{"id":"WALZ1964-001","label":"Kalinga bingngigan","people_or_site":"Kalinga (Kalinga-Apayao)","country_current":"Philippines","historic_region":"Kalinga-Apayao, Cordillera of far northern Luzon","macroregion":"Southeast Asia / Philippines","local_name":"bingngigan","source_term":"bull-roarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"A slender dark wooden blade about 23 cm long, with a three-pronged notch at one end and a cord through a hole at the other.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"museum_specimen","source_key":"walz1964_kalinga_bingngigan","source_type":"museum_collection","source_url":"https://luzoncollection.weebly.com/musical-instruments.html","page_or_plate":"Walz Collection Box0001C-0004; Luzon Collection, Musical Instruments page","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Kalinga province anchor; the collection gives only Kalinga-Apayao, no village.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Swung overhead on its cord, this slender dark blade roars. Called bingngigan, it is about nine inches long, with a little three-pronged notch cut into one end and a hole for the cord at the other. It comes from Kalinga-Apayao in the mountains of far northern Luzon, the country of the Kalinga, whose villages along the Chico River kept the peace with one another through sworn pacts, the bodong.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"bingngigan: the name recorded with the object. bodong: the Kalinga peace pact between villages.","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"'Kalinga Bull-Roarer (Bingngigan)', The Luzon Collection: Musical Instruments (Orry C. Walz Collection, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire)","url":"https://luzoncollection.weebly.com/musical-instruments.html"},{"citation":"Mapping Philippine Material Culture, 'Bingngigan - Bull-rhorer', Orry C. Walz Collection, Box0001C-0004","url":"https://philippinestudies.uk/mapping/items/show/31503"},{"citation":"R. F. Barton, The Kalingas: Their Institutions and Custom Law (University of Chicago Press, 1949)"}],"source_citations":"'Kalinga Bull-Roarer (Bingngigan)', The Luzon Collection: Musical Instruments (Orry C. Walz Collection, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire); Mapping Philippine Material Culture, 'Bingngigan - Bull-rhorer', Orry C. Walz Collection, Box0001C-0004; R. F. Barton, The Kalingas: Their Institutions and Custom Law (University of Chicago Press, 1949)","source_display":"'Kalinga Bull-Roarer (Bingngigan)', The Luzon Collection: Musical Instruments (Orry C. Walz Collection, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire); Mapping Philippine Material Culture, 'Bingngigan - Bull-rhorer', Orry C. Walz Collection, Box0001C-0004; R. F. Barton, The Kalingas: Their Institutions and Custom Law (University of Chicago Press, 1949)","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A slender dark wooden blade about 23 cm long, with a three-pronged notch at one end and a cord through a hole at the other.","function_display":"Not recorded.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"museum specimen","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"kalinga","display_name":"Kalinga bingngigan","image":{"full":"assets/objects/WALZ1964-001_walz_kalinga_bingngigan.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/WALZ1964-001_walz_kalinga_bingngigan_thumb.jpg","alt":"A long dark wooden bullroarer blade on dark cloth, its cord wound round the blade near the pierced end.","credit":"Orry C. Walz Collection, University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire (The Luzon Collection)","source_page":"https://luzoncollection.weebly.com/musical-instruments.html","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Bingngigan, a wooden bullroarer from Kalinga-Apayao, northern Luzon, with its cord wound round the blade.","last_modified":"2026-10-19"},"slug":"walz1964-001-kalinga-kalinga-apayao"}