley · Function not recorded
  2. Gurob papyrus rhombos, toy of DionysusGurob / Fayum · Restricted
  3. Fayum Ptolemaic figureFayum · Sacred / spirit

El Salvador 2

  1. Lenca roarer with no rite recordedUsulután, El Salvador · Function not recorded
  2. Rung rung's evening circuit against sorcerersNahuizalco, Sonsonate · Sacred / spirit

Estonia 1

  1. Estonian vuristi / vuripuu, Karja parishKarja parish, Saaremaa · Play / practical

Ethiopia 5

  1. Rorata, the leopard's cryGondar, Amhara · Weather / fertility magic
  2. Burji Omisso Furissa bullroarerBurji highlands / southern Ethiopia · Sacred / spirit
  3. Gedeo Darassa emimissa restricted bullroarerGedeo highlands / southern Ethiopia · Restricted
  4. Konso owubata, a rite forgottenKonso highlands / southern Ethiopia · Play / practical
  5. Gato Kusume field bird-scarer bullroarerGatoland / southern Ethiopia · Play / practical

Finland 1

  1. Nivala suhistuspuu herding bull-roarerPohjois-Pohjanmaa (North Ostrobothnia) / Nivala · Play / practical

France 22

  1. Fontalès engraved bone bladec. 12,000–9000 BC · Tarn-et-Garonne / Aveyron valley; Magdalenian V · Function not recorded
  2. Abri de Laugerie Basse Magdalenian bullroarerc. 15,000–9000 BC · Dordogne / Les Eyzies · Function not recorded
  3. Badegoule Palaeolithic bullroarerc. 23,000–17,000 BC · Dordogne · Function not recorded
  4. Béarn hurrumbo pastoral bullroarerBearn / Pyrenees · Play / practical
  5. Bourrouilla (Arancou) cavec. 15,000–9000 BC · Magdalenian middle to final, Pyrenees-Atlantiques · Sacred / spirit
  6. Rofla, the Limousin schoolmaster's roarerLimousin / Haute-Vienne / Château-Chervix · Play / practical
  7. Medieval European Holy-Spirit bullroarer emblemLanguedoc (medieval Albigensian Europe) · Sacred / spirit
  8. Grotte des Eyzies animal-scene bramaderac. 12,000–9000 BC · Dordogne / Les Eyzies; Magdalenian final attribution · Function not recorded
  9. Lespugue Solutrean hearth bladec. 22,000–17,000 BC · Haute-Garonne / Pyrenees · Function not recorded
  10. Brassempouy serpentiform ivory bladec. 29,500–26,500 BC · Landes / Grotte du Pape; Middle Gravettian reassessment · Function not recorded
  11. Le Placard antler ovaloidc. 24,000–9000 BC · Charente / Vilhonneur · Function not recorded
  12. Isturitz cave Magdalenian bramaderasc. 15,000–12,000 BC · Pyrenees-Atlantiques / Isturitz level II; Middle Magdalenian · Function not recorded
  13. La Madeleine chevron fragmentc. 15,000–9000 BC · Dordogne / Tursac; Magdalenian attribution · Function not recorded
  14. La Roche de Birol Magdalenian bullroarerc. 13,000–11,000 BC · Dordogne · Function not recorded
  15. La Vache cavec. 13,000 BC · Magdalenian final, Ariege · Sacred / spirit
  16. Le Morin cavec. 12,000–9000 BC · Magdalenian final, Gironde · Sacred / spirit
  17. Commensacq Guidanson burrumbe rhombeLandes / Gascogne · Weather / fertility magic
  18. Lortet cavec. 13,000–9000 BC · Magdalenian IV-VI (Hautes-Pyrenees) · Sacred / spirit
  19. Raymonden bramadera fragmentc. 13,000–9000 BC · Dordogne / Chancelade; Magdalenian superior · Function not recorded
  20. Saint Marcel Magdalenian bullroarer pendantc. 17,000–14,500 BC · Saint-Marcel, Indre · Function not recorded
  21. Saint-Hippolyte childhood rhombeSaint-Hippolyte, Charente-Maritime · Play / practical
  22. Villefranche-de-Lauragais fish-tailed rhombeHaute-Garonne / Lauragais · Play / practical

France / Spain 1

  1. Basque burruna and furrunfarra bullroarerBasque Country / Alava, Lekeitio, Sara · Play / practical

Gabon 5

  1. Bamba child's toy roarerOkondja, Haut-Ogooue · Play / practical
  2. Amvam Fang evuntere bullroarerWoleu-Ntem / Oyem · Restricted
  3. Fang (Pangwe)Rio Muni / N Gabon / S Kamerun · Sacred / spirit
  4. Gabon bromhout bullroarerGabon · Function not recorded
  5. Kwele / Bakwele namiqwott funeral bullroarer, MakokouMakokou / Haut-Ivindo · Restricted

Germany 14

  1. Bagow whirring bladec. 9600–4000 BC · Brandenburg / former Kreis Brandenburg · Function not recorded
  2. Black Forest (Germany) Schlägel bull-roarerBlack Forest / Schwarzwald, Baden-Württemberg · Play / practical
  3. Gützlafshagen children's SchwirrholzGut Gutzlafshagen / modern Gutzlaffshagen near Garz / Rugen · Play / practical
  4. Stolzenau childhood SchwirrholzStolzenau / Kingdom of Hanover / modern Lower Saxony · Play / practical
  5. Burgwall whirring bladec. 9600–4000 BC · Brandenburg / former Kreis Gransee · Function not recorded
  6. Döberitz whirring bladec. 9600–4000 BC · Brandenburg / Havelland, former Kreis Rathenow · Function not recorded
  7. Fernewerder decorated whirring bladec. 9600–4000 BC · Brandenburg / former Kreis Nauen · Function not recorded
  8. Gadebusch Schwirrplättchen (decorated bone plate)c. 600–300 BC · Mecklenburg / Gadebusch · Function not recorded
  9. Hohen Viecheln whirring devicec. 9000–7000 BC · Mecklenburg / former Kreis Wismar · Function not recorded
  10. Pritzerber See Late Paleolithic bone bull-roarerc. 14,000–10,000 BC · Pritzerber See, Havelland; Late Paleolithic (14000-10000 v. Chr.) · Function not recorded
  11. Satzkorn whirring bladec. 9600–4000 BC · Brandenburg / former Kreis Potsdam · Function not recorded
  12. Stellmoor Ahrensburg reindeer-bone bullroarerc. 10,900–9700 BC · Northern Germany / Ahrensburg culture · Function not recorded
  13. Vogelherd perforated ivory batonc. 38,000–32,000 BC · Lone Valley / Swabian Jura, Baden-Württemberg · Function not recorded
  14. Wustermark plain whirring bladec. 9600–4000 BC · Brandenburg / Havelland · Function not recorded

Ghana 3

  1. Vusungvuung, the mason-wasp roarerBuilsa (Sandema) districts, Upper East Region, northern Ghana · Play / practical
  2. Tebinsɪgmaa, the night dirge of the SigmaaWa East District, Upper West Region, Ghana · Restricted
  3. The Night Cow of BirifuBirifu, Lawra District, Northern Territories of the Gold Coast · Restricted

Greece 3

  1. Ancient Greek Dionysiac rhombosRestricted
  2. Athenian Sabazios mysteries (Glaukothea / Aeschines)Classical Athens, mid-4th c. BC · Restricted
  3. Modern Greek vouga bullroarerGreece; country-wide folk-instrument attestation, locality unrecorded · Play / practical

Greenland 4

  1. Tunumiit imitita, a child's toyAmmassalik district, Groenland oriental (East Greenland) · Play / practical
  2. East Greenland serrated blade-and-handle rigAmmassalik (Tasiilaq), East Greenland · Play / practical
  3. Clavering Island Site C bladec. 1600–1800 AD · Northeast Greenland / Tunu · Function not recorded
  4. Clavering Island Site D bladec. 1600–1800 AD · Northeast Greenland / Clavering Island · Function not recorded

Guatemala 1

  1. Chortí Maya toy bullroarer (Jocotán–Olopa)Chiquimula, eastern Guatemala highlands · Play / practical

Guinea 5

  1. Monchon's rhombe in the treetopRio Pongo coast, Préfecture de Boffa, Lower Guinea · Restricted
  2. Coniagui child's rhombeYoukounkoun, Koundara (Guinea-Senegal border) · Play / practical
  3. Kissi initiation and ancestor-voice bullroarerKissidougou-Guéckédou / Forest Guinea · Restricted
  4. Kono (gueyoumo)Guinee forestiere (Lola region), Haute-Guinee francaise · Restricted
  5. Guri, a voice of AfwiNzerekore · Restricted

Guinea-Bissau 1

  1. Master of the forest, the bukut's roarJamaat country north of the Rio Cacheu, Cacheu Region, northern Guinea-Bissau · Restricted

Guyana 1

  1. Waiwai roarer of two turtle shellsEssequibo headwaters · Function not recorded

Haiti 1

  1. Haitian von-von of the Rara bandsOuest department (Léogâne) · Play / practical

Honduras 1

  1. San Marcos ronrón de tablitaSanta Bárbara department · Play / practical

Hungary 2

  1. Hajdúszoboszló board zúgattyúHajdú district, Kingdom of Hungary · Play / practical
  2. Kissziget (Göcsej) whip-mounted zúgattyúZala county (Goecsej region) · Play / practical

India 28

  1. Khizabarui Khizami bullroarerNaga Hills / Khizami area · Play / practical
  2. Angami Khonoma boys' toy and bird-scarer bullroarerNaga Hills / present Nagaland · Play / practical
  3. Ao Naga ungungtsü boys-only illness-taboo bullroarerAo country, Mokokchung district, Nagaland (Naga Hills, Assam at time of source) · Play / practical
  4. Chakhesang boys' bird-scaring roarerNagaland (Phek), NE India · Play / practical
  5. Hill Maria ait, AbujhmarhAbujhmarh, Bastar State / Central Provinces · Play / practical
  6. Ho biur-biur, a whirling toyBihar and Orissa / Chota Nagpur · Play / practical
  7. Karbi toy spun for its whirrKarbi Anglong, Assam · Play / practical
  8. Khasi Hills bamboo bullroarerKhasi Hills · Sacred / spirit
  9. Calcutta toy bullroarerCalcutta / Kolkata · Play / practical
  10. Konyak Shiong boys' toy bullroarerNaga Hills / present Nagaland · Play / practical
  11. Konyak Tamlu kampi rain bullroarerNaga Hills / present Nagaland · Weather / fertility magic
  12. Konyak ma, swung to call rainNagaland (Mon), NE India · Weather / fertility magic
  13. Konyak Naga rain-making bullroarer, WakchingNagaland / Mon District / Wakching · Weather / fertility magic
  14. Lhota Okotso threm-threm crop-season boys' toyNaga Hills / present Nagaland · Play / practical
  15. Malabar bamboo child's toy bullroarerMalabar / Kerala · Play / practical
  16. Burunga, purely a toyBastar, Chhattisgarh · Play / practical
  17. Munda Ranchi children's bull-roarerBihar and Orissa / Chota Nagpur · Play / practical
  18. Muria Gond bull-roarer from Markabera, BastarBastar / Central Provinces · Play / practical
  19. Nicobar monsoon roarers on sixty-foot polesCentral Nicobar Islands · Weather / fertility magic
  20. Oraon Ranchi dormitory bullroarer emblemChota Nagpur / Ranchi · Restricted
  21. Rengma Meluri aowu-prurr boys toy bullroarerNaga Hills / present Nagaland · Play / practical
  22. Sangtam Naga toy bull-roarer on stickNaga Hills / present Nagaland · Play / practical
  23. Santal Monghyr-Singhbhum children's bull-roarerBihar and Orissa / Chota Nagpur · Sacred / spirit
  24. Sema Sumi bird-scarer and doorway-derivative bullroarersNaga Hills / present Nagaland · Play / practical
  25. Southern Sangtam Phorr athapuka tiger-attracting toyNaga Hills / present Nagaland · Play / practical
  26. Taru Thang held-implement figurec. 8500–3000 BC · Upper Ladakh [Zhungkor], Ladakh Union Territory · Function not recorded
  27. Thadou roarer that calls up spiritsNagaland/Manipur hills, NE India · Sacred / spirit
  28. Tipra (Tripuri) Ker-puja bhemra bullroarerFormer Tripura State / Tripura ritual sphere · Sacred / spirit

India / Pakistan (undivided Punjab at time of source) 1

  1. Punjab ghirknu children’s toyPunjab villages (undivided Punjab) · Play / practical

Indonesia 27

  1. Armati bark spirit-warning bullroarerNoord-Nieuw-Guinea (Dutch New Guinea), Sarmi hinterland · Restricted
  2. Bian, twirled so women hideNorthwest Asmat, South Papua · Restricted
  3. Dugum Dani aneivu-aneivu toy bullroarerGrand Valley of the Balim River, West New Guinea / West Irian · Play / practical
  4. Dyak Hantu-Hantuan Southwest Kalimantan bullroarerSouthwest Kalimantan / Borneo · Function not recorded
  5. Ende, Flores (jata)Central Ende region, Flores · Weather / fertility magic
  6. Java kitiran child toy bullroarer analogueJava · Play / practical
  7. Payu, voice of the deadMimika regency, South Papua · Restricted
  8. Incised Kanum slat for the sosom feastSouth Papua (Merauke area) · Sacred / spirit
  9. Karo Batak dengeng-dengeng children's toyBukit, Karo highlands, North Sumatra · Play / practical
  10. Miau Baru Kayan buluq laluq wind bullroarerMiau Baru, Kongbeng, East Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan · Function not recorded
  11. Wap, taught by the serpent motherKamtuk country on the Genyem to west Sentani road, and the Nimboran (Grime) plain, Jayapura Regency, Papua · Sacred / spirit
  12. Kimam (Kolepom / Frederik-Hendrik Island)Frederik-Hendrik Island (Pulau Yos Sudarso / Kolepom), south coast · Restricted
  13. Mandobo tenotkok bullroarer (Wakeriop)Wakeriop (modern Kampung Maju, Arimop District), between the Digul and Kao rivers, Boven Digoel, South Papua / historic Netherlands New Guinea · Restricted
  14. Marcer-anim Sosom bladesDutch South New Guinea, Torassi (Bensbach) River · Restricted
  15. Marind-anim Dema-voice bullroarersDutch South New Guinea / South Papua · Restricted
  16. Two Marind-anim rhombes, blade and discIrian Jaya collection context · Sacred / spirit
  17. Pagai's paired bullroarersPagai Islands, Mentawai Islands · Function not recorded
  18. Mombum / Komolom Island bullroarerKomolom Island (south of Yos Sudarso / Kolepom) · Function not recorded
  19. Muyu mulin bullroarer, Upper Kao-DigulMuyu / Upper Kao-Digul / historic Netherlands New Guinea · Restricted
  20. Riwi-riwi löchö, the dry-season insectLafau, Nias Island · Play / practical
  21. Orang Darat kitiran, cord intactManggar, Belitung (Billiton), Bangka–Belitung · Function not recorded
  22. Rote (Roti)Southwest Rote island (off SW Timor), Nusa Tenggara Timur · Play / practical
  23. Sundanese (kekinciran)Sundanese districts, West Java · Function not recorded
  24. Ternate bubuwasTernate, North Moluccas · Function not recorded
  25. Toba-Batak Sumatra toy bullroarerPlay / practical
  26. Tojo lelempali leaf bullroarerTojo coast, Central Sulawesi · Function not recorded
  27. Yei-nan (Yei / Yey)Upper Maro River, Merauke regency, near the PNG border · Restricted

Indonesia (Papua) 1

  1. Boven-Bian Marind (Ezam cult)Upper Bian River, kampong Mandoem, Merauke · Restricted

Indonesia / Papua New Guinea (catalogue gives both) 1

  1. West Papuan clay-filled bullroarer trioWest Papua (catalogue provenance "Indonesia / Papua New Guinea, West Papua", all elements flagged uncertain) · Function not recorded

Indonesia / Papua New Guinea borderlands 1

  1. Kaya-Kaya Tugeri Sosom bullroarerDutch New Guinea near British territory · Restricted

Iraq 2

  1. Erbil Turkmen warwara bullroarerErbil Governorate / Iraqi Kurdistan · Play / practical
  2. Bahdinani Kurdish badbadak bullroarerBahdinan (Behdinan) / Dohuk - Amadiya, Iraqi Kurdistan · Play / practical

Ireland 2

  1. Loughcrew Cairn H perforated bone slips165–55 BC · Co. Meath / Sliabh na Caillí (Loughcrew), Carnbane West; Iron Age deposit in a Neolithic passage tomb · Function not recorded
  2. Maynooth roarer among homemade toysIrish Folklife Collection / Maynooth donor metadata · Play / practical

Israel 1

  1. Nahal Hemar Cave elongated bone plaquesc. 8000–7000 BC · Judean Desert / Dead Sea region · Function not recorded

Italy 23

  1. Ales frúsciu reconstruction (Sardinia)Ales (Zeppara), Oristano, Sardinia · Play / practical
  2. Amaseno moscono, Monti LepiniLazio / Monti Lepini · Play / practical
  3. Badia Polesine: the roarer called DeathBadia Polesine region, Rovigo (Veneto), c. 1880 · Function not recorded
  4. Giugliano fru-fru bullroarerCampania · Play / practical
  5. Marzi whip-handled bullroarerCalabria / Cosenza · Play / practical
  6. Petriolo svendolaMarche / Macerata · Play / practical
  7. Friulian plain el tuto bullroarerFriuli / Aquileia, Ronchi, Cervignano · Play / practical
  8. Trieste la striga bullroarerTrieste / Rozzol-Settefontane · Play / practical
  9. Venice el motor bullroarerVenice / Cannaregio · Play / practical
  10. Castelluccio bossed bone plaquec. 2150–1650 BC · Val di Noto / province of Syracuse, Sicily · Function not recorded
  11. Ceneselli rombo with a pig boneCeneselli, Alto Polesine, Rovigo (Veneto) · Play / practical
  12. Baravitalla three-boss bone plaquec. 2150–1650 BC · Cava d'Ispica / province of Ragusa, Sicily · Sacred / spirit
  13. Vallebona (Macerata) vendolaMarche / Macerata · Play / practical
  14. Gavoi burriburri (frusciu)Sardinia / Barbagia · Play / practical
  15. Mistretta Sicily lapuni Holy Week bullroarerSicily / Messina Province · Sacred / spirit
  16. Upper Illasi valley surla a manVeneto / Lessinia · Play / practical
  17. Piedmont folk romboPiedmont (Riva presso Chieri; Cambiano) · Play / practical
  18. Poffabro rombo (spatola)Friuli / Val Colvera · Play / practical
  19. Riparo Gaban bone fish plaquec. 4080–4040 BC · Trentino / Adige valley · Function not recorded
  20. Rome bone feather-bladeRome (collecting locality; no findspot, no period assigned) · Function not recorded
  21. Sant'Andrea Ionio Holy Week bullroarerCalabria / Catanzaro Ionian coast · Sacred / spirit
  22. Sora / Ciociaria je mesconeLazio / Ciociaria · Play / practical
  23. Modena frullo, the swineherds' whirled boneModena countryside, Emilia · Play / practical

Japan 18

  1. Ainu rera-suyep wind-raising bullroarerHokkaido / Tokachi · Weather / fertility magic
  2. Five perforated axes, two with rubbed holesc. 5550–5050 BC · Aomori/Hokkaido comparative corpus; Aomori Kiyou 30 Fig. 7 and Nakano B crosswalk · Function not recorded
  3. Endō Hiroya site large hera-shaped pendantc. 4050–3650 BC · Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan; Endo Hiroya site · Function not recorded
  4. Heiwa site stone-axe-shaped pendantc. 7050–5950 BC · Urahoro, Hokkaido, Japan; Heiwa aggregate route · Function not recorded
  5. Ishihara site large hera-shaped pendantc. 4050–3050 BC · Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Ishihara site · Function not recorded
  6. Kurawa sitec. 3750 BC · Kurawa site, Hachijo Island, Tokyo, Japan · Function not recorded
  7. Kuwano spatula-shaped pendants (箆状垂飾) — Early Jōmon Japanc. 5050–4550 BC · Awara City, Fukui Prefecture, Hokuriku (Honshu), Japan; Kuwano site, Early Jomon (c. 5050–4550 BC) · Function not recorded
  8. Miharadajō site no.432 large hera-shaped pendantc. 4050–3050 BC · Shibukawa, Gunma, Japan; Miharadajo site no. 432 · Function not recorded
  9. Mikamine site no.268 slate pendantc. 3950–3550 BC · Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Mikamine site no. 268 · Function not recorded
  10. Mitsugosawa-naka site large hera-shaped pendantc. 4050–3050 BC · Takasaki, Gunma, Japan; Mitsugosawa-naka site pit 75 · Function not recorded
  11. Nokubi trapezoid pendant of imported sandstoneUndated · Goto Islands, Nagasaki, Japan; Nokubi site · Function not recorded
  12. Kawajiri broken axes reground and piercedc. 6100–4000 BC · Okajima, Esashi Town (Okhotsk Subprefecture), Hokkaido; Kawajiri site, now Horobetsu Right-Bank Terrace site · Function not recorded
  13. Rokutanda Minami jade-workshop pendantc. 3520–2470 BC · Itoigawa, Niigata, Japan; Rokkanda Minami site · Function not recorded
  14. Sannai-Maruyama tapering greenstone pendantc. 3950–3520 BC · Aomori, Japan; Sannai-Maruyama official object 9530 · Function not recorded
  15. Sannai-Maruyama poem-card pendantsc. 3950–2250 BC · Aomori, Japan; Sannai-Maruyama site, Jomon · Function not recorded
  16. Usukubo stone pendant groupc. 5000–400 BC · Chigasaki, Kanagawa, Japan; Usukubo site pendant group · Function not recorded
  17. Yamaguchidai site large hera-shaped pendantc. 4050–3050 BC · Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan; Yamaguchidai site · Function not recorded
  18. Yoshimine hera-shaped pendantc. 5050–3520 BC · Tateyama, Toyama Prefecture, Japan; Yoshimine site, Early Jomon · Function not recorded

Kenya 11

  1. Akamba (Ukamba) boy's bullroarerUkamba, British East Africa · Play / practical
  2. Bukusu leopard-voice bullroarerNorth Kabras location, Kakamega District / Bungoma–Kakamega Bukusu country, western Kenya · Restricted
  3. Dholuo obuya, the toy that roarsWestern Kenya / Lake Victoria basin · Play / practical
  4. Gusii eng'iti enene, the Big Beast of OutsideNyansongo, Kisii highlands, Nyanza Province (now Kisii and Nyamira counties), western Kenya · Restricted
  5. Kikuyu kiburuti child-toy survivalCentral Kenya / Southern Kikuyu · Play / practical
  6. Munge Kikuyu bullroarerHistoric Munge district / likely Mutira, Kirinyaga · Play / practical
  7. KipsigisKericho highlands, Kenya · Restricted
  8. Mumbo cult bullroarers (Alego / Kavirondo)Alego, Central Kavirondo (Siaya) · Sacred / spirit
  9. Marakwet kaptorus beast, the roar round the hutMarakwet, Cherangani escarpment above the Kerio Valley (Elgeyo-Marakwet County) · Restricted
  10. Mijikenda (Wanika)Coastal hinterland behind Mombasa (Kaya forests) · Sacred / spirit
  11. Nandi initiation bullroarersNandi / British East Africa · Restricted

Latvia 2

  1. Cēsis Castle rib rūcamkauliņi12th–19th centuries AD · Vidzeme / Livonia · Play / practical
  2. Riga Alksnāja Street rib bullroarer13th–17th centuries AD · Riga old town · Play / practical

Lesotho 1

  1. Sotho sevuruvuru against dogsLesotho / South Africa · Play / practical

Liberia 5

  1. Roarers before the Bush-spiritLofa County, northern Liberia (Gbande country) · Restricted
  2. Bale wola heralds the Big DevilWestern Province / Lofa (Gbunde country) · Restricted
  3. Vu ni, the devil who roarsCentral Province / Nimba (Mano country) · Restricted
  4. Gio boys "make bull-roarer talk"Central Province / Nimba (Gio country) · Restricted
  5. Vu ni and the unmasked high menNimba (Mano country) · Restricted

Lithuania 2

  1. Schwarzort serrated amber bladesc. 3000–2000 BC · Curonian Spit / Curonian Lagoon; former East Prussia (Schwarzort, Kreis Memel); Late Neolithic · Function not recorded
  2. Lithuanian brūklys herders' bullroarerLithuania (country-level) · Play / practical

Madagascar 2

  1. SakalavaSW Madagascar, districts of Beroroha and Sakaraha · Play / practical
  2. TanalaEastern forest escarpment, Fianarantsoa (Ifanadiana-Ikongo) · Play / practical

Malawi 2

  1. Blantyre, Malawi bullroarerBlantyre · Function not recorded
  2. Konde ifula rain bullroarerKonde country, north end of Lake Malawi · Play / practical

Malaysia 7

  1. Jahai pusign, hushed by thunderUpper Perak (Temengor and the Teladn) and the Kelantan interior · Play / practical
  2. Kayan (Borneo) padi-clearing bullroarerSarawak rivers, Sea Dayak country · Sacred / spirit
  3. Kenyah Klemantan Baram wat jawat rice-field bullroarerSarawak / Baram River District · Weather / fertility magic
  4. Kenyah-Badang kidiu paired bullroarerUpper Rejang River / Belaga District, Sarawak · Play / practical
  5. Kintak Bong bĕtaling, the tiger’s callPerak / Ulu Selama / Lubok Tapah · Restricted
  6. Narom bullroarer, Lower Baram, SarawakSarawak / ?Narom · Play / practical
  7. Semaq Beri (Evans's Sakai-Jakun) lightning bullroarer mythTekai River, Jerantut district, Pahang · Function not recorded

Malaysia / Thailand 1

  1. Patani Malay elephant-scarer bullroarerKuala Langat District, Selangor (Federated Malay States, British Malaya) · Play / practical

Mali 12

  1. Bamana lion-voice in wood and ironSegou region, middle Niger (eastern Bamana) · Sacred / spirit
  2. Bamana blood-crusted cult BoliFrench Sudan collection context · Sacred / spirit
  3. Bambara N'Domo Lion bullroarerBambara / Mali · Restricted
  4. Billai, the Diarra's roarers against crocodilesNiger between Sansanding and Diafarabé, Cercle de Macina (Ségou Region), French Sudan / Mali · Restricted
  5. Bozo Nouhoun-Bozo boys' rhombeMopti Region / Djenne-Tenenkou area · Play / practical
  6. Bwa (Bwaba)San region, Mali (Capron’s cercle de San) · Restricted
  7. The Humming Wood of DjennéMopti Region / Djenne · Function not recorded
  8. Sanga's mother of the mask, whom the women fearBandiagara / Sanga · Restricted
  9. Dogon Songo veni bullroarerSongo / Bandiagara escarpment / Mopti region / French Sudan · Restricted
  10. Imina na, the great maskYougo Dogorou, Bandiagara escarpment, Mopti region (French Sudan at the time of the Dakar-Djibouti mission) · Restricted
  11. Kouroumba Yoro atongu dry-season bullroarerYoro / Mopti region / French Sudan · Play / practical
  12. Minianka cross-barred sorghum whirlerMinianka country (Koutiala area), French Sudan / southern Mali · Function not recorded

Mali / Guinea 1

  1. Hidden roarer of the Komo and NamaUpper Niger between the upper Senegal and the Bani ("Central Mandingo" country) · Restricted

Mexico 11

  1. Bahía de los Ángeles cave findc. 1500–1800 AD · Bahia de Los Angeles, Baja California · Function not recorded
  2. Seri hacaailc, paired ironwood bladesBahia de Kino (Kino Bay), Hermosillo Municipality, Sonora · Sacred / spirit
  3. Seri hacaaij, songs from the seaSonora / Isla Tiburon · Restricted
  4. KiliwaBaja California (Arroyo Leon area) · Sacred / spirit
  5. Mesbilja blade, bare essentialsMesbilja, Oxchuc, Chiapas · Play / practical
  6. Otomi Holy Week whirling drumTexcatepec, Veracruz · Play / practical
  7. Xilatzén diable roarerHuasteca / San Luis Potosí · Function not recorded
  8. Contemporary Seri-associated Bufo ceremony bullroarerSonora / Seri-Comcaac territory · Sacred / spirit
  9. Sierra de la Giganta bullroarerUndated · Baja California Sur / Sierra de la Giganta, Loreto municipality · Function not recorded
  10. San Julio Basin ironwood bullroarerUndated · San Julio Basin / Baja California Sur · Function not recorded
  11. Tzotzil himhim of ZinacantánCentral Highlands of Chiapas · Function not recorded

Morocco 1

  1. Mogador / Essaouira ferfâra bullroarerAtlantic Morocco / Mogador environs · Play / practical

Myanmar 1

  1. Tangkhul NagaSomra Tract, Naga Hills · Sacred / spirit

Namibia 5

  1. Auin ostrich-lure bullroarer, KaukauveldGobabis-Epukiro / southern Kaukauveld, German South-West Africa · Play / practical
  2. Brandberg rock-painting bullroarer depictionc. 4,000–2,000 years ago · Brandberg / Damaraland · Sacred / spirit
  3. Ju|'hoansi and !Kung initiation bullroarersTsintsabis / Oshivelo and wider Kalahari source chain · Restricted
  4. Oas San healer's bullroarer, OmahekeOas farm / Omaheke sandveld / Kalahari, German South-West Africa · Sacred / spirit
  5. Uukwaluudhi omathila rain and sowing Big BirdsOwamboland / Omusati region · Restricted

Namibia / Angola 1

  1. Kwanyama edila circumcision Big BirdsUukwanyama / Kwanyama region · Restricted

Netherlands 12

  1. Alkmaar brommer (bullroarer)North Holland / Alkmaar · Play / practical
  2. Amsterdam Damrak rib snorrebottenc. 1200–1700 AD · Amsterdam / Damrak / Noord-Zuidlijn excavation · Function not recorded
  3. Voorstraat snorrebot stripc. 1650–1750 AD · South Holland / Dordrecht, Leeuwenburg-Mijnsherenherberg on the Voorstraat · Function not recorded
  4. Groningen snorrebotGroningen province (NE-Netherlands dialect belt) · Play / practical
  5. Groot Olmen antler snorrebotc. 475–600 AD · Zuid-Kennemerland dunes / North Holland · Function not recorded
  6. Huis Dever snorrebotc. 1600–1750 AD · South Holland / Lisse, Huis (Huys) Dever · Play / practical
  7. Middenbeemster Keyserkerk bone snorrebotc. 1615–1867 AD · North Holland / Beemster polder · Play / practical
  8. Schagen two-hole snorrebotc. 1600–1625 AD · North Holland / Schagen · Function not recorded
  9. Portegies snorrebotc. 1600–1700 AD · North Holland / Beverwijk, Portegies · Play / practical
  10. Schellinkhout half-drilled snorrebotc. 1600–1700 AD · North Holland / Drechterland · Play / practical
  11. Tilburg-Kraaiven Late Mesolithic zoemsteenc. 5500 BC · North Brabant / Tilburg-Kraaiven · Function not recorded
  12. Utrecht Wittevrouwenstraat rib snorrebot pairBefore c. 1550 AD; c. 1640–1914 AD · Utrecht / city centre · Play / practical

New Caledonia (France) 1

  1. Maré’s spinning-board gameLoyalty Islands / Mare · Play / practical

New Zealand 4

  1. Māori pūrerehua bullroarerAotearoa / New Zealand · Sacred / spirit
  2. Ngati Porou (turorohu rain rite)East Cape / Waiapu Valley, North Island · Weather / fertility magic
  3. Pig Bay notched bone bladec. 1400–1500 AD · Pig Bay / Motutapu Island / Hauraki Gulf · Play / practical
  4. Whanganui (huhū, the buzzing toy)Whanganui River district, west-central North Island · Play / practical

New Zealand (Chatham Islands) 1

  1. Moriori carved whalebone bladec. AD 1400–1901 · Okawa near Kaingaroa, Chatham Island · Function not recorded

Nicaragua 3

  1. Mayangna uwauwau, the bush telegraphMosquitia interior (Río Coco, Waspuk and Bocay rivers; Río Patuca in Honduras) · Play / practical
  2. Mayangna roarer of the DeadEastern Nicaragua, Mosquitia interior (middle Río Coco with the Bocay and Waspuk rivers) · Restricted
  3. Miskito Río Coco roarer, use unrecordedRío Coco (Wanks River) · Function not recorded

Niger 1

  1. Zinder blade on a plaited leaf cordZinder (Damagaram), Niger · Function not recorded

Nigeria 32

  1. Achipawa okiso voice, seen only by the MagajiKontagora Division, Niger Province (now Mariga LGA, Niger State) · Restricted
  2. Afusare bull-roarer of the guinea-corn sowingBauchi Province section of the Afusare (now Jos East LGA, Plateau State) · Restricted
  3. Bachama roarer of Dong, brought from MbuloSouthern Bachamaland, Numan Division (now Demsa LGA, Adamawa State) · Sacred / spirit
  4. Berom jwà ǹgasangPlateau State · Restricted
  5. Bini Oloawon Ovia / Ovato bullroarerBenin Kingdom / later Edo State · Restricted
  6. Dakarkari bull-roarer, the Voice of MagirroKebbi, north-western Nigeria (Sokoto Province under British administration) · Restricted
  7. Oro's voice, worshipped as the godAbeokuta (Egba) · Restricted
  8. Ekkpe eastern Nigeria ceremony bull-roarerEastern Nigeria / Cross River-Calabar-Ibibio-Ekoi region · Restricted
  9. Esan Alimin-Otor land-spirit bullroarerEsanland / Edo State · Restricted
  10. Gwana Jukun Dodo bullroarer voice and rain cultCentral Nigeria / Gwana Jukun area · Restricted
  11. Gwari (Gbagyi) oath riteGbagyi homeland (Niger State / FCT Abuja) · Sacred / spirit
  12. Kura, the hyena that calls dogsKatsina, northern Nigeria · Play / practical
  13. Hausa boys' bull-roarer, DauraDaura, Katsina Emirate, Northern Nigeria · Play / practical
  14. Idoma ohumhum, fish-shaped plaque of the alekwu deadIdoma country, Otukpo, Benue State · Restricted
  15. Idoma ofukufuku, the schoolroom bullroarerIdoma country, Otukpo, Benue State · Play / practical
  16. Odegilligilli, the night maw's summonsSouthern Nigeria / Igbo country · Restricted
  17. Kadara aka'a, the whirring of the returning deadKajuru District, Zaria Province (now Kajuru LGA, southern Kaduna State) · Sacred / spirit
  18. Kambari Northern Nigeria child toy bullroarerNorthern Provinces of Nigeria · Play / practical
  19. Kana children's forbidden égùgùRivers State / Ogoni · Restricted
  20. Kurama makili, the bull-roarer at the ancestral gravesZaria Province, Northern Nigeria (now Lere LGA, Kaduna State) · Sacred / spirit
  21. N'Yoro Oekum'Lagos, Nigeria · Sacred / spirit
  22. Lower Ijaw Noin-nama bull-roarerCentral Niger Delta / Ijo (Ijaw) country · Restricted
  23. Morwa bull-roarer, the crying in the sacred groveZaria Province, Northern Nigeria (now Kaura LGA, Kaduna State) · Sacred / spirit
  24. NunguNassarawa Province, Northern Nigeria · Play / practical
  25. Nupe kèrè in traditional worshipNiger State / Nupe country · Sacred / spirit
  26. Dakka Sama Mum Langa ancestral-voice bullroarerSugu / Tsugu / Ganye LGA / Adamawa State · Restricted
  27. Abume, whirled to scare spiritsBenue valley · Weather / fertility magic
  28. Verre Momi Do'os harvest bullroarersAdamawa / Cholli Verre region · Restricted
  29. Fork-ended Oshogbo Yoruba bladeOshogbo, Nigeria · Sacred / spirit
  30. Oyo palm-midrib bullroarer pairOyo, Nigeria · Function not recorded
  31. Yoruba Oro voice bullroarerRestricted
  32. Wasman's private anti-thief alarmKatsa, a Kede/Nupe creek-side trading village near Egga on the Niger, Bida Emirate, Niger Province, Northern Nigeria (now Niger State) · Sacred / spirit

Nigeria / Cameroon 1

  1. Ekoi Enyara Akum club bullroarersCross River / Oban District · Restricted

Norway 5

  1. Madla snorlebeinRogaland / Stavanger · Play / practical
  2. Normannsvika slate bladec. 4500–4240 BC · Finnmark / Melkøya, Hammerfest · Function not recorded
  3. Norway fishermen wind-protection bullroarersNorwegian fjords · Weather / fertility magic
  4. Stunner brummerc. 8500 BC · Follo / Akershus (now Nordre Follo), Southeast Norway · Function not recorded
  5. Tuv Saltstraumen shale bullroarerc. 3040–2620 BC · Nordland / Saltstraumen · Function not recorded

Palau 1

  1. Pulo Anna (Pur) zorien bullroarerSouthwest Islands / Pulo Anna (Pur), Sonsorol State · Function not recorded

Papua New Guinea 196

  1. Abelam (incl. Maprik)East Sepik · Restricted
  2. AgarabiEastern Highlands · Restricted
  3. Aimei Kiwai Kaiaimuru bullroarerGulf Province / lower Era River · Restricted
  4. Anga trio still bound togetherPapua New Guinea / Morobe Province · Sacred / spirit
  5. Upper Watut bark-fibre bullroarerOceania -> Melanesia -> Papua New Guinea, East New Guinea Upper Watut River · Restricted
  6. Akwi-ó of the nose-piercing riteMorobe–Gulf fringe (Anga) · Restricted
  7. Angaataha ancestral-presence bullroarerAngan language region · Restricted
  8. Ankave-Anga bullroarer (Suowi Valley)Southern Anga territory, northernmost Gulf Province at the Morobe / Eastern Highlands junction (Suowi-Mbwei Valley) · Restricted
  9. Arapesh (incl. Kaboibus)East Sepik · Restricted
  10. Astrolabe BayMadang · Restricted
  11. Aua Island Schwirrholz toy bullroarerManus / Western Islands (Aua) · Play / practical
  12. Auyana bullroarer old-man spirit voiceEastern Highlands / Anga-Eastern Highlands men's cult zone · Restricted
  13. AvatipEast Sepik · Restricted
  14. Awa mahbi initiation roarerMobuta River Awa / Eastern Family language region · Restricted
  15. Bagabag IslandMadang · Restricted
  16. BainingEast New Britain · Restricted
  17. Baluan IslandManus · Function not recorded
  18. BanaroEast Sepik · Restricted
  19. Baramura blade, Méte’s first swingLower Fly River, Western Province · Sacred / spirit
  20. BariaiWest New Britain · Restricted
  21. Baruya bullroarer in initiationEastern Highlands / Anga-Eastern Highlands men's cult zone · Restricted
  22. BaskenMadang · Restricted
  23. Bena Bena pig-festival revelationEastern Highlands / Bena Bena valley · Restricted
  24. Half-metre Bensbach blade, two fingers wideWestern Province (Morehead) · Function not recorded
  25. Bia-WariaMorobe · Restricted
  26. Biliau (Rai Coast)Biliau, Rai Coast (Madang, near Saidor) · Function not recorded
  27. BinandereNorthern · Restricted
  28. Binumarien roarer without flutesEastern Family language region · Restricted
  29. Boazi (Boadzi / Kuni / Zimakani)Lake Murray and its central/northern shores plus the middle reaches of the Fly River, Western Province (southern lowlands) · Restricted
  30. BoikenEast Sepik · Restricted
  31. Bola Bakovi tuvura bullroarerWillaumez / Talasea Peninsula / West New Britain / New Pommern · Sacred / spirit
  32. Bongu blade pointed at both endsRai Coast, Madang (Astrolabe B · Restricted
  33. Borli/Boli (Waria watershed)Borli/Boli (Waria watershed) · Restricted
  34. Luana murup of the Lower RamuMelanesia, Papua New Guinea · Function not recorded
  35. Buang roarer among the seed yamsSnake River valley (Mapos), Bulolo District, Morobe Province · Sacred / spirit
  36. Buin (incl. Telei, Uisai)Bougainville · Restricted
  37. BukaBougainville · Restricted
  38. Banko lanqua, Banko the OldMorobe (former German New Guinea / Nordost-Neuguinea) · Restricted
  39. Bukawa / YabimMorobe · Restricted
  40. Bunu village Schwirrholz (MARKK 4497 I)Morobe Province / Finschhafen hinterland · Function not recorded
  41. Burum-Mindik esöŋ bullroarerBurum and Mindik valleys, inland southern Huon Peninsula, Morobe Province · Restricted
  42. BusamaMorobe · Restricted
  43. Bush Kaliai Varku bullroarer tambaranKaliai bush, Kove/Kaliai Rural LLG, West New Britain · Restricted
  44. Cape CretinMorobe · Sacred / spirit
  45. Palimbei monumental Iatmul bullroarerMiddle Sepik / Palimbei (Parambei; Bragge: Parembei; historic catalog: Palimbai II) · Restricted
  46. ChambriEast Sepik · Restricted
  47. Dagoi Dagu bullroarerDagoi / Dagu / Bogia District / Madang Province · Sacred / spirit
  48. Dom / SinasinaChimbu · Restricted
  49. Duo YangoruEast Sepik · Restricted
  50. EklepWest New Britain · Restricted
  51. Elema: GeneralGulf · Restricted
  52. Waglla, voice of the first wordsBituri River, South Fly District, Western Province (Pahoturi River language area; Ende villages Limol, Malam and Kinkin) · Sacred / spirit
  53. Wabag blade with a carved headEnga Province / Wabag · Function not recorded
  54. Evaora bullroarer charm, Panaroa River / Port RomillyPanaroa (Ivey) River / Port Romilly, Gulf Province · Weather / fertility magic
  55. FinschhafenMorobe · Restricted
  56. Sosom, the giant's voiceFly River / Western Province · Restricted
  57. Gadsup returning-grandparents voiceEastern Highlands / Kainantu-Gadsup area · Restricted
  58. Gambadi thowatti, KwavaruWestern · Restricted
  59. Gazelle: GeneralEast New Britain · Play / practical
  60. Gende children's toy bullroarerBismarck Ranges · Play / practical
  61. Goaribari board with a carved faceGoaribari, Gulf Province (Kikori delta) · Restricted
  62. Gogodala planting roarer, scorched with figuresWestern Province (Aramia River · Weather / fertility magic
  63. Guhu-SamaneMorobe · Restricted
  64. Gulf of Papua initiation bullroarerGulf of Papua / British New Guinea · Restricted
  65. Gulf Province eleven-bullroarer seriesGulf Province (no district or village recorded) · Restricted
  66. HakuBougainville · Restricted
  67. HubeMorobe · Function not recorded
  68. Hunjara / Koko wowow initiation bullroarerYodda Valley / Kokoda / Kumusi Division · Restricted
  69. Huon Gulf (General)Morobe · Restricted
  70. Iari slats that could not roarPurari Delta, Gulf · Restricted
  71. Kanganamun Iatmul initiation bullroarerMiddle Sepik / Kanganamun · Restricted
  72. Iatmul — MindimbitEast Sepik · Restricted
  73. Emouno, voice of the kaiaimunuPapuan Gulf area · Restricted
  74. Kafe / KainantuEastern Highlands · Restricted
  75. KaiMorobe · Restricted
  76. Gadfly at rest and in flightKaiser-Wilhelmsland (German New Guinea), locality unrecorded · Function not recorded
  77. Kalam wtt, named for a parrotUpper Kaironk Valley, Schrader Range, Madang Province · Play / practical
  78. Bosavi Kaluli roarerMount Bosavi, Great Papuan Pla · Function not recorded
  79. Kamano, Fore, Jate, UsurufaEastern Highlands · Restricted
  80. KambramboLower Sepik, East Sepik Province · Restricted
  81. Titamnga mautwa kept by mothersTitamnga / Kapau-Kamea territory · Restricted
  82. Furtedjuwi, the roarer women cannot seeSepik (Kambaramba), East Sepik · Restricted
  83. Karama (Elema)Gulf · Restricted
  84. Barag burned with its cult houseMadang · Restricted
  85. KerakiWestern · Restricted
  86. Kilenge (nausan)Cape Gloucester, far-west New Britain · Restricted
  87. King / KalilNew Ireland · Restricted
  88. Kiwai madubu, mother of the yamsWestern · Restricted
  89. Komnzo frfr and ŋofoŋofo bullroarers, RoukuRouku village, Morehead district, Western Province (Trans-Fly) · Restricted
  90. Koriki spirit-face and crocodile bull-roarerPurari Delta (Pai-i-ara), Gulf Province · Restricted
  91. Kairu (Koriki) "imunu-viki" bullroarer, Purari DeltaGulf Province / Purari Delta / Naman District / Kairu · Sacred / spirit
  92. Kranket Djabobibi, swung at circumcisionKranket Island, Madang Lagoon (Astrolabe Bay, German New Guinea) · Sacred / spirit
  93. Kubka (Kubkin) Upper Sepik bullroarer, Yale PeabodyEast Sepik / Leonard Schultze (Walio) River / Kubka-Kubkain vicinity · Function not recorded
  94. Kubu blade, waking the yam groundKubu, Western Province · Sacred / spirit
  95. Kuman toy, the koa kept secretChimbu (Simbu) · Play / practical
  96. KurtiManus · Function not recorded
  97. Kwaplalim's six ochred rodsMorobe Province, Menyamya district · Restricted
  98. KwomaEast Sepik · Restricted
  99. Kutubu amaga, invited initiatorsSouthern Highlands · Restricted
  100. LaksNew Ireland · Restricted
  101. Biliva, swung over the gardensCentral Province / Kairuku Hiri District / Lala (Nara) area · Weather / fertility magic
  102. Maclay CoastMadang · Restricted
  103. MaipkaWestern Highlands · Restricted
  104. Imunu viki, the weeping spiritPurari delta (Maipua), Gulf · Restricted
  105. Mairipepia wooden rhombeGulf Province / Mairipepia village · Function not recorded
  106. MaisinNorthern · Function not recorded
  107. Mali Baining bullroarers, Iwon (Bateson, 1928)East New Britain / Gazelle Peninsula / Iwon · Sacred / spirit
  108. Manam Island (incl. Dugulaba)Madang · Restricted
  109. Rirangode, the Masingara SosomWestern Province (near Daru) · Restricted
  110. Massim pair, cords still attachedMassim region · Function not recorded
  111. Lupranggina, the roar that cries pigMato (Nengaya) villages, north coast of the Huon Peninsula, Morobe Province · Restricted
  112. Mawai (Waria watershed)Mawai (Waria watershed) · Restricted
  113. Mekeo tabu-proclamation bull-roarerCentral Province / Mekeo District · Sacred / spirit
  114. MengenEast New Britain · Restricted
  115. Menya roarer and the pierced septumMenyamya district / Angan language region · Restricted
  116. Middle Sepik fishtail bullroarerMiddle Sepik · Function not recorded
  117. Widaro kamoa, the spirit itselfMoando-Sprachgebiet, NE New Guinea (Madang hinterland) · Sacred / spirit
  118. MoripiGulf · Restricted
  119. MöwehafenWest New Britain · Restricted
  120. MundugumorEast Sepik · Restricted
  121. Murik / Kaup / KerauEast Sepik · Restricted
  122. NakanaiWest New Britain · Play / practical
  123. NalikNew Ireland · Function not recorded
  124. Namau "Imunu Viki" bullroarer, Baroi RiverGulf Province / Purari Delta / Naman District / Baroi River / Ukiaravi · Restricted
  125. NasioiBougainville · Restricted
  126. Meyang, the clan roarers of BimadbnBimadbn (Bimadeben) village, Morehead district, South Fly District, Western Province (Trans-Fly) · Sacred / spirit
  127. New Britain fish-head pairNew Britain (museum attribution uncertain) · Function not recorded
  128. Thirteen unprovenanced New Guinea bladesPapuan Gulf (by style); locality unrecorded · Function not recorded
  129. Blade with a white-filled head motifNew Guinea; locality unrecorded · Function not recorded
  130. New Hanover (incl. Tungak, Lavongai)New Ireland · Function not recorded
  131. NgaingMadang · Restricted
  132. NiauraEast Sepik · Restricted
  133. Bolomana, the bullroarer court of SibomaSiboma village, south coast of the Huon Gulf, Huon District, Morobe Province · Restricted
  134. Nungon first-harvest bullroarer, Uruwa valleyUruwa River valley / Kabwum District, Morobe Province · Sacred / spirit
  135. OrokaivaNorthern · Restricted
  136. Orokaiva bullroarer, Kokoda DistrictBritish New Guinea / North Division / Kokoda District · Restricted
  137. OrokoloGulf · Restricted
  138. Four-holed Papuan Gulf gope cult boardGulf Province · Sacred / spirit
  139. Mongemonge twin SchwirrhölzerMongemonge, east of Rein Bay / West New Britain · Function not recorded
  140. Arrow-headed blade with mirrored figurePapua New Guinea, locality unrecorded · Function not recorded
  141. Umeretengteng twin SchwirrhölzerUmeretengteng / West New Britain · Function not recorded
  142. Pororan IslandBougainville · Restricted
  143. Port Moresby Papan house emblem and child's bullroarerPort Moresby, British New Guinea · Sacred / spirit
  144. PurariGulf · Restricted
  145. Kaimari Island Purari spirit-voice bullroarerKaimari Island / Port Romilly / Gulf Province · Sacred / spirit
  146. Ramuaina / Duke of York IslandEast New Britain · Restricted
  147. RaoMadang · Function not recorded
  148. Ruk Ruk northern Bougainville warning bullroarerNorthern Bougainville · Restricted
  149. Duka’ yungalu, the bird’s callEastern Highlands (people and place names pseudonymized) · Sacred / spirit
  150. Sawos roarer of the men's houseTorembi, East Sepik · Function not recorded
  151. Sepa communal bullroarerSepa village / Bogia District / Madang Province · Sacred / spirit
  152. Crocodile-headed Sepik blade with handleSepik region (museum attribution uncertain) · Function not recorded
  153. SepoeGulf · Restricted
  154. SerangMadang · Function not recorded
  155. Siassi IslandsMorobe · Restricted
  156. SioMorobe · Restricted
  157. Sirorata sova, the hooded initiatesOro Province / Sirorata · Restricted
  158. Sissano's metre-long giantSissano villages, Aitape coast, West Sepik (former German New Guinea) · Function not recorded
  159. SiwaiBougainville · Function not recorded
  160. Solos roarer, voice of the urarBuka Island, Autonomous Re · Sacred / spirit
  161. Sorang sapana, silent old voiceSorang village, Rai Coast, Madang Province · Restricted
  162. SulkaEast New Britain · Restricted
  163. Kapunimutzimburi of the Tabar IslandsTabar Islands (Simberi, Tatau, Big Tabar), off north-east New Ireland, New Ireland Province / former German New Guinea (Neu-Mecklenburg) · Function not recorded
  164. Tairora bullroarer male-spirit declarationEastern Highlands / Anga-Eastern Highlands men's cult zone · Restricted
  165. TamiMorobe · Restricted
  166. Tanga tangalop bullroarer size gradesTanga Islands (Boang, Malendok, Lif, Tefa) / New Ireland Province / former German New Guinea · Restricted
  167. TapenMadang · Restricted
  168. Tarawai IslandEast Sepik · Restricted
  169. Tandaravakwe, borrowed voice of TambuanGazelle Peninsula, New Britain · Restricted
  170. Awaiama and TaupotaMilne Bay · Sacred / spirit
  171. Titans (incl. M'bunai, Rambutyo Island & Mouk)Manus · Function not recorded
  172. Toaripi (Motumotu)Gulf · Restricted
  173. TolaiEast New Britain · Play / practical
  174. TopuraMilne Bay · Restricted
  175. TubulamoCentral · Function not recorded
  176. Nine named rubu of UaripiGulf Province / Uaripi village / Kerema District · Restricted
  177. Umboi, the spirit’s visible tongueMorobe · Restricted
  178. Urama kaiaimunu, voices and mothersGulf Province (Urama Island) · Restricted
  179. Uramot Baining salek bullroarers (Bateson, New Britain)East New Britain / Gazelle Peninsula / Latramat-Kainagunen · Restricted
  180. UtuwalaMilne Bay · Function not recorded
  181. Vanimo (incl. Warimo, Wutung and Yako)West Sepik · Function not recorded
  182. Waffa flutes and roarer togetherEastern Family language region · Restricted
  183. WaimaCentral · Restricted
  184. WamparMorobe · Function not recorded
  185. WapeiWest Sepik · Function not recorded
  186. Wapo-EraGulf · Function not recorded
  187. A spirit's voice at circumcision festivalsFrench Islands (Französische Inseln), German New Guinea; now the Vitu / Witu Islands, West New Britain Province · Restricted
  188. Bullroarers that banned the chestnut harvestEast Sepik · Restricted
  189. Wojokeso roarer shown at septum-piercingSafeyoka/Ampale language orbit · Restricted
  190. Five slides of the bullroarer's swingEast Sepik / Wosera · Restricted
  191. Yagwoia roarer for boys and dogsAngan language region · Restricted
  192. Yimar (Korowori)Upper Korowori (Karawari) River, East Sepik · Restricted
  193. Kanim with its nostril and mouthWestern Province (Muyu/Ok Tedi · Restricted
  194. Yopno ancestor and traditional-law bullroarerMadang Province / Rai Coast District / Teptep, upper Yupna Valley · Sacred / spirit
  195. YupnoNokopo village, Finisterre Range, Madang Province · Restricted
  196. Zia bullroarer sounded at initiationMorobe · Restricted

Paraguay 1

  1. Nivaclé pale Chaco bladeGuachalla, Pilcomayo region · Play / practical

Paraguay; Bolivia 1

  1. Ayoreo palo zumbador, one of threeChaco Boreal · Play / practical

Peru 14

  1. Aguano, Lamisto and Tschamikuro toy bullroarersNortheastern Peru · Play / practical
  2. Aymara child's bull-roarer, ChucuitoChucuito, Puno — northwestern Lake Titicaca basin · Play / practical
  3. Campa meromero jaguar bullroarerPerené-Tambo drainages, Selva Central montaña (Tessmann's Kampa area) · Play / practical
  4. Cashinahua spear-point asuUpper Purús/Juruá · Function not recorded
  5. Chapra / Shapra palo zumbador Morona basinPushaga-Sicuanga tributaries of the Morona River · Play / practical
  6. Huitoto Peruvian Amazon feather bullroarerPeruvian Amazon / Loreto · Play / practical
  7. Kashibo taī, the voice of thunderNortheastern Peru · Restricted
  8. Koto wigo toyNortheastern Peru · Play / practical
  9. Matsigenka roarers made for childrenUrubamba River, Ucayali · Sacred / spirit
  10. Ancon perforated bone lathsc. 200 BC–AD 1550 · Lima Region / Ancon necropolis (no period assigned) · Function not recorded
  11. Nomatsigenga palo zumbador PangoaPangoa and Sonomoro valleys, Satipo, Junin (Selva Central montana) · Function not recorded
  12. Panobo reo reo toyNortheastern Peru · Play / practical
  13. Shipibo-Conibo palo zumbador YarinacochaYarinacocha / Ucayali · Function not recorded
  14. Three Vicús stone buzzing plaquesc. 500 BC–AD 400 · Piura region / far north coast; Vicús culture area · Function not recorded

Peru; Brazil 1

  1. Omagua former child-frightening bullroarerNortheastern Peru / Upper Amazon · Play / practical

Peru; Colombia 1

  1. Bora tsíxtsi children's toyNorthwestern Amazon / Peru · Play / practical

Philippines 4

  1. Bontoc wedwed violent-death bullroarerMountain Province, Luzon · Sacred / spirit
  2. Ifugao wiwiw bullroarerNorthern Luzon / Eastern Lepanto / Northern Nueva Vizcaya · Play / practical
  3. Sagada (Northern Kankanay / Lepanto-Bontok Igorot)Sagada, western Mountain Province, Cordillera Central, northern Luzon (Northern Kankanay / former Lepanto territory) · Play / practical
  4. Tinguian Patoc pabilbil bullroarerAbra / Patoc / Luzon · Play / practical

Poland 2

  1. Ratzebuhr Schwirrholz survivalRatzebuhr / Kreis Neustettin / Hinterpommern / modern Okonek · Play / practical
  2. West Prussia Marienwerder SchwirrholzWest Prussia · Play / practical

Poland / Ukraine 1

  1. Galicia San River bzik bullroarerGalicia / San River · Play / practical

Portugal 1

  1. Portugal zunas harvest tabooPortugal · Play / practical

Republic of the Congo 5

  1. Bembe (Babembe)Bouenza / Mouyondzi plateau (Lower-Congo cluster) · Play / practical
  2. Bongo bamboo-midrib bullroarer pairKongo-Brazzaville / French Equatorial Africa (no locality recorded) · Sacred / spirit
  3. Kota burnt-pattern bullroarerKongo-Brazzaville / French Equatorial Africa (no locality recorded) · Sacred / spirit
  4. Kuyu / Kouyou Ngwé bullroarer, KouyougandzaKouyougandza / Cuvette · Play / practical
  5. Teke (Bateke)Batéké Plateau · Restricted

Romania 5

  1. Cuina Turcului decorated antler plaquec. 12,700–11,000 cal BC · Iron Gates / Danube Gorges; Cuina Turcului rockshelter, Dubova, Mehedinti · Function not recorded
  2. Arad Maros zúgattyú bullroarerArad / Maros (Mures) embankment · Play / practical
  3. Torda bungatytyu shingle bullroarerTorda (Turda), Torda-Aranyos county, Transylvania · Play / practical
  4. Bucesti trench bullroarer, July 1917Siret front, Galati county · Play / practical
  5. Esztelnek Székely surrogtató bullroarerCovasna / Esztelnek (Estelnic) · Play / practical

Russia 23

  1. Amur master's bullroarer (Nikolai Nikolaevich U, 2005)Amur basin / Khabarovsk krai · Play / practical
  2. Devil's Gate nephrite blades, two cord-wornc. 5750–4750 BC · Primorsky Krai, Dalnegorsk district, Russia; Chertovy Vorota (Devil's Gate) cave, Rudnaya culture (c. 5050–4550 BC) · Function not recorded
  3. Chukchi vyutkunen storm howlerChukotka / northeastern Siberia · Weather / fertility magic
  4. Eliseevichi engraved ivory plaquesc. 19,000–13,000 BC · Sudost' valley, Desna basin, Bryansk Oblast (Oryol Oblast in 1935) · Function not recorded
  5. Enets posi / vyrvyr wind-calling whirlerTaimyr / lower Yenisei (forest and tundra Enets) · Weather / fertility magic
  6. Even owl-speaking bullroarer North AsiaEast Siberia / northern Yakutia · Sacred / spirit
  7. Amur Evenki wind-summoning rotated aerophoneAmur basin (Priamurye), Russian Far East · Weather / fertility magic
  8. Itelmen Kovran Tigil plate-on-string aerophoneWestern Kamchatka / Kovran and Tigil · Function not recorded
  9. Khanty vot vokhty asking-for-wind whirler (Kazym)Kazym river, Beloyarsky district, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug; dialect terms also from the Salym, Vakh-Vasyugan and Surgut Khanty · Weather / fertility magic
  10. Kildin Sámi navv’t beast-howlerMurmansk Oblast / Kola Peninsula · Function not recorded
  11. Kondon nephrite blesny / Lower Amur slat-lurec. 3350–3050 BC · Kondon / Kondon-Pochta, Lower Amur, Khabarovsk Krai · Function not recorded
  12. Mal'ta engraved ivory plaque (churinga analogy)c. 22,000–17,000 BC · Irkutsk Oblast, River Belaya; Mal'ta–Buret' culture (Gravettian-age) · Function not recorded
  13. Mansi Shchekurya wind-calling flying boardKhanty-Mansi / Yugra / Berezovsky District · Weather / fertility magic
  14. Novgorod tanged whirring laths13th–14th centuries AD · Novgorod the Great (Sophia and Trade sides) · Function not recorded
  15. Nenets northwest Siberia ritual bullroarerNorthwest Siberia · Sacred / spirit
  16. Nganasan biakhery wind howlerTaimyr Peninsula / Avam tundra · Weather / fertility magic
  17. Novopokrovka nephrite slat-luresc. 5000–3000 BC · Middle Amur / Amur Oblast; Novopokrovka or Novopokrovskoe route · Function not recorded
  18. Sakha isiirer swung hummerCentral Yakutia · Play / practical
  19. Sakha kuurt / kyugyunei whirrer, Gurvich collection (Zhilinda)Olenek ulus, northwestern Yakutia · Play / practical
  20. Siberian Eskimo eïnètkoutchin bullroarerChukotka / northeastern Siberia · Play / practical
  21. Teleut herders' swung gudelki (Sheikin school)Bekovo area, Kemerovo Oblast (Teleut homeland, south Siberia) · Play / practical
  22. Tuvan khirilee performance bullroarerTuva · Play / practical
  23. Mongol/Tuvan jada rain-stone bullroarerTuva / Soyot and Mongol-Inner Asian jada-zada complex · Weather / fertility magic

Samoa 1

  1. Samoa lango mumu leaf toy bullroarerSamoan Islands · Play / practical

Senegal 4

  1. Bassari akotikotiEtyolo, Kedougou · Restricted
  2. Nyandemém, the slave of GindamRestricted
  3. Ngarankulo, the lodge's night demonPakao, Sédhiou region (Middle Casamance) · Restricted
  4. Ndut (Sereer) gum paxa funerary bullroarer, PambalArrondissement de Pambal, Departement de Tivaouane, Region de Thies · Sacred / spirit

Serbia 2

  1. Torzsa (Savino Selo) zúgó / WindbrummerBácska (Bács-Bodrog county), Kingdom of Hungary · Play / practical
  2. Vlasac wooden bullroarerc. 6300–5200 BC · Vlasac / Iron Gates (Đerdap), Danube Gorge · Function not recorded

Sierra Leone 2

  1. SherbroSherbro Island, Bonthe District · Restricted
  2. Timne cane bullroarer, MabumNorthern Province / Mabum · Restricted

Slovakia 1

  1. Slovak Malaczka-area toy SchwirrholzWest slope of the Little Carpathians around Malaczka (now Malacky) · Play / practical

Slovenia 9

  1. Koper el volo bullroarerCapodistria / Koper, Istria · Play / practical
  2. Postojna bullroarerPostumia / Postojna, Carniola · Play / practical
  3. Piran rullo bullroarerPirano / Piran, Istria · Play / practical
  4. Divje Babe perforated jaw fragmentc. 88,000–68,000 BC · Cerkno / Idrijca valley, western Slovenia · Function not recorded
  5. Mala Triglavca bone fish brnivkac. 10,000–5500 BC · Kras (Karst) plateau / Divača · Function not recorded
  6. Potočka perforated bone pointc. 33,000 BC · Potočka zijalka / eastern Karawanks · Function not recorded
  7. Potočka perforated rib fragmentc. 35,000–31,000 BC · Potočka zijalka / eastern Karawanks · Function not recorded
  8. Potočka perforated mandiblec. 33,000 BC · Potočka zijalka / eastern Karawanks · Function not recorded
  9. Slovenia brnivka bullroarerSlovenia · Play / practical

Solomon Islands 3

  1. Matahenua hakatangikugu, the rain-summonerMatahenua, Bellona Island (Mungiki), Rennell and Bellona Province · Weather / fertility magic
  2. Florida Solomon Islands Matambala buroRestricted
  3. Pino, the Gilbertese magic roarerSikaiana atoll, Malaita Province · Sacred / spirit

South Africa 12

  1. !goin!goin bull-roarer of the Kalahari San (Kirby collection)Southern Kalahari (Gordonia district, Northern Cape), around Twee Rivieren · Sacred / spirit
  2. |Xam !goin !goin bee-control bullroarerNorthern Cape / |Xam Bushman source region · Weather / fertility magic
  3. Doring River rock-art bullroarer playersAt least 2,000 years old · Cederberg / Doring River valley · Sacred / spirit
  4. Johannesburg sandstorm bullroarerJohannesburg / Witwatersrand, Transvaal Colony · Play / practical
  5. Xhosa / Amakosa nodiwu bullroarerRestricted
  6. Korana burubush, swung by its cordMiddle Orange River (!Kora country) · Play / practical
  7. KwaZulu-Natal carved bullroarerKwaZulu/Natal · Sacred / spirit
  8. Lovedu 'seizing of the lion'Bolobedu, the Rain-Queen's realm (Limpopo) · Restricted
  9. Matjes River pear-shaped bone bullroarerc. 7630–3450 BC · Southern Cape / Matjes River mouth near Keurboomstrand (Plettenberg Bay) · Function not recorded
  10. Orange Springs painted trance-dance bullroarerc. 1000 BC–AD 1906 · Eastern Free State / Caledon River valley near Modderpoort and Ladybrand · Sacred / spirit
  11. Pedi kgabududu of girls' initiationTransvaal (Sekhukhuneland, Limpopo) · Restricted
  12. Venda luvuva, play and initiationVenda (Vhembe, northern Limpopo) · Restricted

South Sudan 2

  1. Dinka wuid, the field guardUpper Nile / White Nile · Play / practical
  2. Shilluk iron roarers, swung by boysWest bank of the White Nile (Shilluk kingdom) · Play / practical

Spain 21

  1. Aitzbitarte IV cavec. 13,000–9000 BC · Magdalenian Cantabrian (Errenteria, Gipuzkoa) · Sacred / spirit
  2. Aizkoltxo engraved rib plaquec. 12,840–12,160 BC · Aizkoltxo Cave / Mendaro / Gipuzkoa · Function not recorded
  3. Altamira cave bramaderac. 22,000–17,000 BC · Cantabria / Altamira; advanced Solutrean or Magdalenian attribution debated · Function not recorded
  4. Bolinkoba cavec. 15,000–9000 BC · Magdalenian Cantabrian (Abadiño, Bizkaia) · Sacred / spirit
  5. Carballedo Lugo zoadeira bullroarerGalicia / Lugo / Carballedo · Play / practical
  6. Artajona shoe-polish-tin zumbaderasArtajona / Navarra · Play / practical
  7. Riojan zorrumbaLa Rioja · Play / practical
  8. Ciudad Rodrigo slate zumbaderaTierra de Ciudad Rodrigo / Salamanca · Play / practical
  9. El Valle cave zumbaderac. 13,000–9500 BC · Cantabria / Rasines; Upper Magdalenian level · Function not recorded
  10. Tito Bustillo rib spatulac. 15,800–15,400 BC · Asturias / Ribadesella / Ardines · Function not recorded
  11. El Cierro perforated plaquec. 18,000–16,500 BC · Asturias / Ribadesella / Fresno (Fresnu) · Function not recorded
  12. El Juyo fusiform bone fragmentc. 15,450–13,920 BC · El Juyo Cave / Cantabria · Function not recorded
  13. El Pendo Magdalenian bramaderac. 15,000–9000 BC · Cueva de El Pendo, Cantabria; Magdalenian attribution debated within the corpus · Function not recorded
  14. La Paloma cave Magdalenian bramaderac. 15,000–12,000 BC · Asturias / Soto de Las Regueras; Middle Magdalenian · Function not recorded
  15. León zumbador (bramadera)Leon / Castilla y Leon · Play / practical
  16. Llonín bone plaquec. 15,000–12,000 BC · Llonín Cave / Asturias · Function not recorded
  17. Navarre-Basque-Aragon brunzidorNavarre / Basque Country / Aragon · Play / practical
  18. Roncal Valley shepherdsEastern Navarre pastoral · Play / practical
  19. Extremaduran zumbaeraExtremadura / Ahigal, Cáceres · Function not recorded
  20. Burgos–Santander rutaderaProvinces of Burgos and Santander / Cantabria · Function not recorded
  21. Molina zorrumbaSeñorío de Molina / Guadalajara · Play / practical

Sri Lanka 2

  1. Sinhalese runa procession toyCeylon · Play / practical
  2. Sinhalese runa whirring toyCeylon (Colombo, Anuradhapura) · Play / practical

Sudan 2

  1. Katla goung, wood for girls, iron for the kujurNuba Mountains, South Kordofan (Dilling / Salara area) · Restricted
  2. Masakin (Mesakin, Nuba)South Kordofan · Play / practical

Suriname; French Guiana; Brazil 1

  1. Oayana (Wayana) yolok eu calabash bullroarerLitani, Paloemeu-Tapanahoni, Jari and Paru borderlands · Sacred / spirit

Suriname; Guyana; French Guiana 1

  1. Carib Wun-wun medicine-man bullroarerGuiana / Circum-Caribbean · Restricted

Sweden 3

  1. Luleå River Sámi Biei've Niila bull-roarer cave narrativeBASSEUK'SA / GANIIUK'SA, Small Lule River / Tarrekaise sacred-site narrative · Sacred / spirit
  2. Lund Helgonabacken bone vinareUndated · Lund / Skåne · Play / practical
  3. Scania Sweden bat-attracting bullroarer magicScania / Skåne · Sacred / spirit

Sweden / Norway (Finnskogen belt) 1

  1. Forest Finn seäntikku toyVärmland–Hedmark Finnskogen (Forest Finn settlement belt) · Play / practical

Switzerland 2

  1. Basel (Switzerland) fair bull-roarerBasel, Switzerland · Play / practical
  2. Swiss firlifurli / Schnurre, Ticino nameTicino / Switzerland-wide folk tradition · Play / practical

Taiwan 5

  1. Amis bnbn toy and bird-scarer bullroarerCiwidiyan / Shuilian, Shoufeng Township, Hualien · Play / practical
  2. Puyuma childhood bullroarer, KatratripulrKatratripulr (Zhiben), Taitung · Play / practical
  3. Sakizaya berber bullroarer, Guo Fu CommunityGuo Fu Community / Hualien City · Play / practical
  4. Cardboard toy-aircraft bullroarer, TainanTainan · Play / practical
  5. Tsou euvuvu bullroarer warning signalCentral Mountain Range / Alishan-Tsou area · Weather / fertility magic

Tanzania 4

  1. Chagga humming board, a lion for crying childrenSouthern slopes of Kilimanjaro (Kilimanjaro Region) · Play / practical
  2. Wapare ngurunguru (mshitu initiation)Pare Mountains · Restricted
  3. Unjika highland toy bullroarerUnjika highland / historic Rukwa district · Play / practical
  4. Rovuma roarer among the unyago toysLindi hinterland and Rovuma valley (Lindi / Mtwara regions) · Function not recorded

Thailand 4

  1. Jalor (Yala) MalaysPatani region, Kampong Jalor (Yala, S. Thailand) · Play / practical
  2. Baling, the whirling fishing-rod rigPattani, lower Siam (Malay coast) · Play / practical
  3. Southern Lisu forest-spirit bullroarer, northern ThailandNorthern Thailand / eastern Shan Southern Lisu dialect range · Sacred / spirit
  4. Thai-Lue children's pipe-bundle bullroarer, PhaedPhaed Village, Chiengkham District (then Chiengrai Province), North Thailand · Play / practical

The Gambia 1

  1. Ngarankulo beneath the kankurang's criesBrikama, West Coast Region · Restricted

Timor-Leste 1

  1. Makasae (Makasai)Baguia, Baucau District, East Timor · Function not recorded

Togo 1

  1. Atakpamé painted Yoruba bladeGerman Togoland (central plateau, Atakpame country); modern central Togo · Function not recorded

Turkey 12

  1. Afshar vanvanı, caller of the south windTomarza district, Kayseri province · Weather / fertility magic
  2. Anitkaya (Egret) firildakAfyonkarahisar · Play / practical
  3. Toothed bullroarers from Aziziye Köyü, BurdurBurdur / Aziziye Koyu · Play / practical
  4. Boncuklu Tarla figured bone plaque (Kemik Plak 3)c. 8550–8300 BC · Upper Tigris / Dargeçit, Mardin province, southeastern Anatolia · Function not recorded
  5. Bullroarer (fırıldak), Çakmak Köyü, EdirneEdirne / Cakmak Koyu · Play / practical
  6. Çatalhöyük Building 52 antler bullroarerc. 6700–6500 BC · Konya Plain / Central Anatolia · Function not recorded
  7. Çatalhöyük Building 59 antler pendantc. 6610–6250 BC · Konya Plain / Central Anatolia · Function not recorded
  8. Turkish toothed bullroarers, Eldivan (fırıldak)Cankiri / Eldivon · Play / practical
  9. Göbekli Tepe decorated bone spatulaec. 9500–8000 BC · Pre-Pottery Neolithic southeastern Anatolia · Function not recorded
  10. Hasankeyf Höyük elongated bone plaquec. 9600–8800 BC · Upper Tigris / Batman region · Function not recorded
  11. Körtik Tepe decorated perforated bone plaquesc. 10,400–9300 BC · Upper Tigris / southeastern Anatolia · Function not recorded
  12. Phrygian Cybele / Mt DindymonPhrygia / Mysia (Cyzicus region; Hellenistic aetiology) · Sacred / spirit

Uganda 2

  1. Sebei lion, seized in the darkMount Elgon, northern escarpment (Kapchorwa / Kween / Bukwo) · Restricted
  2. Uganda wooden toy bullroarerUganda · Play / practical

Ukraine 3

  1. Bzowica 'airplane game' bullroarerTernopil oblast / former Tarnopol voivodeship · Play / practical
  2. Ukraine's phantom oldest bullroarerc. 17,000 BC · Ukraine, site not specified by Gregor · Function not recorded
  3. Ukrainian furkalo garden roarer (Volyn)Volyn / Kovel · Play / practical

United Kingdom 28

  1. Balham boy-made bullroarerBalham, Surrey (now London) · Play / practical
  2. North-east Ireland boomer bullroarerNorth-east Ireland · Play / practical
  3. East Derbyshire bummer bullroarerEast Derbyshire / England · Play / practical
  4. English country-boys bullroarer toyEngland · Play / practical
  5. English folk bullroarer, Suffolk (Lovett collection, NMAH)Suffolk, England · Play / practical
  6. Ashdown Forest English Hummer bullroarerEast Sussex / Ashdown Forest · Play / practical
  7. Bedford whizzing-stick bullroarerBedfordshire / Bedford · Play / practical
  8. Bristol carved bullroarerBristol · Play / practical
  9. Chichester Whizzing blade bullroarer pairWest Sussex / Chichester · Play / practical
  10. Clanfield serrated bullroarerOxfordshire / Clanfield · Play / practical
  11. Duxford Cambridgeshire serrated bullroarerCambridgeshire / Duxford · Play / practical
  12. Hemsby Norfolk Buzzer bullroarerNorfolk / Hemsby · Play / practical
  13. Ickleton Cambridgeshire Buzzer bullroarerCambridgeshire / Ickleton · Play / practical
  14. Needingworth Roaring bull bullroarerCambridgeshire / Needingworth · Play / practical
  15. St Paul's Parish Norwich Buzzer bullroarersNorfolk / Norwich / St Paul's Parish · Play / practical
  16. Nottingham notched bullroarerNottinghamshire / Nottingham · Play / practical
  17. Otterbourne copper bullroarerHampshire / Otterbourne near Winchester · Function not recorded
  18. Oxfordshire blade-and-stick pairOxfordshire, England · Play / practical
  19. St Ives bullroarer and Buzzer pairCambridgeshire / St Ives · Play / practical
  20. Tewkesbury whizzing stick bullroarerGloucestershire / Tewkesbury · Play / practical
  21. Woodbastwick Norfolk bullroarerNorfolk / Woodbastwick · Play / practical
  22. Cambridgeshire cattle-driving bullroarerCambridgeshire / Gamlingay or Over · Play / practical
  23. Glenviggan thunder-spadec. 200 BC–AD 65 · Glenviggan townland, Six Towns, Co. Londonderry, Northern Ireland · Function not recorded
  24. Montgomeryshire Wales remembered roarerMontgomeryshire / Wales · Play / practical
  25. Pin Hole Cave's mistaken bull-roarerc. 32,000–20,000 BC · Creswell Crags / Derbyshire · Function not recorded
  26. Scotland thunder-spell bullroarerScotland · Weather / fertility magic
  27. Thunner-spehl, whirled against thunderboltsScotland · Weather / fertility magic
  28. Torksey bone roarerc. AD 800–1000 · Torksey Viking Camp / Lincolnshire · Function not recorded

United Kingdom (Scotland) 1

  1. Argyllshire srannairArgyllshire (W Highlands); also seen in use in Edinburgh · Play / practical

United States 183

  1. Achomawi mountain-sheep-horn bullroarerUpper Pit River drainage and the western slopes of the Warner Range, northeastern California · Weather / fertility magic
  2. Sikyatki grave pahoBefore 1540 AD · Arizona / Tusayan / Navajo County · Function not recorded
  3. Mesa Verde Ruin 14 bone bullroarerc. 1150–1300 AD · Wetherill Mesa, Mesa Verde, Colorado · Function not recorded
  4. Pueblo del Arroyo elk-bone bullroarerc. 1065–1150 AD · Pueblo del Arroyo / Chaco Canyon / undated within site · Weather / fertility magic
  5. Salmon Pueblo turquoise-and-hematite mosaic bullroarerc. 1090–1280 AD · Salmon Pueblo / San Juan County, New Mexico / mixed Chacoan and San Juan context · Function not recorded
  6. Antarianunts Southern Paiute bullroarerHenry Mountains, Garfield County, Utah · Function not recorded
  7. Apache San Carlos tzi-ditindi sounding woodSan Carlos Agency, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  8. Arapaho toy or wind bullroarerGreat Plains / Arapaho · Play / practical
  9. Ash Meadows Southern Paiute bullroarerAsh Meadows, Amargosa Valley, Nye County, Nevada · Function not recorded
  10. Atsa (Fort McDermitt) wimo'to snow-melting bullroarerQuinn River drainage, northern Nevada · Weather / fertility magic
  11. Atsugewi Hat Creek children's bullroarerHat Creek and Dixie Valley · Play / practical
  12. Birnirk site baleen bull-roarers (Ford 1959)c. 500–900 AD · Piġniq (Birnirk site), near Utqiaġvik, Alaska · Play / practical
  13. Bohogue Shoshoni wiipunonohwi at Fort HallSnake River plain about Fort Hall, southeastern Idaho · Weather / fertility magic
  14. Bristol Bay bull-roarer (Penn 18400)Bristol Bay, Alaska · Play / practical
  15. Carter Ranch bone bow guardc. 950–1200 AD · Hay Hollow Valley / Little Colorado drainage, Apache County, Arizona · Function not recorded
  16. Bowers Cave cache of twelve roarersc. AD 1150–1800 · California / Los Angeles County / Castaic Cave · Sacred / spirit
  17. Yen' wihəre, wind turnsSouth Carolina Piedmont · Play / practical
  18. Reese River and Smoky Valley Shoshoni bullroarerGreat Smoky Valley, Smith Creek Valley, Reese River and Ione Valley, Nye and Lander counties, central Nevada · Function not recorded
  19. Chandalar storm-turning bullroarerAlaska / East Fork Chandalar and upper Sheenjek drainages · Weather / fertility magic
  20. Chemehuevi (Southern Paiute)Eastern Mojave Desert and Chemehuevi Valley along the lower Colorado River (southeastern California / western Arizona) · Weather / fertility magic
  21. Chetco bull-roarerChetco River, Curry County, Oregon · Play / practical
  22. Tzi-ditindi, cut from lightning-struck pineArizona · Weather / fertility magic
  23. Chugach spring bullroarersPrince William Sound, Alaska · Weather / fertility magic
  24. Cibecue roarer sounded in the openCibecue Creek, east-central Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  25. A roarer cut from manzanitaDry Creek / Cloverdale, Sonoma County, California · Function not recorded
  26. Coast Miwok bullroarerCentral California coast · Sacred / spirit
  27. Coast YukiPacific coast of Mendocino County, roughly the Noyo River north to the Sinkyone boundary (Westport–Usal heartland), northern California · Weather / fertility magic
  28. Coeur d'Alene bull-roarerLake Coeur d'Alene, northern Idaho · Play / practical
  29. Comanche yuane 'warm wind' medicine bullroarerComancheria / southwestern Oklahoma · Sacred / spirit
  30. Coso Animal Master figureBefore c. AD 1300 · Coso Range Rock Art Complex, China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station, eastern California (Inyo/Kern county line) · Sacred / spirit
  31. Cupeño assembly-signal bullroarerCalifornia · Sacred / spirit
  32. Deep Creek Goshute toy bullroarerDeep Creek Valley / Ibapah, western Utah, edge of the Great Salt Lake Desert · Play / practical
  33. Desert Cahuilla assembly bullroarer (Tuva)Tuva / Fish Springs, Salton Sink, Southern California · Sacred / spirit
  34. Diegueño assembly bullroarerCalifornia / Baja borderlands · Restricted
  35. Dividing Point, Alaska antler bullroarer, Yale PeabodyAlaska / Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area / Dividing Point · Function not recorded
  36. Eastern Achomawi shamans' bone bullroarerWest's Valley and Alturas, upper Pit River country, northeastern California · Weather / fertility magic
  37. Eastern Cherokee Birdtown children's bullroarerNorth Carolina / Qualla Boundary / Birdtown · Play / practical
  38. A death omen on the cordTohatchi, New Mexico · Sacred / spirit
  39. Eastern Nevada Shoshoni wunzivuHamilton (White Pine Range), Ely (Steptoe Valley) and Spring Valley, White Pine County, eastern Nevada · Play / practical
  40. Eastern Shoshone bull-roarer swung to bring a thawWind River country, western Wyoming (Wind River Reservation) · Weather / fertility magic
  41. The clown announces the ganWhite River and Fort Apache country, east-central Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  42. Elk Hills cemetery bullroarer fragment (CA-KER-116)c. 1780–1818 AD · Buena Vista Lake, Kern County, California · Function not recorded
  43. Elko and Battle Mountain Shoshoni wind bullroarerElko and Battle Mountain, Humboldt River, Nevada · Weather / fertility magic
  44. Fish Springs Northern Paiute wooden toy bullroarerFish Springs, Owens Valley, Inyo County, California · Play / practical
  45. Foothill Yokuts himhimna, doctor's tool and playthingSierra Nevada foothills from Coarse Gold Creek and the Fresno River south across the Kings, Kaweah and Tule rivers to Poso Creek; Madera, Fresno, Tulare and Kern counties, California · Sacred / spirit
  46. Fort McDowell Yavapai medicine and toy bullroarersFort McDowell Reservation / lower Verde River, Maricopa County, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  47. Galice Creek bull-roarerGalice Creek, Rogue River, Josephine County, Oregon · Play / practical
  48. The feathered Gosiute whirrer of Skull ValleySkull Valley, west of the Great Salt Lake, Utah · Weather / fertility magic
  49. Groom Range nailed-board roarerc. AD 1865–1930 · Groom Range, Lincoln County, Nevada (southern Great Basin), on the Southern Paiute - Western Shoshone boundary · Function not recorded
  50. Gros Ventre toy bullroarerNorthern Plains · Play / practical
  51. Havasupai rain bullroarerGrand Canyon / Havasupai · Weather / fertility magic
  52. Hayfork Wintu storm-wind bullroarerHayfork Valley, Trinity County, northwestern California · Weather / fertility magic
  53. Hogup Cave bull-roarer, Stratum 3c. 7840–4540 BC · Hogup Mountains, Box Elder County, Utah (eastern Great Basin) · Function not recorded
  54. Honey Lake tupununoin, the wind-callerHoney Lake Valley, Lassen County, northeastern California · Weather / fertility magic
  55. Oraibi To-Wok-Kin-Pi bladeOraibi / Third Mesa, Arizona · Weather / fertility magic
  56. Hopi bullroarer, SongoopaviArizona / Hopi Reservation / Second Mesa / Songoopavi (Shongopovi) · Sacred / spirit
  57. Hopi thunder-stick bullroarer, MishongnoviArizona / Hopi Reservation / Second Mesa / Mishongnovi (Musangnuvi) · Weather / fertility magic
  58. Shipaulovi Hopi tovolpi, for dance and playSecond Mesa, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  59. Rustler Hills infant-burial bull-roarerBefore c. 1100 AD · Trans-Pecos Texas (Rustler Hills, Culberson County) · Function not recorded
  60. Chankabletuntunpi, a Lakota boy's toyNorth/South Dakota (Standing Rock) · Play / practical
  61. Hurricane Deck cave bullroarers (Santa Barbara County)Before c. AD 1770 · California / Santa Barbara County / Hurricane Deck · Function not recorded
  62. Inland Yuki thunder-voice bullroarerRound Valley, Mendocino County · Restricted
  63. Iñupiaq wolf-scarer, roots and sinewAlaska / Kotzebue Sound · Play / practical
  64. Point Hope Inupiaq wolfscarer Crossroads AlaskaAlaska / Point Hope · Play / practical
  65. Wainwright Iñupiaq Imigluktaaq bullroarerWainwright, North Slope, Alaska · Play / practical
  66. Inyo County denticulated toy bullroarerCalifornia / Inyo County · Play / practical
  67. Jemez roarer kept in silenceJemez Pueblo, New Mexico · Function not recorded
  68. Kachina Cave serrated scapulac. 3050 BC–c. AD 600 · Smith Creek Canyon, northern Snake Range, White Pine County, Nevada (eastern Great Basin) · Function not recorded
  69. Kaibab Southern Paiute notched whirrersArizona Strip / Kaibab Indian Reservation, northern Arizona · Weather / fertility magic
  70. Kalispel bull-roarerPend Oreille River, northeastern Washington · Play / practical
  71. Kamia roarer in toloache countryRincon Reservation, San Diego County, California (NMAI place field) · Function not recorded
  72. Incised Karuk bone roarerKlamath River, California · Function not recorded
  73. Kato (Cahto)Cahto Valley and Long Valley, head of the South Fork of the Eel River, near Laytonville and Branscomb, Mendocino County, northern California · Restricted
  74. Saguaro thunder roarer of the VigitaSanta Rosa Valley, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  75. Kiowa bullroarer word (Harrington 1928)Kiowa Agency / Anadarko, Oklahoma · Function not recorded
  76. Kittitas bull-roarerKittitas Valley, Yakima River, central Washington · Weather / fertility magic
  77. Klamath boy's paddle bullroarerOregon / Klamath region · Play / practical
  78. Koasati Coushatta Bel Abbey bull roarerLouisiana / Allen Parish / Bayou Blue near Elton · Play / practical
  79. Kuipa-dokado wimo'to of the Humboldt SinkLower Humboldt River and Humboldt Sink, north-central Nevada · Weather / fertility magic
  80. Kuyui-dokado wimo'toPyramid Lake and the lower Truckee River, western Nevada · Weather / fertility magic
  81. Navajo Reservoir rockshelter bullroarerc. 1500–1690 AD · New Mexico / Navajo Reservoir district (upper San Juan Basin) · Function not recorded
  82. Laguna Pueblo oyamamuts whizzerLaguna (Kawaik) Pueblo / Cibola County / New Mexico · Weather / fertility magic
  83. Lake MiwokCoyote Valley and the south end of Clear Lake, Lake County, north-central California (around present-day Middletown) · Restricted
  84. A roarer women might watchCimarron, New Mexico · Play / practical
  85. Lovelock Cave horn and wood pendantsc. 1000 BC–AD 300 · Humboldt Valley, Nevada (Great Basin; historic Northern Paiute context) · Function not recorded
  86. Luiseno assembly-signal bullroarerCalifornia · Restricted
  87. Maidu child-toy bullroarerNorthern California · Play / practical
  88. Makah Klokali wolf-ritual roarerCape Flattery, Washington · Restricted
  89. Mattaponi, the eastern seaboard exceptionVirginia / King William County · Function not recorded
  90. Mattocks bowl bullroarer scenec. 1000–1150 AD · Mimbres Valley / Grant County, New Mexico · Function not recorded
  91. Mesa Grande Diegueño bullroarerCalifornia / San Diego County / Mesa Grande Reservation · Sacred / spirit
  92. Mesa Prieta horned figureUndated · New Mexico / northern Rio Grande / Mesa Prieta · Function not recorded
  93. Moanunts Ute wind-making bullroarerSalina Canyon / upper Sevier valley, central Utah · Weather / fertility magic
  94. Blue River painted whizzerc. AD 1000–1130 · Bear Creek Cave / Blue River / upper Gila, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  95. Mohave bullroarer playthingColorado River, Arizona/California · Play / practical
  96. Mono curing bullroarerCalifornia / Great Basin · Sacred / spirit
  97. Mountain Cahuilla jimsonweed bullroarerCalifornia / Southwest · Restricted
  98. Mowataviwatsiu Ute wind-stopping bullroarerSaguache / San Luis Valley, Colorado · Weather / fertility magic
  99. Mowatci Ute wind-and-cloud bullroarerRio Grande headwaters near Conejos, Colorado, and northeastern New Mexico · Weather / fertility magic
  100. Muscogee Creek fohfokv bull-roarer gameOklahoma / Eufaula / eastern Oklahoma · Play / practical
  101. Muwu cache of three bullroarersc. 1500–1800 AD · California / Ventura County / Mugu Lagoon-Point Mugu · Sacred / spirit
  102. Nanticoke Indian River whirligig bullroarerDelaware / Sussex County / Indian River Hundred · Play / practical
  103. Hawaiian O-e-o-e wooden toy bullroarerHawaiian Islands · Play / practical
  104. Navajo shamanic curing bullroarerSouthwest · Sacred / spirit
  105. Lightning zigzag and Skatakaamcha's heartNortheastern Yavapai country, Cleator–Turkey Creek, Bradshaw Mountains, central Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  106. Bannock wupu'nonoyuwin, Fort HallFort Hall, Snake River plain, southeastern Idaho · Weather / fertility magic
  107. Northern Paiute toy-and-charm bullroarerUtah · Sacred / spirit
  108. Pa-doch, voice of Thunder manNorthern Pomo territory, upper Russian River drainage, Mendocino County, California · Restricted
  109. Four directions before the sickroomStrawberry Valley / Fossil Creek, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  110. Northern Ute wind-caller for the summer-bornUintah and Ouray Reservation / Utah · Weather / fertility magic
  111. Oglala Dakota (Pine Ridge) bull-roarer toyPine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota · Play / practical
  112. Omaha gahoota and horse thievesNebraska (Omaha territory) · Play / practical
  113. Owens Valley Paiute boys’ bullroarerOwens Valley, Inyo and Mono counties, eastern California · Play / practical
  114. Pahvant Ute toy bullroarerLower Sevier River and Sevier Lake desert / Kanosh, Utah · Play / practical
  115. Paiute toy bullroarerGreat Basin · Play / practical
  116. Pakwi-dokado wimo'to, a children's toySouthern shores of Walker Lake, Soda Spring Valley and Hawthorne, western Nevada · Play / practical
  117. Papago assembly and curing bullroarerSouthwest · Weather / fertility magic
  118. Pass Cahuilla assembly bullroarer (Palm Springs)Palm Springs / Coachella Valley, Southern California · Sacred / spirit
  119. Pecos Pueblo Kidder bull-roarerc. 1100–1540 AD · Pecos Pueblo, New Mexico · Function not recorded
  120. Penobscot serrated blade and handleOld Town (Indian Island), Maine · Function not recorded
  121. Wihoewiketeke, the red-zigzag Pima bladeFunction not recorded
  122. Point Barrow Eskimo toy bullroarerPoint Barrow, Alaska · Play / practical
  123. Pomo taboo spirit-voice and curing bullroarerCalifornia · Restricted
  124. Potter Valley Pomo Thunder Ceremony bullroarerPotter Valley / Mendocino County, California · Weather / fertility magic
  125. Quechan roarer, a recent arrivalLower Colorado River, Arizona · Play / practical
  126. Quinault toy bullroarerWashington coast · Play / practical
  127. Rappahannock blade of tidewater VirginiaVirginia · Function not recorded
  128. Rio Grande Pueblo rhombusRio Grande Pueblo region, New Mexico · Function not recorded
  129. Ruby Valley Shoshoni bullroarerRuby Valley, Elko County, northeastern Nevada · Function not recorded
  130. Saline Valley Shoshoni wooden bullroarerSaline Valley, eastern California · Play / practical
  131. Four Dilzini Gaan and the ClownSan Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona (cultural affiliation) · Sacred / spirit
  132. Five Gaan masks and their roarerSan Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  133. It came off the string twicePinal band country / San Carlos, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  134. San Juan Southern Paiute wind-stopping bullroarerNavajo Mountain country, northern Arizona / southern Utah · Weather / fertility magic
  135. Santa Cruz Island ochre-filled bone bladesc. 1400 BC–AD 300 · Santa Cruz Island / Channel Islands / California · Function not recorded
  136. Sawawaktodo-tuviwarai wind-making wimo'toMiddle Humboldt River around Winnemucca, north-central Nevada · Weather / fertility magic
  137. Serrano signal for silenceCalifornia · Restricted
  138. Eighteen inches of sotol stalkHuachuca Mountains, Arizona · Play / practical
  139. Shivwits Southern Paiute bullroarerShivwits Plateau, Arizona Strip, northwestern Arizona · Weather / fertility magic
  140. Promontory and Cache Valley newUkivo, swung for weatherPromontory Point and the lower Bear River, north shore of Great Salt Lake, and Cache Valley, northern Utah · Weather / fertility magic
  141. Sicangu Lakota Tateka yumunpi wind buzzer bullroarerSouth Dakota / Rosebud Sioux Reservation · Play / practical
  142. Sinkyone wind-control bullroarerSouth Fork Eel River / Bull Creek / Garberville region · Weather / fertility magic
  143. Bone roarer among bear caninesc. 1000–300 BC · Tennessee / Hawkins County / site 40HW44 · Function not recorded
  144. Granite Hill funerary bullroarerUndated · California / San Diego County / Granite Hill · Sacred / spirit
  145. Siuslaw bull-roarerSiuslaw River, Lane County, Oregon · Play / practical
  146. Sixes River (Kwatami) bull-roarerSixes River / Port Orford, Curry County, Oregon · Play / practical
  147. Snake River Shoshoni wind bullroarerSnake River, southern Idaho · Weather / fertility magic
  148. Southern Nevada Shoshoni mountain-sheep-horn bullroarerNorthern Death Valley (Inyo County, California); Beatty and Oasis Valley (Nye County) and Lida (Esmeralda County), Nevada · Play / practical
  149. The sickness circuit, east to northLigaishak / Mogollon Rim, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  150. "Devil-Chaser" bullroarer, St. Lawrence IslandSt. Lawrence Island, Bering Sea, Alaska Territory · Sacred / spirit
  151. Surprise Valley Paiute wind bullroarerSurprise Valley, northeastern California and Warner Valley, Oregon · Weather / fertility magic
  152. Tago-toka wind-making wimo'to of the OwyheeOwyhee River, southwestern Idaho and southeastern Oregon · Weather / fertility magic
  153. Tanaina weather-magic bullroarerAlaska / Mackenzie-Yukon edge · Weather / fertility magic
  154. Tasiget-tuviwarai wimo'to, toy and wind-makerWinnemucca and Spanish Spring valleys and the Truckee River east of Reno, western Nevada · Weather / fertility magic
  155. Taviwatsiu Ute rawhide bullroarerFront Range near Denver, Colorado (band removed to the Uintah Reservation, 1880) · Sacred / spirit
  156. Teton Dakota bull-roarer toy (Dorsey)South Dakota (Teton Lakota territory) · Play / practical
  157. Tewa San Ildefonso kiva bullroarerPueblo / Southwest · Restricted
  158. Timpanogots Ute horn-bladed bullroarerUtah Lake shores and Wasatch canyons, Utah · Sacred / spirit
  159. Tlingit hunkaya'na toy bullroarerSoutheast Alaska · Play / practical
  160. Toe-dokado wimo'to of the Carson SinkCarson Sink, Carson Lake and the lower Carson River, western Nevada · Weather / fertility magic
  161. Tolowa bull-roarerSmith River, Del Norte County, California · Play / practical
  162. Tübatulabal ku·lišt, the yucca-stalk playthingUpper Kern River and South Fork Kern River drainages, Kern River Valley, southern Sierra Nevada, Kern County, California · Play / practical
  163. Norman Plante's rawhide roarerNorth Dakota / Turtle Mountain Reservation · Function not recorded
  164. Tusayan Walpi snake-dance rhombusWalpi, Tusayan / Hopi mesas, Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  165. Tututni bull-roarerLower Rogue River, Curry County, Oregon · Play / practical
  166. Twana rain-bringing bullroarerHood Canal / Skokomish River, Puget Sound region, Washington · Play / practical
  167. Umatilla bone bullroarerColumbia Plateau, Oregon · Weather / fertility magic
  168. Upper Sacramento Wintu bullroarerUpper Sacramento River canyon, Shasta County, northern California · Play / practical
  169. Nabesna John's pole-mounted roarerAlaska / Upper Tanana River / Nabesna · Sacred / spirit
  170. Valley Maidu bullroarerSacramento Valley, vicinity of Chico, Butte County, California · Function not recorded
  171. Valley Yokuts bullroarer of storm, sickness and playSan Joaquin Valley floor from the San Joaquin River at Friant south through the lower Kings River and Tulare Lake basin to the Kern River and Tejon; Fresno, Kings, Tulare and Kern counties, California · Sacred / spirit
  172. Verde Valley cliff-dweller rhombusBefore c. 1500 AD · Verde Valley, central Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  173. Wadatika wind-making bullroarerHarney Valley and Malheur Lake, southeastern Oregon · Weather / fertility magic
  174. Washoe Thunder-stickLake Tahoe - western Nevada · Sacred / spirit
  175. Wenatchi bull-roarerWenatchee River / middle Columbia, central Washington · Weather / fertility magic
  176. It would not sound in publicLittle Colorado River / Leupp, Arizona · Restricted
  177. Black-and-red zigzags beside the GaanWhite Mountain Apache Reservation (White River and its North and East Forks), east-central Arizona · Sacred / spirit
  178. Wimönuntci Ute women's-taboo bullroarerGreat Basin / Colorado Plateau · Restricted
  179. Yosemite Valley pine bullroarersCalifornia / central Sierra Nevada / Yosemite Valley · Function not recorded
  180. Toksook Bay levlugtaqAlaska / Nelson Island, central Bering Sea coast (Yukon-Kuskokwim region) · Function not recorded
  181. Saint Michael ivory-and-hide bladeAlaska / Norton Sound · Play / practical
  182. Zia Pueblo háomomo bullroarerZia Pueblo / Sandoval County / New Mexico · Sacred / spirit
  183. Zuni ritual-warning bullroarerPueblo / Southwest · Sacred / spirit

United States (Alaska) 1

  1. Ingalik (Deg Hit'an)Deg Hit'an (Ingalik) territory, lower Yukon and Innoko rivers, Anvik-Shageluk-Holy Cross region, interior Alaska · Play / practical

Vanuatu 14

  1. Ambrym secret-society bullroarerAmbrym / New Hebrides · Restricted
  2. Araga (Pentecost), Vanuatu — tavire bua toyNew Hebrides · Play / practical
  3. Atchin ghostly-pig bullroarer voiceAtchin Island / northeast Malekula · Restricted
  4. Big Nambas bullroarer, MalekulaNorthwest Malekula / Big Nambas plateau · Restricted
  5. Lambumbu and Uerik Malekula sacred bullroarerCentral-west Malekula / Lambumbu · Restricted
  6. Maewo (Aoba), Vanuatu — tal-viv toyNew Hebrides · Play / practical
  7. Woman-slit-my-ear, the Nevinbur voiceMalekula, Vanuatu · Restricted
  8. Merlav Banks Islands mourning bullroarerSacred / spirit
  9. Mota Banks Islands nanamateaSacred / spirit
  10. Naman circumcision bullroarers (Lengaleng)Central Malekula / Lengaleng · Restricted
  11. Ambrym Womel seed-whirler pairFanla, Ambrym · Function not recorded
  12. Senbarei (Onua) temigh wumpEast Malekula / Onua · Sacred / spirit
  13. Werewere, the murdered woman's stoneBanks Islands (Torba) · Restricted
  14. Vanua Lava, Banks Islands — mala toyBanks Islands, New Hebrides · Play / practical

Venezuela 4

  1. Piaroa / Wothuja Imu-chuwo Warime bullroarerMiddle and upper Orinoco / Amazonas · Restricted
  2. Pume calabash disc on nylon stringLlanos, Venezuela · Function not recorded
  3. Triangular Sanumá blade painted in yellowYanomami (Sanumá), upper Orinoco/Caura · Function not recorded
  4. Waika alabaco, MahekodotediUpper Orinoco / Mahekodotedi (El Platanal) · Play / practical

Zambia 6

  1. Lala (cimwimwi), ChibaleChibale chiefdom, southwest Serenje District, Central Province · Sacred / spirit
  2. LambaCopperbelt / Lambaland, Zambia-Katanga border · Play / practical
  3. Making the lion roar on the Barotse plainUpper Zambezi, Barotseland (Western Province) · Play / practical
  4. Luchazi ndumba mwelela at the genet-cat riteKabompo District, North-Western Province, near the Angola border · Restricted
  5. Luvale ndumbamwelela Mukanda bullroarer, Solochi VillageSolochi Village, Chavuma / former Zambezi District, North-Western Province · Restricted
  6. Ndumba mwila, the fish-shaped monsterWukengi Farm / Nyaluhana vicinage, Mwinilunga District, North-Western Province · Restricted

Zimbabwe 1

  1. Lendy 1 Zimbabwe rock-art bullroarerProbably more than 2,000 years ago · Mashonaland East / Marondera · Function not recorded