{"id":"MUS2026-166","label":"Ashdown Forest English Hummer bullroarer","people_or_site":"English folk / Ashdown Forest specimen","country_current":"United Kingdom","historic_region":"East Sussex / Ashdown Forest","macroregion":"Europe","local_name":"Hummer","source_term":"Bullroarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"Oak slat, 270 x 40 mm, with cord wound around one end.","function_summary":"Boys' toy, whirled on its cord for the hum that named it.","attestation_type":"museum_specimen","source_key":"prm_1909_16_1_ashdown_hummer","source_type":"museum_collection","source_url":"https://prm.ox.ac.uk/collections-online#/item/prm-object-39644","page_or_plate":"PRM 1909.16.1; 1909 Annual Report","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Ashdown Forest representative anchor; the museum gives forest-level provenance rather than a findspot or performance site.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"An oak slat the length of a forearm, its cord still wound tight around one end, came out of Ashdown Forest under the name Hummer. Alfred Haddon had recorded the same word a decade earlier in West Suffolk: one English name for the roaring toy, traveling between counties. A London dealer passed the piece to the Pitt Rivers Museum in 1909.","pull_quote":"Bull-roarer, Ashdown Forest, Sussex.","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"Pitt Rivers Museum Annual Report 1909","term_gloss":"Hummer: the name the Pitt Rivers Museum recorded with the blade — the word Haddon gave for the toy in West Suffolk in 1898.","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Pitt Rivers Museum 1909.16.1; oak Bullroarer, alternative name Hummer, Ashdown Forest, collected 1909","url":"https://prm.ox.ac.uk/collections-online#/item/prm-object-39644","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260917174840/https://prm.ox.ac.uk/collections-online#/item/prm-object-39663"}],"source_citations":"Pitt Rivers Museum 1909.16.1; oak Bullroarer, alternative name Hummer, Ashdown Forest, collected 1909","source_display":"Pitt Rivers Museum 1909.16.1; oak Bullroarer, alternative name Hummer, Ashdown Forest, collected 1909","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Oak slat, 270 x 40 mm, with cord wound around one end.","function_display":"Boys' toy, whirled on its cord for the hum that named it.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"museum specimen","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"english folk","display_name":"Ashdown Forest English Hummer bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/review_2026_07_15/MUS2026-166_prm_1909_16_1.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/review_2026_07_15/thumbs/MUS2026-166_prm_1909_16_1_thumb.jpg","credit":"Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford (1909.16.1)","license":"© Pitt Rivers Museum — non-commercial/educational reuse with attribution","source_page":"https://prm.ox.ac.uk/collections-online#/item/prm-object-39644","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Ashdown Forest oak hummer with cord wound around one end."},"slug":"mus2026-166-english-folk-ashdown-forest-specimen"}