{"id":"SA-Z1953-007","label":"Karajá mask-dance bullroarer","people_or_site":"Karaja","country_current":"Brazil","historic_region":"Central Brazil","macroregion":"South America / Brazil","local_name":"","source_term":"Schwirrgerät / Schwirrholz / bullroarer","source_language":"German / English extraction","object_description":"","function_summary":"Possible bullroarer in mask dances; masks may not be seen by women outside performance; women entering storage hut put to death","attestation_type":"secondary_catalog","source_key":"zerries1953","source_type":"source_catalog","source_url":"https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Aehrenreich-1891-beitrage/ehrenreich_1891_beitrage_hathi.pdf","page_or_plate":"Krause 1911:312; Ehrenreich 1891:37-38; Sachs 1913:273","map_confidence":"low_medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Regional anchor. The Karaja bullroarer itself is uncertain, known from Zerries's list; the mask taboo is better attested than the bullroarer.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Among the Karajá of the Rio Araguaia the Aruanã dance masks represent fish and other animals and may not be seen by women except when worn by the dancers; a woman who slipped into the secret hut where the masks were kept met the death penalty. Whether a bullroarer belonged to this complex is genuinely uncertain. The only positive note is Krause's: he recorded an instrument called noli-noli — a bullroarer whirled on a stick — that, \"if it can really be found there,\" might play a part in the mask dances.","pull_quote":"Das Schwirrholz scheint bei den Karaya nicht im Gebrauch zu sein, wenigstens konnte nichts darüber ermittelt werden.","pull_quote_translation":"The bullroarer does not seem to be in use among the Karajá, at least nothing could be ascertained about it.","pull_quote_cite":"Ehrenreich 1891:38 (Beiträge zur Völkerkunde Brasiliens)","term_gloss":"noli-noli (also nolinóli): the Karajá name Krause gives for a bullroarer; Sachs glosses it as a Schwirrholz \"mit Stange,\" i.e. a whirled blade mounted on a stick.","cls":"restricted","class_label":"Restricted","color":"#A43C2F","is_candidate":false,"flags":["initiation","women_taboo"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":true,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Fritz Krause, In den Wildnissen Brasiliens (Leipzig: Voigtländer, 1911), p. 312; Paul Ehrenreich, Beiträge zur Völkerkunde Brasiliens (Berlin: Spemann, 1891), pp. 37-38; Curt Sachs, Real-Lexikon der Musikinstrumente (Berlin: Bard, 1913), p. 273","url":"https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Aehrenreich-1891-beitrage/ehrenreich_1891_beitrage_hathi.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260814094113/https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/biblio%3Aehrenreich-1891-beitrage/ehrenreich_1891_beitrage_hathi.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Fritz Krause, In den Wildnissen Brasiliens (Leipzig: Voigtländer, 1911), p. 312; Paul Ehrenreich, Beiträge zur Völkerkunde Brasiliens (Berlin: Spemann, 1891), pp. 37-38; Curt Sachs, Real-Lexikon der Musikinstrumente (Berlin: Bard, 1913), p. 273","source_display":"Fritz Krause, In den Wildnissen Brasiliens (Leipzig: Voigtländer, 1911), p. 312; Paul Ehrenreich, Beiträge zur Völkerkunde Brasiliens (Berlin: Spemann, 1891), pp. 37-38; Curt Sachs, Real-Lexikon der Musikinstrumente (Berlin: Bard, 1913), p. 273","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"","function_display":"Possible bullroarer in mask dances; masks may not be seen by women outside performance; women entering storage hut put to death","confidence_display":"low to medium","attestation_label":"secondary catalog","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"karaja","display_name":"Karajá mask-dance bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/museum_harvest/smb_V_B_5230.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/museum_harvest/thumbs/smb_V_B_5230_thumb.jpg","alt":"Pale wooden bullroarer with a widened central blade painted in a dark zigzag and dotted lattice, narrowing to a long projection at one end.","credit":"Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Ethnologisches Museum / Katharina Kepplinger (V B 5230, coll. Max Schmidt 1904)","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","source_page":"https://recherche.smb.museum/detail/154636","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Pale wooden bullroarer painted with a dark zigzag lattice."},"slug":"sa-z1953-007-karaja"}