The Bullroarer Atlas

No. ARETZ1976-001

Atshuana pumbuentzade, Morona Santiago

Ecuador · Morona Santiago Province · South America · Upper Amazon

Play / practical

A Ticuna mare collected in 1929 for the girls’ puberty festival mask dance: a long wooden swinging stick and a separate flat slat joined by cord.
Plate I. Representative — not this record’s object. Ticuna mare bullroarer from the western Amazon. CC BY 4.0 · Image source

pumbuentzade

Source term: palo zumbador

pumbuentzade: the Atshuana name for the palo zumbador.

Among the Atshuana of Morona Santiago, in the forested foothills of Ecuador's Upper Amazon, the bullroarer belonged to the children. Spun on its cord, a palo zumbador seems to break the air: its hum climbs out of the low register, falls away below hearing, and suddenly climbs again.

En la prov. Morona Santiago de Ecuador, los Atshuana lo llaman pumbuentzade y lo usan los niños como juego.

In Ecuador's Morona Santiago province, the Atshuana call it pumbuentzade and children use it as a game.

José Pérez de Arce, 'Aerófonos sin resonador, aerófonos de aire a presión,' Instrumentos Sonoros de Sudamérica (2025), p. 1817, citing cat 4000 Años 1976:18.

Particulars

Object
Palo zumbador: a board perforated at one end, threaded with a cord and spun to hum.
Function
Children's game.

Sources

  1. José Pérez de Arce, 'Aerófonos sin resonador, aerófonos de aire a presión,' Instrumentos Sonoros de Sudamérica (2025), pp. 1815-1817 View · archived
  2. Isabel Aretz, Cuatro mil años de música en el Ecuador (1976), p. 18, cited in Pérez de Arce (2025), p. 1817

Part of The Bullroarer Atlas, companion to The Eve Theory of Consciousness.