{"id":"SA-Z1953-024","label":"Chacobo toy","people_or_site":"Chacobo","country_current":"Bolivia","historic_region":"Eastern Bolivia","macroregion":"South America","local_name":"","source_term":"Schwirrgerät / Schwirrholz / bullroarer","source_language":"German / English extraction","object_description":"","function_summary":"Bullroarer used as children's toy","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"zerries1953","source_type":"source_catalog","source_url":"https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Azerries-1953-bullroarer/Zerries_1953_TheBullroarerAmongSAmerIndians.pdf","page_or_plate":"Nordenskiöld 1922:110 (via Zerries 1953:288, 302)","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Regional anchor; no ritual function recorded.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Among the Chacobo, a Panoan people of northeastern Bolivia, the bull-roarer was a children's plaything. Erland Nordenskiöld found it among the children on his 1908-09 expedition. Otto Zerries set the Chacobo with their Panoan neighbors the Kashibo and Panobo in an old central-Amazonian cultural stratum where, he argued, the bull-roarer had decayed into a toy from an earlier cultic use.","pull_quote":"In Northeastern Bolivia the bull-roarer is used as a children's toy by the Chacobo (Nordenskiöld 1922, p. 110), Yuracaré (l. e. p. 68) and Guarayu (l. e. p. 168).","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"Zerries 1953, \"The Bull-roarer among South American Indians,\" Revista do Museu Paulista, N.S. VII:288","term_gloss":"","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Erland Nordenskiöld, Indianer und Weisse in Nordostbolivien (Stuttgart: Strecker und Schröder, 1922), p. 110; Otto Zerries, 'The Bull-roarer among South American Indians,' Revista do Museu Paulista n.s. 7 (1953), pp. 288 and 302","url":"https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Azerries-1953-bullroarer/Zerries_1953_TheBullroarerAmongSAmerIndians.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260420134455/https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Azerries-1953-bullroarer/Zerries_1953_TheBullroarerAmongSAmerIndians.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Erland Nordenskiöld, Indianer und Weisse in Nordostbolivien (Stuttgart: Strecker und Schröder, 1922), p. 110; Otto Zerries, 'The Bull-roarer among South American Indians,' Revista do Museu Paulista n.s. 7 (1953), pp. 288 and 302","source_display":"Erland Nordenskiöld, Indianer und Weisse in Nordostbolivien (Stuttgart: Strecker und Schröder, 1922), p. 110; Otto Zerries, 'The Bull-roarer among South American Indians,' Revista do Museu Paulista n.s. 7 (1953), pp. 288 and 302","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"","function_display":"Bullroarer used as children's toy","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"chacobo","display_name":"Chacobo toy","image":{"full":"assets/objects/SA-Z1953-024_em_1913_11_0128.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/SA-Z1953-024_em_1913_11_0128_thumb.jpg","alt":"A Chacobo whip-style bull-roarer, with a short narrow blade attached by cord to a long straight stick.","credit":"Etnografiska museet, Stockholm (1913.11.0128)","license":"CC BY 4.0","source_page":"https://collections.smvk.se/carlotta-em/web/object/1913.11.0128","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Chacobo whip-style bullroarer from Nordenskiöld’s Bolivian collection."},"slug":"sa-z1953-024-chacobo"}