{"id":"RAY1942-005","label":"Shuswap bull-roarer","people_or_site":"Shuswap (Secwepemc)","country_current":"Canada","historic_region":"Fraser River / Soda Creek, central British Columbia","macroregion":"North America / Plateau","local_name":"","source_term":"bull-roarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"A wooden blade, of cedar, whirled on a cord held in the hand.","function_summary":"A child's toy of cedar; the weather function is explicitly denied.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"ray1942_plateau","source_type":"primary_ethnography","source_url":"https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/anthpubs/ucb/text/ucar008-003.pdf","page_or_plate":"printed p. 184, elements 4094-4103","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Soda Creek on the Fraser, central British Columbia -- the locality of Ray's. Territory anchor for the named people; not a use site.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"At Soda Creek the Shuswap bullroarer — wooden, of cedar, whirled from the hand — was a child's toy, and that is where it stopped: the weather use was denied outright. From there down the Fraser, through Lillooet and Lower Thompson country, the instrument is a plaything and nothing else, while three hundred miles south the Kittitas and Wenatchi were using it to call the warm wind. One instrument, one region, two entirely different jobs, and the seam runs somewhere in between.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Verne F. Ray, 'Culture Element Distributions: XXII, Plateau,' Anthropological Records 8:2 (Berkeley, 1942), p. 184, elements 4094-4103","url":"https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/anthpubs/ucb/text/ucar008-003.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260814094023/https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/anthpubs/ucb/text/ucar008-003.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Verne F. Ray, 'Culture Element Distributions: XXII, Plateau,' Anthropological Records 8:2 (Berkeley, 1942), p. 184, elements 4094-4103","source_display":"Verne F. Ray, 'Culture Element Distributions: XXII, Plateau,' Anthropological Records 8:2 (Berkeley, 1942), p. 184, elements 4094-4103","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A wooden blade, of cedar, whirled on a cord held in the hand.","function_display":"A child's toy of cedar; the weather function is explicitly denied.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"shuswap","display_name":"Shuswap bull-roarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/RAY1942-005_ray1942-005-carrier-interior-bc.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/RAY1942-005_ray1942-005-carrier-interior-bc_thumb.jpg","alt":"Carrier bullroarer from British Columbia, with two pale wooden parts of different widths joined by a cord.","credit":"Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution (USNM E381321-0)","license":"Usage Conditions Apply (Smithsonian)","source_page":"https://collections.si.edu/search/detail/edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8416972","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Carrier bullroarer, British Columbia."},"slug":"ray1942-005-shuswap-secwepemc"}