NGUINEA-001 - museum specimen
Yupno
Papua New Guinea - Nokopo village, Finisterre Range, Madang Province - Oceania
Restricted
numbung
numbung — the Yupno name recorded for this bullroarer.
For as long as the men's houses stood in the Yopno valleys, a spirit lived in them and cried for food. Its cries terrified the women and children; the men explained that the spirit was hungry and must be fed, and the women brought pigs. The men ate the pigs. The men's houses dissolved after Lutheran missionaries arrived in the 1930s, and the trick is now told with relish, often with the women listening: the cries of the spirit were merely men turning a bullroarer. The Museum der Kulturen Basel holds one such Yupno instrument — numbung, a slat of black-palm (limbum) wood on a 1.6-metre fibre cord with a curved bamboo carrier-stick, collected at Nokopo, high in the Finisterre Range, by the ethnographers Christin Kocher Schmid and Verena Keck before 1988.
the cries of the spirit were merely men turning a bullroarer
Slotta, 'Revelations of the World,' American Anthropologist 116.3 (2014), p. 632
- Object
- Bull-roarer slat of obip (limbum-palm) wood on a 1.6m fibre cord with a curved bamboo carrier-stick (Museum der Kulturen Basel, acc. Vb 30049).
- Function
- Men's-house secret: the sound was presented to women and children as the cries of a hungry spirit; the pigs women brought to feed it were eaten by the men. The Basel specimen's own use is unrecorded.
- Map confidence
- high - approximate territory centroid (mining 2026)
- Source location
Page references
MKB Vb 30049; site/bullroarer/assets/objects/MINE2026-021.jpg; Slotta 2014 p. 632
- Spirit voice
- Forbidden to women