{"id":"PEUR2026-011","label":"Cendres ochred rib bramadera","people_or_site":"Cova de les Cendres, Upper Magdalenian levels","country_current":"Spain","historic_region":"Teulada-Moraira, Alicante, Valencian Community","macroregion":"Europe / Iberia","local_name":"","source_term":"","source_language":"Spanish","object_description":"Fractured spindle-shaped plaque cut from a herbivore rib and pierced at one end; one face carries deeply engraved geometric decoration, with ochre surviving inside some of the grooves.","function_summary":"Not recorded. Identified as a bramadera (bullroarer) by the cave's own site museum; the excavation's technological study files it as an ornament.","attestation_type":"archaeological_find","source_key":"cendres_museo_virtual_bramadera","source_type":"archaeological_report","source_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20230605191106/http://covadelacendra.es/la-cueva/museo-virtual/bramadera/","page_or_plate":"Site museum page 'Bramadera' (Wayback 2023-06-05); Borao 2012, Saguntum 44, pp. 30-31 and fig. 20","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Approximate cave position on the Punta Moraira cliff, Teulada-Moraira; site-level, not object-level.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Fifteen to seventeen thousand years ago, on the cliffs of the Alicante coast, someone cut a slender blade from the rib of a grazing animal, pierced one end and drove deep geometric lines into one face. Then they coloured it: ochre still sits in the grooves, laid on to make the pattern stand out. The cave's excavators present it as a bramadera, a bullroarer, and it is the southernmost piece of its kind yet found in Europe, a long way from the Pyrenean and Cantabrian caves where the rest were made.","pull_quote":"la pieza de Cendres es la más meridional localizada hasta la fecha","pull_quote_translation":"the Cendres piece is the southernmost found to date","pull_quote_cite":"Cova de les Cendres site museum, 'Bramadera'","term_gloss":"","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"f_archaeology":true,"archaeology_kind":"object","date_display":"c. 15,000–13,000 BC","date_qualification":"Upper Magdalenian levels; the object is not directly dated.","date_basis":"cultural_phase","date_confidence":"medium","date_citation":"cendres_museo_virtual_bramadera, site museum page 'Bramadera'; Borao 2012 Saguntum 44","sources":[{"citation":"Cova de les Cendres site museum (Teulada-Moraira / Universitat de València), 'Bramadera', museo virtual","url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20230605191106/http://covadelacendra.es/la-cueva/museo-virtual/bramadera/"},{"citation":"Maria Isabel Borao Álvarez, 'Estudio tecnológico y tipológico de las industrias sobre materias duras animales del Magdaleniense superior de la Cova de les Cendres,' Saguntum 44 (2012): 17-37, fig. 20","url":"https://doi.org/10.7203/SAGVNTVM.44.1653"}],"source_citations":"Cova de les Cendres site museum (Teulada-Moraira / Universitat de València), 'Bramadera', museo virtual; Maria Isabel Borao Álvarez, 'Estudio tecnológico y tipológico de las industrias sobre materias duras animales del Magdaleniense superior de la Cova de les Cendres,' Saguntum 44 (2012): 17-37, fig. 20","source_display":"Cova de les Cendres site museum (Teulada-Moraira / Universitat de València), 'Bramadera', museo virtual; Maria Isabel Borao Álvarez, 'Estudio tecnológico y tipológico de las industrias sobre materias duras animales del Magdaleniense superior de la Cova de les Cendres,' Saguntum 44 (2012): 17-37, fig. 20","date_citation_display":"site museum page 'Bramadera'; Borao 2012 Saguntum 44","object_display":"Fractured spindle-shaped plaque cut from a herbivore rib and pierced at one end; one face carries deeply engraved geometric decoration, with ochre surviving inside some of the grooves.","function_display":"Not recorded. Identified as a bramadera (bullroarer) by the cave's own site museum; the excavation's technological study files it as an ornament.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"archaeological find","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"cova les","display_name":"Cendres ochred rib bramadera","image":{"full":"assets/objects/up_europe_2026_11/PEUR2026-011_borao2012_fig20.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/up_europe_2026_11/thumbs/PEUR2026-011_borao2012_fig20_thumb.jpg","alt":"Three views of a tapering bone blade from Cova de les Cendres: close-ups of the end with a round hole and of a face cut with rows of cross-hatched lines, and the whole broken fragment laid flat beside a scale bar.","credit":"Maria Isabel Borao Álvarez, Saguntum 44 (2012), fig. 20","license":"CC BY-NC-SA 3.0","source_page":"https://doi.org/10.7203/SAGVNTVM.44.1653","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"The Cendres blade: its pierced head, the cross-hatched engraving, and the whole fragment."},"slug":"peur2026-011-cova-de-les-cendres-upper-magdalenian-levels"}