{"id":"MAY1981-001","label":"Fasu hakamā","people_or_site":"Fasu (Namo Me speakers), incl. Kaibu (Kaipu) village","country_current":"Papua New Guinea","historic_region":"West of Lake Kutubu and north-east of the Kikori River, Nipa-Kutubu District, Southern Highlands Province","macroregion":"Oceania / Sahul","local_name":"hakamā","source_term":"bullroarer: hakamā","source_language":"Fasu; English","object_description":"A bullroarer, called hakamā; its form is not recorded.","function_summary":"Not recorded in the dictionary. Initiators from Kaibu, a Fasu village, were invited to Lake Kutubu and introduced the amaga bullroarer cult there.","attestation_type":"lexical_attestation","source_key":"may_loeweke1981_fasu","source_type":"language_dictionary","source_url":"https://archive.org/download/fasudictionary/Fasu%20Dictionary.pdf","page_or_plate":"Dictionary p. 7; Grammar pp. 6–7; Williams pp. 14, 107–108 (via PNG112)","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Kaipu (Kaibu) village, Nipa-Kutubu District (OpenStreetMap), a Fasu village named in Loeweke & May 1980 p. 7 and Williams's source of the Kutubu initiators; language-community anchor.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"The Fasu call their language Namo Me, \"the true-essence language\". About a thousand of them live west of Lake Kutubu and north-east of the Kikori River, with a smaller group far to the south where the Turama and Kanau rivers meet. Their word for the bullroarer is hakamā. Said with a different tone, the same syllables make hákamá, an old woman, and the title of respect given to her. It was from Kaibu, one of their villages, that initiators were invited to Lake Kutubu in the boyhood of a man named Yaru, bringing the bullroarer cult that the lake people knew by its blade, the amaga.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"hakamā: bullroarer (Fasu). Tone-distinct from hákamá, \"old woman; title of respect for an old woman\". Namo Me: \"true-essence language\", the speakers' own name.","cls":"restricted","class_label":"Restricted","color":"#A43C2F","is_candidate":false,"flags":["initiation"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Jean May and Eunice Loeweke, Fasu (Námo Mē) Dictionary (SIL, 1981; electronic edition 2006), p. 7","url":"https://archive.org/download/fasudictionary/Fasu%20Dictionary.pdf"},{"citation":"Eunice Loeweke and Jean May, General Grammar of Fasu (Namo Me) (1980), pp. 6–7","url":"https://www.theswissbay.ch/pdf/Books/Linguistics/Mega%20linguistics%20pack/Papuan/Fasu%2C%20General%20Grammar%20of%20%28Loeweke%20%26%20May%29.pdf"},{"citation":"SIL, Published Lexicons: Fasu Namo Me","url":"https://software.sil.org/lexiquepro/published-lexicons/"}],"source_citations":"Jean May and Eunice Loeweke, Fasu (Námo Mē) Dictionary (SIL, 1981; electronic edition 2006), p. 7; Eunice Loeweke and Jean May, General Grammar of Fasu (Namo Me) (1980), pp. 6–7; SIL, Published Lexicons: Fasu Namo Me","source_display":"Jean May and Eunice Loeweke, Fasu (Námo Mē) Dictionary (SIL, 1981; electronic edition 2006), p. 7; Eunice Loeweke and Jean May, General Grammar of Fasu (Namo Me) (1980), pp. 6–7; SIL, Published Lexicons: Fasu Namo Me","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A bullroarer, called hakamā; its form is not recorded.","function_display":"Not recorded in the dictionary. Initiators from Kaibu, a Fasu village, were invited to Lake Kutubu and introduced the amaga bullroarer cult there.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"lexical attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"fasu","display_name":"Fasu hakamā","image":{"full":"assets/objects/MUS2026-093_mqb_71-1930-29-206_iari.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/MUS2026-093_mqb_71-1930-29-206_iari_thumb.jpg","alt":"A flat elongated wooden rhombe with carved chevron bands framing a narrow raised face-like motif near one end.","credit":"© Musée du quai Branly - Jacques Chirac","license":"N/A","source_page":"https://collections.quaibranly.fr/#/objet/7801","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Wooden rhombe carved with chevron zigzags","pool_id":"auto-MUS2026-093_mqb_71-1930-29-206_iari","auto_assigned":true,"last_modified":"2026-10-19"},"slug":"may1981-001-fasu-namo-me-speakers-incl-kaibu-kaipu-village"}