{"id":"PEUR2026-004","label":"Raymonden bramadera fragment","people_or_site":"Raymonden / Chancelade","country_current":"France","historic_region":"Dordogne / Chancelade; Magdalenian superior","macroregion":"Europe / Southwest France","local_name":"bramadera / rhombe","source_term":"bramadera fragmentaria","source_language":"Spanish","object_description":"A decorated, engraved bone pendant fragment, its suspension end worked into a subcircular ring with lateral notches.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"archaeological_find","source_key":"barandiaran2015_kobie","source_type":"archaeological_synthesis","source_url":"https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf","page_or_plate":"p. 152 and n. 12","map_confidence":"low_medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Raymonden/Chancelade site coordinate; not object-level provenience GPS.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"The famous engraved bone from the Raymonden shelter at Chancelade, in the Dordogne, is usually read as a butchery scene: tiny schematic men ranged along a barred line taken for a bison's spine, with the animal's head, vertebral column and a pair of legs all that remain of it, and a broken suspension hole at one end. Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu sets it instead among the thirty-odd recognized Paleolithic bone bull-roarers of southwest Europe. He counts two decorated “pendant” fragments from poorly controlled nineteenth-century digs — this one and another from the grotte des Eyzies — as bramaderas fragmentarias (fragmentary bull-roarers), the Raymonden piece assigned on the style of its figures to the upper Magdalenian. It shares a rare detail with the bull-roarers of El Pendo and Bourrouilla: rather than a simple hole, its suspension end is worked into a subcircular ring set off by lateral notches. The shelter was dug by M. Hardy and M. Féaux in 1887-88, and the object is now in the museum at Périgueux. Hardy himself, publishing the piece in 1891, classed it simply as an objet de parure — an ornament whose suspension hole shows “clearly recognizable” traces, with an ancient break at the other end — and read the animal not as a bison but as a musk-ox, his pendeloque à l'Ovibos (musk-ox pendant).","pull_quote":"sendos trozos de ‘colgantes’ decorados (me parecen bramaderas fragmentarias) de Raymonden/Chancelade y de ‘grotte des Eyzies’ se recuperaron en excavaciones no bien controladas del XIX y, atendiendo al estilo de sus figuras, se han adscrito respectivamente al Magdaleniense superior y al Magdaleniense final","pull_quote_translation":"two pieces of decorated ‘pendants’ (to me they look like bull-roarer fragments) from Raymonden/Chancelade and from the ‘grotte des Eyzies’ were recovered in poorly controlled nineteenth-century excavations and, going by the style of their figures, have been assigned respectively to the upper Magdalenian and the final Magdalenian","pull_quote_cite":"Barandiarán Maestu 2015, La bramadera de hueso, Kobie BAI 6:152","term_gloss":"bramadera (Spanish) / rhombe (French): a bull-roarer.","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"f_archaeology":true,"archaeology_kind":"object","date_display":"c. 13,000–9000 BC","date_qualification":"Upper Magdalenian by style; object not directly dated.","date_basis":"stylistic","date_confidence":"low","date_citation":"barandiaran2015_kobie, p. 152 and n. 12","etymology":"Spanish bramadera (French rhombe), \"the roarer,\" comes from bramar, to bellow or roar.","literal_gloss":"bullroarer; roaring/bellowing thing","semantic_cluster":"romance_roar_word","etymology_confidence":"medium","sources":[{"citation":"Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu, 'La bramadera de hueso,' Kobie BAI 6 (2015): 149-158, at p. 152 and n. 12; Michel Hardy, La station quaternaire de Raymonden à Chancelade (1891), pp. 37-39 and 42, pl. III fig. 2","url":"https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240530134905/https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu, 'La bramadera de hueso,' Kobie BAI 6 (2015): 149-158, at p. 152 and n. 12; Michel Hardy, La station quaternaire de Raymonden à Chancelade (1891), pp. 37-39 and 42, pl. III fig. 2","source_display":"Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu, 'La bramadera de hueso,' Kobie BAI 6 (2015): 149-158, at p. 152 and n. 12; Michel Hardy, La station quaternaire de Raymonden à Chancelade (1891), pp. 37-39 and 42, pl. III fig. 2","date_citation_display":"Barandiaran 2015 Kobie, p. 152 and n. 12","object_display":"A decorated, engraved bone pendant fragment, its suspension end worked into a subcircular ring with lateral notches.","function_display":"Not recorded.","confidence_display":"low to medium","attestation_label":"archaeological find","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"raymonden","display_name":"Raymonden bramadera fragment","image":{"full":"assets/objects/PEUR2026-004_peur2026-004-breuil1924-fig102-2.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/PEUR2026-004_peur2026-004-breuil1924-fig102-2_thumb.jpg","credit":"L. Capitan, H. Breuil & D. Peyrony, Les Combarelles aux Eyzies (1924), p. 111, fig. 102 no. 2","license":"Public domain in the United States (published 1924)","source_page":"https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015005500296&seq=133","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Raymonden engraved bone pendant, interpreted as a fragmentary bramadera.","additional":[{"full":"assets/objects/pd_plates/hardy1891_raymonden_pl1_16.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/pd_plates/hardy1891_raymonden_pl1_16_thumb.jpg","alt":"Hardy’s 1891 plate no. 16, an elongated incised bone piece with a central hole.","credit":"Michel Hardy, La station quaternaire de Raymonden à Chancelade (1891), pl. I no. 16","license":"Public domain","source_page":"https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5567846s","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Hardy’s 1891 Raymonden plate, no. 16."}]},"slug":"peur2026-004-raymonden-chancelade"}