{"id":"SWA-PECOS-001","label":"Pecos Pueblo Kidder bull-roarer","people_or_site":"Pecos Pueblo","country_current":"United States","historic_region":"Pecos Pueblo, New Mexico","macroregion":"North America / Southwest","local_name":"","source_term":"bull-roarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"A single wooden bull-roarer from Room 75 at Pecos Pueblo.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"kidder1932_artifacts_pecos","source_type":"archaeological_report","source_url":"https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Artifacts_of_Pecos.html?id=ag7IEAAAQBAJ","page_or_plate":"Kidder 1932, p. 293: bull-roarer (Room 75); Brown 1967","map_confidence":"low_medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Pecos Pueblo / Pecos National Historical Park regional site anchor, not an object provenience coordinate.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Wood rarely survives in Southwestern deposits and such pieces were never numerous, so the single wooden bull-roarer from Room 75 at Pecos Pueblo, unearthed in A. V. Kidder's long excavation of the site, stands nearly alone for the region: by Donald Brown's count only three excavated bull-roarers are known from the prehistoric Southwest, every one of them wood.","pull_quote":"One bull roarer was found at Pecos (Kidder 1932:293), another in cliff dwellings in the Verde Valley (Bourke 1892:477), and a third in a cache at Chetro Ketl (R. Gwinn Vivian, personal communication). All were made of wood.","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"Donald N. Brown, \"The Distribution of Sound Instruments in the Prehistoric Southwestern United States,\" Ethnomusicology 11, no. 1 (1967): 71-90","term_gloss":"","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"f_archaeology":true,"archaeology_kind":"object","date_display":"c. 1100–1540 AD","date_qualification":"Precontact Pecos Pueblo horizon; object not directly dated.","date_basis":"excavated_context","date_confidence":"low","date_citation":"kidder1932_artifacts_pecos, Kidder p. 293 Google Books snippet: `bull-roarer (Room 75)`; Brown quote in VOM local mirror","sources":[{"citation":"Alfred V. Kidder, The Artifacts of Pecos (1932), p. 293","url":"https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Artifacts_of_Pecos.html?id=ag7IEAAAQBAJ","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261013031618/https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Artifacts_of_Pecos.html?id=ag7IEAAAQBAJ"},{"citation":"Donald N. Brown, “The Distribution of Sound Instruments in the Prehistoric Southwestern United States,” Ethnomusicology 11(1) (1967):71–90, citing Kidder (1932), p. 293","url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/850499","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20230331210414/https://www.jstor.org/stable/850499"}],"source_citations":"Alfred V. Kidder, The Artifacts of Pecos (1932), p. 293; Donald N. Brown, “The Distribution of Sound Instruments in the Prehistoric Southwestern United States,” Ethnomusicology 11(1) (1967):71–90, citing Kidder (1932), p. 293","source_display":"Alfred V. Kidder, The Artifacts of Pecos (1932), p. 293; Donald N. Brown, “The Distribution of Sound Instruments in the Prehistoric Southwestern United States,” Ethnomusicology 11(1) (1967):71–90, citing Kidder (1932), p. 293","date_citation_display":"Kidder p. 293 Google Books snippet: `bull-roarer (Room 75)`; Brown quote in VOM local mirror","object_display":"A single wooden bull-roarer from Room 75 at Pecos Pueblo.","function_display":"Not recorded.","confidence_display":"low to medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"pecos pueblo","display_name":"Pecos Pueblo Kidder bull-roarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/expansion_2026_07/judd1959_plate37q_chaco.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/expansion_2026_07/thumbs/judd1959_plate37q_chaco_thumb.jpg","alt":"Pale elk-bone blade from Pueblo del Arroyo, with incised bands and a hole near one end.","credit":"Neil M. Judd, Pueblo del Arroyo, Chaco Canyon, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 138 (1959), plate 37 q","license":"Public domain (United States government work)","source_page":"https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/22943","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Elk-bone bullroarer from Pueblo del Arroyo.","pool_id":"auto-expansion_2026_07--judd1959_plate37q_chaco"},"slug":"swa-pecos-001-pecos-pueblo"}