{"id":"PEUR2026-005","label":"Grotte des Eyzies animal-scene bramadera","people_or_site":"Grotte des Eyzies / Grotte Richard","country_current":"France","historic_region":"Dordogne / Les Eyzies; Magdalenian final attribution","macroregion":"Europe / Southwest France","local_name":"bramadera / rhombe","source_term":"bramadera fragmentaria","source_language":"Spanish","object_description":"Upper third of a thin bone blade, 80 mm long and 20 mm wide, broken across the body; complete, it would have run to about 150 mm. The top end is waisted into a small knob-head for the cord, and animals are engraved across the face as a scene.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"archaeological_find","source_key":"barandiaran2015_kobie","source_type":"archaeological_synthesis","source_url":"https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf","page_or_plate":"Barandiarán 2012 Veleia 29:321, fig. 2.5 (p. 316); p. 322 (150 mm calculated) and n. 39 (elongation index 11.3). Barandiarán 2015 Kobie BAI 6 p. 152 and n. 12; fig. 4 (p. 153, Les Eyzies after Breuil 1937). Breuil 1937, De quelques oeuvres d'art magdaléniennes inédites ou peu connues, IPEK 1936/1937:1-16, at p. 6 fig. 6.","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Les Eyzies / Grotte Richard locality anchor from published site description; exact cave coordinate not recovered.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Only the top third of this bone blade survives, and it is the end that held the cord: just below the tip the maker narrowed the bone from both sides, waisting it into a small round head for a cord to be tied around. Below the waist, animals crowd the face in a single composed scene. Complete, the blade would have run to about fifteen centimetres, long and narrow like the other bone bramaderas of Magdalenian France and Spain. It came from the grotte des Eyzies, a small cave inside the village whose deposits were being dug out and sold to collectors even before Lartet and Christy began work there in the 1860s.","pull_quote":"sendos trozos de ‘colgantes’ decorados (me parecen bramaderas fragmentarias) de Raymonden/Chancelade y de ‘grotte des Eyzies’ se recuperaron en excavaciones no bien controladas del XIX y, atendiendo al estilo de sus figuras, se han adscrito respectivamente al Magdaleniense superior y al Magdaleniense final","pull_quote_translation":"two decorated “pendant” fragments (which appear to me to be fragmentary bull-roarers) from Raymonden/Chancelade and from the “grotte des Eyzies” were recovered in poorly controlled nineteenth-century excavations and, by the style of their figures, have been assigned respectively to the upper Magdalenian and the final Magdalenian","pull_quote_cite":"Barandiarán Maestu 2015, “La bramadera de hueso,” Kobie BAI 6:152","term_gloss":"Spanish bramadera (also rombo; French rhombe, English bull-roarer): the name for a Paleolithic whirled bull-roarer.","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"f_archaeology":true,"archaeology_kind":"object","date_display":"c. 12,000–9000 BC","date_qualification":"Final Magdalenian by the style of its engravings; object not directly dated.","date_basis":"stylistic","date_confidence":"low","date_citation":"barandiaran2015_kobie, p. 152 and n. 12; Fig. 4 labels Les Eyzies","etymology":"From Spanish bramar, to bellow or roar.","literal_gloss":"bullroarer; roaring/bellowing thing","semantic_cluster":"romance_roar_word","etymology_confidence":"medium","sources":[{"citation":"Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu 2012, Forma vs. función en tipología prehistórica: el caso de las bramaderas óseas magdalenienses, Veleia 29:311-334, at p. 321 and fig. 2.5; Barandiarán Maestu 2015, La bramadera de hueso, Kobie BAI 6:149-158, p. 152 and n. 12, fig. 4; Henri Breuil 1937, IPEK 1936/1937:1-16, p. 6 fig. 6","url":"https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240530134905/https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu 2012, Forma vs. función en tipología prehistórica: el caso de las bramaderas óseas magdalenienses, Veleia 29:311-334, at p. 321 and fig. 2.5; Barandiarán Maestu 2015, La bramadera de hueso, Kobie BAI 6:149-158, p. 152 and n. 12, fig. 4; Henri Breuil 1937, IPEK 1936/1937:1-16, p. 6 fig. 6","source_display":"Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu 2012, Forma vs. función en tipología prehistórica: el caso de las bramaderas óseas magdalenienses, Veleia 29:311-334, at p. 321 and fig. 2.5; Barandiarán Maestu 2015, La bramadera de hueso, Kobie BAI 6:149-158, p. 152 and n. 12, fig. 4; Henri Breuil 1937, IPEK 1936/1937:1-16, p. 6 fig. 6","date_citation_display":"Barandiaran 2015 Kobie, p. 152 and n. 12; Fig. 4 labels Les Eyzies","object_display":"Upper third of a thin bone blade, 80 mm long and 20 mm wide, broken across the body; complete, it would have run to about 150 mm. The top end is waisted into a small knob-head for the cord, and animals are engraved across the face as a scene.","function_display":"Not recorded.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"archaeological find","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"grotte des","display_name":"Grotte des Eyzies animal-scene bramadera","image":{"full":"assets/objects/PEUR2026-005_barandiaran2015-fig4-eyzies.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/PEUR2026-005_barandiaran2015-fig4-eyzies_thumb.jpg","alt":"Drawing of the Eyzies fragment after Breuil, with a waisted cord-head at left, an engraved animal scene along the face and an edge section at right.","credit":"Barandiarán Maestu 2015, Kobie BAI 6, fig. 4 (after Breuil 1937)","license":"Open access — Diputación Foral de Bizkaia (Kobie series)","source_page":"https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"The Eyzies fragment, drawn after Breuil (1937): a waisted cord-head above an engraved animal scene."},"slug":"peur2026-005-grotte-des-eyzies-grotte-richard"}