{"id":"VOEGELIN1942-003","label":"Upper Sacramento Wintu bullroarer","people_or_site":"Upper Sacramento Wintu","country_current":"United States","historic_region":"Upper Sacramento River canyon, Shasta County, northern California","macroregion":"North America / California","local_name":"","source_term":"bull-roarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"Wooden bullroarer; no dimensions, cord detail, or Wintu name recorded.","function_summary":"Whirled by boys for amusement, and handled only by boys and men; recorded as a comparatively recent introduction. Storm-making, sickness-making and shamanic use all denied.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"voegelin1942_ne_california","source_type":"primary_ethnography","source_url":"https://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/84125","page_or_plate":"pp. 49-50, 94 (elements 2116-2123)","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Dunsmuir, Siskiyou County. Territory anchor for the named people; not a use site.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"On the upper Sacramento the bullroarer was a wooden blade that boys swung for the noise of it and that only boys and men handled — and it had not been there long: every answer given about it was marked as a recent introduction. The neighbours make the point. Over the divide at Hayfork the same instrument was old enough to be credited with raising storm and wind; on the McCloud River, the next drainage east, the Wintu said there had never been one. Three Wintu valleys, three different answers.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Erminie W. Voegelin, Culture Element Distributions: XX, Northeast California, Anthropological Records 7:2 (1942); informant John Towndolly of Dunsmuir, interviewed 17-21 September 1936","url":"https://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/84125","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261013032403/https://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/84125"}],"source_citations":"Erminie W. Voegelin, Culture Element Distributions: XX, Northeast California, Anthropological Records 7:2 (1942); informant John Towndolly of Dunsmuir, interviewed 17-21 September 1936","source_display":"Erminie W. Voegelin, Culture Element Distributions: XX, Northeast California, Anthropological Records 7:2 (1942); informant John Towndolly of Dunsmuir, interviewed 17-21 September 1936","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Wooden bullroarer; no dimensions, cord detail, or Wintu name recorded.","function_display":"Whirled by boys for amusement, and handled only by boys and men; recorded as a comparatively recent introduction. Storm-making, sickness-making and shamanic use all denied.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"upper sacramento","display_name":"Upper Sacramento Wintu bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/NAMER-006_namer-006-bowers-corded-blade.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/NAMER-006_namer-006-bowers-corded-blade_thumb.jpg","credit":"Peabody Museum, Harvard / Robert F. Heizer, Some Prehistoric Bullroarers from California Caves, 1960, plate 1c","license":"Rights reserved; no open reuse license located. Peabody Museum photograph reproduced by UC Berkeley; proposed for non-commercial research.","source_page":"https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/anthpubs/ucb/text/ucas050-015.pdf","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Notched wooden blade with braided cord, Bowers Cave, Calif.","pool_id":"auto-NAMER-006_namer-006-bowers-corded-blade"},"slug":"voegelin1942-003-upper-sacramento-wintu"}