{"id":"OCHOA2023-001","label":"Aizkoltxo engraved rib plaque","people_or_site":"Aizkoltxo Final Magdalenian cave site","country_current":"Spain","historic_region":"Aizkoltxo Cave / Mendaro / Gipuzkoa","macroregion":"Europe","local_name":"","source_term":"adorno-colgante / quizás una bramadera","source_language":"Spanish / English","object_description":"Fragmentary halved rib plate shaped by sawing and abrasion, with one biconical terminal perforation made by bipolar rotation; the largest fragment is 60.2 x 21.1 x 4.0 mm, and the faces carry a hind, two aquatic zoomorphs, X-motifs, and other engravings.","function_summary":"Not recorded. Wear on the perforation and a lustrous fracture edge show prolonged handling, but not which use.","attestation_type":"archaeological_find","source_key":"ochoa_et_al_2023_aizkoltxo_bramadera","source_type":"archaeological_report","source_url":"https://tp.revistas.csic.es/index.php/tp/article/download/939/1019/1366","page_or_plate":"printed pp. 3-5, 9; Figs. 3 and 5A; square 7C-z.220/240","map_confidence":"high","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Aranzadi cave catalogue 658 / public OSM cave-entrance coordinate; exact cave anchor, not a square-level object coordinate.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"A halved rib, sawn and rubbed down into a narrow plate and pierced once at the end, engraved on both faces with a hind, two water animals and a scatter of X-marks. It came out of a fissure at Aizkoltxo, in the Basque hills above Mendaro, in fill washed down from a Final Magdalenian floor about fourteen thousand years old. The hole is worn bright and one broken edge has a lustre, which the excavators read as long, hard use: hung as an ornament, they thought, or perhaps whirled as a bramadera. Only the polish speaks to how it moved.","pull_quote":"El soporte es un objeto de adorno-colgante … o quizás una bramadera.","pull_quote_translation":"The support is an ornament-pendant … or perhaps a bullroarer.","pull_quote_cite":"Ochoa et al. 2023:9, section 6.1","term_gloss":"bramadera: Spanish bullroarer; adorno-colgante: ornament-pendant","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"f_archaeology":true,"archaeology_kind":"object","date_display":"c. 12,840–12,160 BC","date_qualification":"Associated Final Magdalenian context; object recovered from secondary fissure fill and not directly dated.","date_basis":"stratigraphic","date_confidence":"medium","date_citation":"ochoa_et_al_2023_aizkoltxo_bramadera, Ochoa et al. 2023 pp. 2–3 and 9 fig. 2","sources":[{"citation":"Blanca Ochoa et al., Nuevo adorno-colgante grabado magdaleniense del yacimiento de Aizkoltxo, Trabajos de Prehistoria 80(1), e09 (2023), CC BY 4.0","url":"https://tp.revistas.csic.es/index.php/tp/article/download/939/1019/1366","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20231215235305/https://tp.revistas.csic.es/index.php/tp/article/download/939/1019/1366"}],"source_citations":"Blanca Ochoa et al., Nuevo adorno-colgante grabado magdaleniense del yacimiento de Aizkoltxo, Trabajos de Prehistoria 80(1), e09 (2023), CC BY 4.0","source_display":"Blanca Ochoa et al., Nuevo adorno-colgante grabado magdaleniense del yacimiento de Aizkoltxo, Trabajos de Prehistoria 80(1), e09 (2023), CC BY 4.0","date_citation_display":"Ochoa et al. 2023 pp. 2–3 and 9 fig. 2","object_display":"Fragmentary halved rib plate shaped by sawing and abrasion, with one biconical terminal perforation made by bipolar rotation; the largest fragment is 60.2 x 21.1 x 4.0 mm, and the faces carry a hind, two aquatic zoomorphs, X-motifs, and other engravings.","function_display":"Not recorded. Wear on the perforation and a lustrous fracture edge show prolonged handling, but not which use.","confidence_display":"high","attestation_label":"archaeological find","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"aizkoltxo final","display_name":"Aizkoltxo engraved rib plaque","image":{"full":"assets/objects/OCHOA2023-001_aizkoltxo_fig3.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/OCHOA2023-001_aizkoltxo_fig3_thumb.jpg","alt":"Photographs and tracings of both faces and edges of Aizkoltxo’s fragmented engraved rib plaque, showing an end perforation, an animal figure on one face and detached fragments.","credit":"Blanca Ochoa et al., Trabajos de Prehistoria 80(1) (2023), fig. 3","license":"CC BY 4.0","source_page":"https://doi.org/10.3989/tp.2023.12324","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Aizkoltxo’s engraved rib plaque: photographs and tracings of both faces."},"slug":"ochoa2023-001-aizkoltxo-final-magdalenian-cave-site"}