{"id":"MUS2026-081","label":"Bristol Bay bull-roarer (Penn 18400)","people_or_site":"Bristol Bay provenance (historic catalogue: Eskimo)","country_current":"United States","historic_region":"Bristol Bay, Alaska","macroregion":"North America","local_name":"","source_term":"bull-roarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"Wooden handle with a wooden bull-roarer joined by commercial thread, now broken (Penn Museum 18400).","function_summary":"Toy or model.","attestation_type":"museum_specimen","source_key":"penn","source_type":"museum_collection","source_url":"https://collections.penn.museum/collections/object/169068","page_or_plate":"18400","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Bristol Bay regional anchor; the museum gives no community or exact collection point.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Store-bought cotton thread once tied this leaf-shaped wooden blade to its handle: a trader's touch on a Bristol Bay toy. It reached Philadelphia in 1895, in an exchange with the United States National Museum.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Penn Museum, object 18400, 'Toy, Model, Bull-Roarer' (culture: Eskimo; Bristol Bay, Alaska); exchange with the United States National Museum, 1895","url":"https://collections.penn.museum/collections/object/169068","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261013020303/https://collections.penn.museum/collections/object/169068"}],"source_citations":"Penn Museum, object 18400, 'Toy, Model, Bull-Roarer' (culture: Eskimo; Bristol Bay, Alaska); exchange with the United States National Museum, 1895","source_display":"Penn Museum, object 18400, 'Toy, Model, Bull-Roarer' (culture: Eskimo; Bristol Bay, Alaska); exchange with the United States National Museum, 1895","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Wooden handle with a wooden bull-roarer joined by commercial thread, now broken (Penn Museum 18400).","function_display":"Toy or model.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"museum specimen","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"bristol bay","display_name":"Bristol Bay bull-roarer (Penn 18400)","image":{"full":"assets/objects/MUS2026-081.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/MUS2026-081_thumb.jpg","alt":"The Bristol Bay object itself: two separate wooden parts, a long leaf-shaped blade below and a narrow handle above, with frayed commercial thread at their left ends.","credit":"Penn Museum, object 18400","license":"Penn Museum — non-commercial / educational use","source_page":"https://collections.penn.museum/collections/object/169068","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"The Bristol Bay object itself: a leaf-shaped wooden blade joined to a wooden handle by commercial thread, now broken."},"slug":"mus2026-081-bristol-bay-provenance-historic-catalogue-eskimo"}