{"id":"SEA-011","label":"Sagada (Northern Kankanay / Lepanto-Bontok Igorot)","people_or_site":"Sagada (Lepanto-Bontok / Northern Kankanay Igorot), Mountain Province, Luzon","country_current":"Philippines","historic_region":"Sagada, western Mountain Province, Cordillera Central, northern Luzon (Northern Kankanay / former Lepanto territory)","macroregion":"Southeast Asia / Philippines","local_name":"bawengweng","source_term":"bawengweng","source_language":"Sagada Igorot (Northern Kankanay)","object_description":"A flat wooden slat tied to the end of a string and whirled to make a roaring or humming noise.","function_summary":"A children's whirled wooden toy that produces a roaring/humming sound; no ritual use recorded.","attestation_type":"lexical_attestation","source_key":"completeness_sweep_2026","source_type":"ethnographic_literature","source_url":"https://www.asj.upd.edu.ph/mediabox/archive/ASJ-14-1-1976/manuel-philippine-musical-instruments.pdf","page_or_plate":"pp. 20-21 (inventory, section \"8. Sagada (Lepanto-Bontok)\"); p. 60 (glossary entry \"BAWENGWENG, Sag., bull roarer\")","map_confidence":"high","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Sagada town centre, the named locality and core of Northern Kankanay (Sagada) territory in western Mountain Province","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"In the Cordillera highlands of northern Luzon, the Sagada Igorot — the northernmost of the Northern Kankanay (Lepanto-Bontok) — gave the name bawengweng to a bullroarer. It shared the village's music with brass gongs, a stone that rings when struck, and flutes blown through the nose or made from rice stalk. In these mountains, where so much of the bullroarer's older mystery has fallen away, the whirled slat survives chiefly as a noise-maker in the hands of children.","pull_quote":"bawengweng, a wooden toy on the end of a string swung around to make a noise, a bull-roarer","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"E. Arsenio Manuel, \"Toward an Inventory of Philippine Musical Instruments,\" Asian Studies 14, no. 1 (1976): 20 (after Scott 1957).","term_gloss":"bawengweng (Sagada Igorot / Northern Kankanay): the bullroarer.","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"E. Arsenio Manuel, \"Toward an Inventory of Philippine Musical Instruments,\" Asian Studies 14, no. 1 (1976): 20-21, drawing on William Henry Scott, A Vocabulary of the Sagada Igorot Dialect (Chicago: Philippine Studies Program, Univ. of Chicago, 1957)","url":"https://www.asj.upd.edu.ph/mediabox/archive/ASJ-14-1-1976/manuel-philippine-musical-instruments.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240723115543/https://www.asj.upd.edu.ph/mediabox/archive/ASJ-14-1-1976/manuel-philippine-musical-instruments.pdf"}],"source_citations":"E. Arsenio Manuel, \"Toward an Inventory of Philippine Musical Instruments,\" Asian Studies 14, no. 1 (1976): 20-21, drawing on William Henry Scott, A Vocabulary of the Sagada Igorot Dialect (Chicago: Philippine Studies Program, Univ. of Chicago, 1957)","source_display":"E. Arsenio Manuel, \"Toward an Inventory of Philippine Musical Instruments,\" Asian Studies 14, no. 1 (1976): 20-21, drawing on William Henry Scott, A Vocabulary of the Sagada Igorot Dialect (Chicago: Philippine Studies Program, Univ. of Chicago, 1957)","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A flat wooden slat tied to the end of a string and whirled to make a roaring or humming noise.","function_display":"A children's whirled wooden toy that produces a roaring/humming sound; no ritual use recorded.","confidence_display":"high","attestation_label":"lexical attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"sagada lepanto","display_name":"Sagada (Northern Kankanay / Lepanto-Bontok Igorot)","image":{"full":"assets/objects/SEA-011_ypm_ant229683_ifugao.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/SEA-011_ypm_ant229683_ifugao_thumb.jpg","alt":"An Ifugao wiwiw from Banaue, a pale willow-leaf-shaped wooden blade with loose cord coiled near its narrowed end.","credit":"Yale Peabody Museum, YPM ANT 229683","license":"CC0","source_page":"https://lux.collections.yale.edu/data/object/139d52d9-86f9-45cd-8f5b-1de85f4460b9","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"A willow-leaf-shaped wooden blade."},"slug":"sea-011-sagada-lepanto-bontok-northern-kankanay-igorot-mountain-province-luzon"}