MUS2026-050 - museum specimen
Chakhesang Naga
Nagaland (Phek), NE India - South Asia - Northeast India
Play / practical
Source term: bull-roarer
athapuka = Southern Sangtam name for a toy bull-roarer of light wood, the cord tied to a swinging stick; threm-threm (Lhota) = a boys' toy bull-roarer; kampi (Konyak) = a bull-roarer swung to induce rain.
A bull-roarer of the Chakhesang Naga of the Phek hills in northeast Nagaland, collected by Henry Balfour during his 1922-23 tour of the Naga Hills and now in the Pitt Rivers Museum. The Chakhesang were classed as "Eastern Angami" until 1946; wherever the instrument was recorded across these hills it was a boys' plaything, not a cult object. Among the neighbouring Angami it was "used as a toy by boys or for scaring birds" from the growing crops; the Southern Sangtam, one of the three peoples who later joined to form the Chakhesang, called their light-wood toy roarer the athapuka, and old men would stop children swinging it for fear the noise drew tigers. No spirit, secret society, or taboo against women attaches to it in any Naga source.
used as a toy by boys or for scaring birds
J.H. Hutton, field documentation of an Angami bull-roarer (Khonoma), 1922 — Univ. of Cambridge, "The Nagas" online database, rec. r10541
- Object
- Bull-roarer of the Chakhesang Naga, Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford (acc. 1923.85.354; Henry Balfour coll.).
- Function
- A boys' toy and bird-scarer wherever the Naga record speaks: the Angami swung it "as a toy by boys or for scaring birds," and the Southern Sangtam athapuka was a children's roarer old men curbed for fear its noise drew tigers (Hutton).
- Map confidence
- medium - approximate culture/locality centroid
- Source location
- 1923.85.354; Cambridge "The Nagas" db recs. r10539 (Southern Sangtam athapuka, 1923.85.448), r10541 (Angami, Khonoma, 1923.84.958)
- Toy / secular survival