{"id":"MUS2026-175","label":"Kouroumba Yoro atongu dry-season bullroarer","people_or_site":"Kouroumba / Yoro","country_current":"Mali","historic_region":"Yoro / Mopti region / French Sudan","macroregion":"Africa","local_name":"atongu","source_term":"Rhombe","source_language":"French / Kouroumba term","object_description":"Hollow bamboo-stem boat/toy form, 29 x 2.4 x 2.2 cm and 12 g, with one cord attached at one end.","function_summary":"Made by boys during the dry season, whirled above the head, and also used as a bullroarer; explicitly not used at circumcision.","attestation_type":"museum_specimen","source_key":"mqb_71_1939_39_30_kouroumba_atongu","source_type":"museum_collection_record","source_url":"https://collections.quaibranly.fr/?action=search&field=/Record/ObjectNumber&label=N%C2%B0%20de%20gestion&value=71.1939.39.30","page_or_plate":"object 71.1939.39.30; collected by the 1938-1939 Mission Lebaudy-Griaule / Niger-Lac Iro","map_confidence":"high","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Modern Yoro settlement center represented by OpenStreetMap node 1703672511 and GeoNames 2448449; not a household or exact collection point.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"At Yoro, boys made the bamboo atongu in the dry season. The hollow little object could be a boat and a toy on the ground, then take another life in the air as they whirled it overhead. It was part of children's play, not the community's circumcision rites.","pull_quote":"Les enfants le font tournoyer au-dessus de leur tête et s'en servent aussi comme d'un rhombe.","pull_quote_translation":"The children whirl it above their heads and also use it as a bullroarer.","pull_quote_cite":"Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, 71.1939.39.30","term_gloss":"atongu: the vernacular name for the whole boat-toy.","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, 71.1939.39.30 (Musée de l'Homme 39.39.30)","url":"https://collections.quaibranly.fr/?action=search&field=/Record/ObjectNumber&label=N%C2%B0%20de%20gestion&value=71.1939.39.30","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261013022430/https://collections.quaibranly.fr/?action=search&field=/Record/ObjectNumber&label=N%C2%B0%20de%20gestion&value=71.1939.39.30"}],"source_citations":"Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, 71.1939.39.30 (Musée de l'Homme 39.39.30)","source_display":"Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, 71.1939.39.30 (Musée de l'Homme 39.39.30)","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Hollow bamboo-stem boat/toy form, 29 x 2.4 x 2.2 cm and 12 g, with one cord attached at one end.","function_display":"Made by boys during the dry season, whirled above the head, and also used as a bullroarer; explicitly not used at circumcision.","confidence_display":"high","attestation_label":"museum specimen","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"kouroumba","display_name":"Kouroumba Yoro atongu dry-season bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/MUS2026-175_mus2026-175-kouroumba-yoro-atongu-71-193.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/MUS2026-175_mus2026-175-kouroumba-yoro-atongu-71-193_thumb.jpg","alt":"Kouroumba atongu from Yoro, Mali: a bamboo tube with a long rectangular side opening and cord trailing from one end.","credit":"© Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, 71.1939.39.30","license":"Rights reserved (© Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac); authorization required for reproduction; proposed for non-commercial research.","source_page":"https://collections.quaibranly.fr/?action=search&field=/Record/ObjectNumber&value=71.1939.39.30","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Kouroumba atongu from Yoro, Mali; bamboo toy whirled overhead on a cord."},"slug":"mus2026-175-kouroumba-yoro"}