{"id":"MUS2026-208","label":"KwaZulu-Natal carved bullroarer","people_or_site":"KwaZulu/Natal (people unrecorded)","country_current":"South Africa","historic_region":"KwaZulu/Natal","macroregion":"Africa / Southern Africa","local_name":"","source_term":"Bullroarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"Carved wooden blade, 227 x 28 mm: a long lanceolate slat with a rounded broad end, tapering to a narrow tail at the other, where a twisted grass-fibre cord is knotted through.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"museum_specimen","source_key":"prm_1980_1_1_kwazulu_natal","source_type":"museum_collection","source_url":"https://prm.ox.ac.uk/collections-online#/item/prm-object-42734","page_or_plate":"PRM 1980.1.1 (record prm-object-42734)","map_confidence":"low_medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Provincial point for KwaZulu/Natal, matching the museum's own regional provenance, the narrowest place the record gives; not a collecting locality.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Nine inches of carved wood, shaped like a long leaf and worn smooth, with a twist of grass fibre knotted through its narrow tail — a man named Henderson picked it up somewhere in KwaZulu-Natal in the eighteen-seventies, and it sat in private hands for a century before reaching Oxford in 1980. The Pitt Rivers Museum calls it a bullroarer and files it under both music and ceremony. Beside that, on the card, sits a second name, half-legible and never explained: Inniato Bee.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"Inniato Bee: the second name the museum records for this blade, beside 'Bullroarer'. Zulu for 'bee' is inyosi, once written innyosi.","cls":"sacred","class_label":"Sacred / spirit","color":"#8A5A2B","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford, 1980.1.1 (KwaZulu-Natal; collected by D. Henderson, 1870-1880)","url":"https://prm.ox.ac.uk/collections-online#/item/prm-object-42734","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260917174840/https://prm.ox.ac.uk/collections-online#/item/prm-object-42734"}],"source_citations":"Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford, 1980.1.1 (KwaZulu-Natal; collected by D. Henderson, 1870-1880)","source_display":"Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford, 1980.1.1 (KwaZulu-Natal; collected by D. Henderson, 1870-1880)","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Carved wooden blade, 227 x 28 mm: a long lanceolate slat with a rounded broad end, tapering to a narrow tail at the other, where a twisted grass-fibre cord is knotted through.","function_display":"Not recorded.","confidence_display":"low to medium","attestation_label":"museum specimen","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"kwazulu","display_name":"KwaZulu-Natal carved bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/MUS2026-208_prm_1980-1-1_kwazulu_natal.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/MUS2026-208_prm_1980-1-1_kwazulu_natal_thumb.jpg","credit":"Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford, accession 1980.1.1","license":"PRM Collections Online terms (noncommercial educational web use with credit)","source_page":"https://prm.ox.ac.uk/collections-online#/item/prm-object-42734","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"The KwaZulu-Natal blade with its twist of grass-fibre cord."},"slug":"mus2026-208-kwazulu-natal-people-unrecorded"}