{"id":"LIMA1971-001","label":"São Manuel berra-boi","people_or_site":"Recomendação das Almas group of São Manuel","country_current":"Brazil","historic_region":"São Manuel, São Paulo","macroregion":"South America / Brazil","local_name":"berra-boi","source_term":"berra-boi","source_language":"Portuguese","object_description":"Small board with cord tied at the end, rotated in the air for a strong hum.","function_summary":"Instrument used in the local Recomendação das Almas alongside a matraca.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"lima1971_sao_manuel_berra_boi","source_type":"primary_folklore_report_reprint","source_url":"https://www.novomilenio.inf.br/festas/folclore01.htm","page_or_plate":"pp. 47–71, section 'Grupo religioso'","map_confidence":"high","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"São Manuel municipal-seat anchor; the field report identifies the municipality but not a route coordinate.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"On Lenten nights in São Manuel, praying bands walked the streets and back roads to plead for the souls trapped in purgatory, and the low hum of a whirled board — the berra-boi — carried ahead of them, doubled by the clack of a matraca. At Santa Rosa do Viterbo, the bands gave the instrument up out of dread: even after Lent had passed, the frightened singers swore, its eerie whistling kept sounding on into the dark.","pull_quote":"o berra-boi, feito de tabuinha com barbante amarrado na extremidade, que rodada no ar produz forte zumbido","pull_quote_translation":"the berra-boi, made from a small board with string tied at the end, which when rotated in the air produces a strong hum","pull_quote_cite":"Rossini Tavares de Lima, 'Folclore paulista' (1971), pp. 47–71, section 'Grupo religioso'","term_gloss":"berra-boi = local name in the São Manuel field report","cls":"sacred","class_label":"Sacred / spirit","color":"#8A5A2B","is_candidate":false,"flags":["death_rebirth"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Rossini Tavares de Lima, 'Folclore paulista,' Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Guarujá-Bertioga 2(5) (1971): 47-71, section 'Grupo religioso'","url":"https://www.novomilenio.inf.br/festas/folclore01.htm","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20220421232558/https://www.novomilenio.inf.br/festas/folclore01.htm"}],"source_citations":"Rossini Tavares de Lima, 'Folclore paulista,' Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Guarujá-Bertioga 2(5) (1971): 47-71, section 'Grupo religioso'","source_display":"Rossini Tavares de Lima, 'Folclore paulista,' Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Guarujá-Bertioga 2(5) (1971): 47-71, section 'Grupo religioso'","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Small board with cord tied at the end, rotated in the air for a strong hum.","function_display":"Instrument used in the local Recomendação das Almas alongside a matraca.","confidence_display":"high","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"recomenda das","display_name":"São Manuel berra-boi","image":{"full":"assets/objects/MUS2026-020_nmai_25-4970_wauja.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/MUS2026-020_nmai_25-4970_wauja_thumb.jpg","credit":"National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution (25/4970)","license":"Usage Conditions Apply (NMAI)","source_page":"https://americanindian.si.edu/collections-search/object/NMAI_270836","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"A painted Wauja bullroarer from Brazil.","pool_id":"brazil-wauja"},"slug":"lima1971-001-recomendacao-das-almas-group-of-sao-manuel"}