{"id":"PNG100","label":"Moripi","people_or_site":"Moripi","country_current":"Papua New Guinea","historic_region":"Gulf","macroregion":"Oceania / Sahul","local_name":"tiparu","source_term":"tiparu (Tiparu)","source_language":"Toaripi (Motu-Motu), Eastern Elema; Moripi (Moripi-Iokea) is a name of the Toaripi language","object_description":"Both the bullroarer and the sacred flute are in use here.","function_summary":"Fatal to overhear: women and children fled the village when it sounded, and only youths who had come out of the Eramo after initiation might see it; associated with ancestors.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"gourlay1975_sound_producing","source_type":"source_catalog","source_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/inu.30000082089644","page_or_plate":"Table 1, row 100; Haddon, The Study of Man, p. 240 (1898 ed.) = p. 303 (1908 reissue); Gourlay1975 printed p.71 (PDF p.81), citing Holmes1924 p.82","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Approximate anchor for the named people; no findspot given.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Its voice was fatal to overhear. When the tiparu - the 'roaring bull,' as the missionary James Chalmers called it - was about to sound, the women and children of these eastern Papuan Gulf villages fled the settlement, for anyone who heard it was said to die. Only a youth who had come down from the Eramo, the men's long house - where he had stayed months with his head shaved until the hair grew long again, under a tabu on certain foods - was permitted to see the whirling blade, or to wear a mask, or to join the dances and the drum-beating. The boards themselves were carved on both sides with scrolls painted red, black and white, the larger of a pair Chalmers obtained some twenty inches long. He set the rule down plainly: no one sees the tiparu until after he has been made a man.","pull_quote":"\"Not until after they have left the Eramo is the Roaring Bull [bull-roarer, tiparu] seen\" ... \"Tiparu, only seen by a young man after initiation into manhood ... All women and young people leave the village lest they should hear it and die.\"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"A. C. Haddon, The Study of Man, p. 240 in the 1898 first edition (= p. 303 in the 1908 Progressive Science Series reissue), chapter \"The Bull-Roarer,\" quoting Rev. James Chalmers and an L.M.S. museum label (Toaripi / Motu-Motu).","term_gloss":"tiparu (Toaripi/Moripi): the bullroarer, Chalmers's 'Roaring Bull'.","cls":"restricted","class_label":"Restricted","color":"#A43C2F","is_candidate":false,"flags":["initiation","women_taboo"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":true,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"James Chalmers and London Missionary Society museum label, via A. C. Haddon, The Study of Man (1898), p. 240 (p. 303 in the 1908 reissue)"},{"citation":"K. A. Gourlay, Sound-Producing Instruments in Traditional Society: A Study of Esoteric Instruments and Their Role in Male-Female Relations, New Guinea Research Bulletin 60 (1975), Table 1, entry 100; p. 71","url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/inu.30000082089644"},{"citation":"J. H. Holmes, In Primitive New Guinea (1924), p. 82, via Gourlay 1975, p. 71"}],"source_citations":"James Chalmers and London Missionary Society museum label, via A. C. Haddon, The Study of Man (1898), p. 240 (p. 303 in the 1908 reissue); K. A. Gourlay, Sound-Producing Instruments in Traditional Society: A Study of Esoteric Instruments and Their Role in Male-Female Relations, New Guinea Research Bulletin 60 (1975), Table 1, entry 100; p. 71; J. H. Holmes, In Primitive New Guinea (1924), p. 82, via Gourlay 1975, p. 71","source_display":"James Chalmers and London Missionary Society museum label, via A. C. Haddon, The Study of Man (1898), p. 240 (p. 303 in the 1908 reissue); K. A. Gourlay, Sound-Producing Instruments in Traditional Society: A Study of Esoteric Instruments and Their Role in Male-Female Relations, New Guinea Research Bulletin 60 (1975), Table 1, entry 100; p. 71; J. H.…","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Both the bullroarer and the sacred flute are in use here.","function_display":"Fatal to overhear: women and children fled the village when it sounded, and only youths who had come out of the Eramo after initiation might see it; associated with ancestors.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"moripi","display_name":"Moripi","image":{"full":"assets/objects/PNG100_smg_a242490_gulf.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/PNG100_smg_a242490_gulf_thumb.jpg","alt":"Long tapered Papuan Gulf bull-roarer with repeated white geometric diamonds and pointed motifs carved along its brown face; a cord is tied at the notched end.","credit":"Science Museum Group, A242490 (Wellcome Collection)","license":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0","source_page":"https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/objects/co105252","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Carved Papuan Gulf bull-roarer."},"slug":"png100-moripi"}