{"id":"POLY2026-014","label":"Pukapuka wakatangitangi, the crier","people_or_site":"Pukapuka","country_current":"Cook Islands","historic_region":"Pukapuka, northern Cook Islands","macroregion":"Oceania / Polynesia","local_name":"wakatangitangi","source_term":"leaf-whizzer","source_language":"English / Pukapukan","object_description":"A coconut-leaflet toy, made like the Aitutaki patangitangi.","function_summary":"A children's toy.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"grove1984_wakatangitangi","source_type":"comparative_secondary","source_url":"https://archive.org/details/newgrovedictiona0003unse_z1d0","page_or_plate":"New Grove 1984 vol. 3, s.v.; McLean 1999 p. 89","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Atoll anchor, Pukapuka.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"On Pukapuka, a remote atoll in the northern Cook Islands, children made a coconut-leaflet roarer like the patangitangi of Aitutaki, and called it wakatangitangi: the thing made to cry. The name is built on faka-tangi, to make something sound or weep. Aitutaki's patangitangi comes from the same root, and so does Bellona's hakatangikugu, the roarer swung to call rain in the Solomons. Where Tongans and Samoans named the whirled leaf for a fly, these islanders named it for its voice.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"wakatangitangi (Pukapukan): \"made to cry\", from waka- (causative, Polynesian faka-) + tangitangi, reduplicated tangi, \"to cry, sound\".","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments (1984), vol. 3, s.vv. \"Wakatangitangi\" and \"Patangitangi\"; Mervyn McLean, Weavers of Song: Polynesian Music and Dance (Auckland University Press, 1999), p. 89, citing Ernest and Pearl Beaglehole, Ethnology of Pukapuka (Bishop Museum Bulletin 150, 1938)","url":"https://archive.org/details/newgrovedictiona0003unse_z1d0"}],"source_citations":"New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments (1984), vol. 3, s.vv. \"Wakatangitangi\" and \"Patangitangi\"; Mervyn McLean, Weavers of Song: Polynesian Music and Dance (Auckland University Press, 1999), p. 89, citing Ernest and Pearl Beaglehole, Ethnology of Pukapuka (Bishop Museum Bulletin 150, 1938)","source_display":"New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments (1984), vol. 3, s.vv. \"Wakatangitangi\" and \"Patangitangi\"; Mervyn McLean, Weavers of Song: Polynesian Music and Dance (Auckland University Press, 1999), p. 89, citing Ernest and Pearl Beaglehole, Ethnology of Pukapuka (Bishop Museum Bulletin 150, 1938)","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A coconut-leaflet toy, made like the Aitutaki patangitangi.","function_display":"A children's toy.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"pukapuka","display_name":"Pukapuka wakatangitangi, the crier","image":{"full":"assets/objects/pd_plates/buck1927_aitutaki_fig281_patangitangi.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/pd_plates/buck1927_aitutaki_fig281_patangitangi_thumb.jpg","alt":"Buck’s construction diagram of the Aitutaki coconut-leaflet patangitangi: a curved leaflet loop above a flat strip, an enlarged tied attachment and the assembled instrument on its cord, labelled A–D.","credit":"Te Rangi Hiroa (Peter Buck), The Material Culture of the Cook Islands (Aitutaki) (1927), fig. 281","license":"Public domain","source_page":"http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-BucMate.html","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"The Aitutaki patangitangi, the leaflet roarer the Pukapuka toy was made like.","pool_id":"auto-pd_plates--buck1927_aitutaki_fig281_patangitangi"},"slug":"poly2026-014-pukapuka"}