{"id":"MONTAGUE1921-001","label":"Wiluna initiation bullroarer","people_or_site":"Wiluna locality; people unrecorded","country_current":"Australia","historic_region":"Wiluna / Mid West, Western Australia","macroregion":"Australia","local_name":"","source_term":"bull-roarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"Carved wooden blade, 21 inches long, stained dark brown with ochre and pierced at one end for its cord.","function_summary":"Used in initiation ceremonies.","attestation_type":"museum_specimen","source_key":"montague1921_fig19_wiluna","source_type":"illustrated_monograph","source_url":"https://archive.org/details/weaponsimplement00montrich","page_or_plate":"printed p. 36; Figure 19 no. 1","map_confidence":"medium_high","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Wiluna town anchor; Montague records Wiluna but no collection spot, maker, or performance site.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"This dark, ochre-stained blade from Wiluna, on the Western Australian goldfields, is carved the full twenty-one inches with an interlocking chevron pattern — an echo, Montague noted, of the incised spear-throwers of Kookynie — and is one of two he labelled as instruments of initiation.","pull_quote":"The first is 21 inches long, and might at first sight be taken for a small shield.","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"Montague 1921:36","term_gloss":"","cls":"sacred","class_label":"Sacred / spirit","color":"#8A5A2B","is_candidate":false,"flags":["initiation"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Leopold A. D. Montague, Weapons and Implements of Savage Races (London, 1921), p. 36, fig. 19 no. 1","url":"https://archive.org/details/weaponsimplement00montrich"}],"source_citations":"Leopold A. D. Montague, Weapons and Implements of Savage Races (London, 1921), p. 36, fig. 19 no. 1","source_display":"Leopold A. D. Montague, Weapons and Implements of Savage Races (London, 1921), p. 36, fig. 19 no. 1","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Carved wooden blade, 21 inches long, stained dark brown with ochre and pierced at one end for its cord.","function_display":"Used in initiation ceremonies.","confidence_display":"medium to high","attestation_label":"museum specimen","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"wiluna","display_name":"Wiluna initiation bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/expansion_2026_07/montague1921_fig19_wiluna.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/expansion_2026_07/thumbs/montague1921_fig19_wiluna_thumb.jpg","alt":"Monochrome drawing of a long, narrow Wiluna bullroarer with repeated incised herringbone zigzags and small marks near its rounded end.","credit":"Leopold A. D. Montague, Weapons and Implements of Savage Races (1921), fig. 19 no. 1","license":"Public domain (published 1921)","source_page":"https://archive.org/details/weaponsimplement00montrich","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Ochre-dark Wiluna bullroarer carved with herringbone zigzags."},"slug":"montague1921-001-wiluna-locality-people-unrecorded"}