{"id":"SG1899-003","label":"Roth north-west-central Queensland whirler complex","people_or_site":"Pitta-Pitta, Roxburgh, Yaroinga, Kalkadoon, Mitakoodi, and neighboring groups","country_current":"Australia","historic_region":"North-west-central Queensland","macroregion":"Australia / Queensland","local_name":"pril-ling-a; mer-pul-li-mung-i; un-mun-ja; pi-ri pi-ri; wilmurra","source_term":"whirler / whirring-stick / roarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"Roth describes flat spindle-shaped wooden whirlers on string; smaller ungraved boards can be toys, while larger graved boards are used in initiation ceremonies, as Yaroinga love charms, and kept from women. A far larger board of the same form is in the Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford — 1938.34.29, 445 by 59 mm, carved and pierced at one end, well over twice the length of Roth's graved boards.","function_summary":"A plaything for either sex; at initiation, a signal to the women; among the Yaroinga, a love-charm.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"roth1897_ethnological_studies","source_type":"primary_ethnography","source_url":"https://archive.org/details/b24758620","page_or_plate":"pp. 129, 171-172, 182; figs. 316-320","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Representative Boulia / north-west-central Queensland anchor for Roth's broad regional source chain","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"In north-west-central Queensland Walter Roth found the same flat, spindle-shaped board of gidgee wood serving three lives. A hole was drilled at one end with a sharpened emu-bone, a string fixed through it to a small stick, and the board whirled until its flat face caught the wind and roared. The plain boards, about four inches long, were toys swung by either sex at any age. The larger graved ones, seven or eight inches, belonged to the circumcision rites: when the women came too close, men sounded the whirlers as a signal to retire, and after the foreskin was cut on a \"human table\" of bent backs, two were sounded again to tell the women the ceremony was over. Among the Yaroinga the same object became a love-charm, learned from the Workia tribe and carved with two designs — rings of concentric circles standing for fire-sticks swung at the night camp-fires, and a pattern whose half-circles each marked a labium. A man swung it far from camp through the night so the woman he meant to marry would, without seeing anything, find herself more and more enamoured and repeatedly exclaim \"I like this-fellow-boy.\" No woman was allowed to handle or even look at one. The settlers around Camooweal called these love-charm whirlers \"gin-busters.\"","pull_quote":"The charm is swung at intervals during the hours of night, at a considerable distance from camp, by males only, in the belief that the woman whom they are bent on marrying will reciprocate their passions with increased fervour. The female referred to, of course sees nothing of the web into which she is becoming entangled, though she may feel its effects.","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"Roth 1897, Ethnological Studies among the North-West-Central Queensland Aborigines, sect. 325, p. 182","term_gloss":"Local terms for the whirler/roarer: pril-ling-a (Pitta-Pitta), mer-pul-li-mung-i (Roxburgh), un-mun-ja (Yaroinga), pi-ri pi-ri (Kalkadoon and Mitakoodi). Hamlyn-Harris (1913) records wilmurra as the Kalkadoon name of the Queensland Museum whirler from Leichhardt (Selwyn District).","cls":"restricted","class_label":"Restricted","color":"#A43C2F","is_candidate":false,"flags":["initiation","women_taboo","women_special","toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":true,"f_women_special":true,"f_snake":false,"etymology":"mer-pul-li-mung-i is Roth's Roxburgh-district name for the whirler/bull-roarer; his Pitta-Pitta vocabulary glosses it 'a whirler, roarer' and flags it as a Roxburgh word. No deeper meaning or shared name is recorded.","literal_gloss":"","semantic_cluster":"name_only","etymology_confidence":"high","sources":[{"citation":"Walter E. Roth, Ethnological Studies among the North-West-Central Queensland Aborigines (Brisbane, 1897), pp. 129, 171-172 and 182, figs. 316-320","url":"https://archive.org/details/b24758620"}],"source_citations":"Walter E. Roth, Ethnological Studies among the North-West-Central Queensland Aborigines (Brisbane, 1897), pp. 129, 171-172 and 182, figs. 316-320","source_display":"Walter E. Roth, Ethnological Studies among the North-West-Central Queensland Aborigines (Brisbane, 1897), pp. 129, 171-172 and 182, figs. 316-320","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Roth describes flat spindle-shaped wooden whirlers on string; smaller ungraved boards can be toys, while larger graved boards are used in initiation ceremonies, as Yaroinga love charms, and kept from women. A far larger board of the same form is in the Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford — 1938.34.29, 445 by 59 mm, carved and pierced at one end, well over twice the length of Roth's graved boards.","function_display":"A plaything for either sex; at initiation, a signal to the women; among the Yaroinga, a love-charm.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"pitta pitta","display_name":"Roth north-west-central Queensland whirler complex","image":{"full":"assets/objects/SG1899-003.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/SG1899-003_thumb.jpg","alt":"Roth’s plate of north-central Queensland bullroarers.","credit":"W. E. Roth, Ethnological Studies among the North-West-Central Queensland Aborigines (1897), Plate XVII","license":"Public domain","source_page":"https://archive.org/details/ethnologicalstud00roth","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Pitta-Pitta and NW-Central Queensland whirlers (bull-roarers).","additional":[{"full":"assets/objects/SG1899-003_hamlyn1913_pl13_qe13-237.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/SG1899-003_hamlyn1913_pl13_qe13-237_thumb.jpg","alt":"A dark, tapering Kalkadoon wilmurra blade with pale diagonal bands and a long looped cord, from Queensland’s Selwyn District.","credit":"R. Hamlyn-Harris, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum II (1913), pl. XIII fig. 1 — Queensland Museum Q.E. 13/237","license":"Public domain (published 1913)","source_page":"https://archive.org/details/memoirsqueensla2haml","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Kalkadoon wilmurra from Queensland’s Selwyn District, now in the Queensland Museum."}]},"slug":"sg1899-003-pitta-pitta-roxburgh-yaroinga-kalkadoon-mitakoodi-and-neighboring-groups"}