{"id":"KROLL1938-001","label":"Bola Bakovi tuvura bullroarer","people_or_site":"Bola (Bakovi)","country_current":"Papua New Guinea","historic_region":"Willaumez / Talasea Peninsula / West New Britain / New Pommern","macroregion":"Oceania / Sahul","local_name":"tuvura","source_term":"Schwirrholz","source_language":"German / Bola term","object_description":"Bullroarer explicitly identified by local term; no material, dimensions, cord, hole, blade shape, mechanics, or object figure is supplied.","function_summary":"Named beside the region's spirit institutions: Kroll sets the tuvura alongside the Tolai Dukduk and the Sulka Sisu, counts it among the Bola's named dance-genres, and calls the Kuku mask season 'harmless' by contrast — implying the tuvura was not. No direct use sentence survives.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"kroll_1938_bola_tuvura","source_type":"primary_ethnography","source_url":"https://www.digi-hub.de/viewer/fulltext/1562778018139/905/","page_or_plate":"printed p. 412, footnote 1; viewer page 905","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Bola village on the Willaumez Peninsula; representative community anchor rather than a documented performance site.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"On the Willaumez Peninsula the Bola, or Bakovi, kept tuvura, the bullroarer, apart from Kuku, the masked season that travelled village to village along the coast — two voices in the same world of dance and transformed beings.","pull_quote":"hat der Bola ausser dem tuvura (Schwirrholz) seinen Kuku.","pull_quote_translation":"The Bola has besides the tuvura bullroarer his Kuku.","pull_quote_cite":"Kroll 1938:412 footnote 1","term_gloss":"tuvura: Bola/Bakovi bullroarer term; no literal gloss or morphology recovered","cls":"sacred","class_label":"Sacred / spirit","color":"#8A5A2B","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Hubert Kroll, 'Sagen und Märchen der Bola,' Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 70 (1938): 371-425, at p. 412 n. 1","url":"https://www.digi-hub.de/viewer/fulltext/1562778018139/905/","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261013013700/https://www.digi-hub.de/viewer/fulltext/1562778018139/905/"}],"source_citations":"Hubert Kroll, 'Sagen und Märchen der Bola,' Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 70 (1938): 371-425, at p. 412 n. 1","source_display":"Hubert Kroll, 'Sagen und Märchen der Bola,' Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 70 (1938): 371-425, at p. 412 n. 1","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Bullroarer explicitly identified by local term; no material, dimensions, cord, hole, blade shape, mechanics, or object figure is supplied.","function_display":"Named beside the region's spirit institutions: Kroll sets the tuvura alongside the Tolai Dukduk and the Sulka Sisu, counts it among the Bola's named dance-genres, and calls the Kuku mask season 'harmless' by contrast — implying the tuvura was not. No direct use sentence survives.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"bola","display_name":"Bola Bakovi tuvura bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/PNG148_meg_ethoc_016688.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/PNG148_meg_ethoc_016688_thumb.jpg","alt":"An Arawe Island wooden blade from the Felix Speiser collection, 46 cm long, plain and tapering toward a pierced narrow end, with a rounded opposite tip.","credit":"Musée d'ethnographie de Genève (MEG), ETHOC 016688 (coll. Felix Speiser, 1940)","license":"© Musée d'ethnographie de Genève — reproduction rights apply; rehosted low-res for non-commercial research","source_page":"https://collections.geneve.ch/meg/catalogue/musinfo_public.php?id=016688","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"An Arawe Island blade, 46 cm, from the Felix Speiser collection.","pool_id":"auto-PNG148_meg_ethoc_016688","auto_assigned":true},"slug":"kroll1938-001-bola-bakovi"}