{"id":"JENSEN1936-002","label":"Gato Kusume field bird-scarer bullroarer","people_or_site":"Kusume (Kusuma / Kusumi; historically Gato)","country_current":"Ethiopia","historic_region":"Gatoland / southern Ethiopia","macroregion":"Africa","local_name":"","source_term":"Schwirrholz","source_language":"German / historic Gato label","object_description":"Bullroarer identified by instrument class; no material, dimensions, cord, perforation, blade shape, mechanics, handle, or object figure is supplied.","function_summary":"Children used it as a toy to drive birds from cultivated fields.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"jensen_wohlenberg_1936_gato_bird_scarer","source_type":"primary_ethnography","source_url":"https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=1mfu2PiDBwkC&pg=PA178&dq=%22Gato%22+%22Schwirrholz%22&hl=en","page_or_plate":"p. 178","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Present Gato locality/Kusume-area anchor; not a household, field, or object findspot.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Among the Gato, or Kusume, children carried the bullroarer into the fields to drive birds from the crops. The roaring blade was both toy and practical guardian of the ripening harvest.","pull_quote":"Das Schwirrholz, bei den Darassa noch ein kultisches Werkzeug und vor den Frauen ängstlich verborgen, ist hier ein Kinderspielzeug, das dazu dient, die Vögel von den Feldern zu vertreiben.","pull_quote_translation":"The bullroarer, among the Darassa still a cult implement anxiously hidden from women, is here a children's toy that serves to drive the birds from the fields.","pull_quote_cite":"Jensen, Wohlenberg and Wohlenberg 1936:178","term_gloss":"","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Jensen, Wohlenberg and Wohlenberg, Im Lande des Gada (1936; reprinted as Im südlichen Abessinien), p. 178","url":"https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=1mfu2PiDBwkC&pg=PA178&dq=%22Gato%22+%22Schwirrholz%22&hl=en","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261013012703/https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=1mfu2PiDBwkC&pg=PA178&dq=%22Gato%22+%22Schwirrholz%22&hl=en"}],"source_citations":"Jensen, Wohlenberg and Wohlenberg, Im Lande des Gada (1936; reprinted as Im südlichen Abessinien), p. 178","source_display":"Jensen, Wohlenberg and Wohlenberg, Im Lande des Gada (1936; reprinted as Im südlichen Abessinien), p. 178","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Bullroarer identified by instrument class; no material, dimensions, cord, perforation, blade shape, mechanics, handle, or object figure is supplied.","function_display":"","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"kusume kusuma","display_name":"Gato Kusume field bird-scarer bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/ROUTLEDGE1910-001_munge_bullroarer.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/ROUTLEDGE1910-001_munge_bullroarer_thumb.jpg","alt":"The Munge Kikuyu ke-hu-ru-ta bullroarer: a narrow wooden blade linked by a long bark-twine thong to a stick handle.","credit":"W. Scoresby Routledge and Katherine Routledge, With a Prehistoric People (1910), Plate XXXII, item 1","license":"Public domain","source_page":"https://archive.org/details/withprehistoricp00rout","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"The Munge Kikuyu ke-hu-ru-ta bullroarer","pool_id":"auto-ROUTLEDGE1910-001_munge_bullroarer","auto_assigned":true},"slug":"jensen1936-002-kusume-kusuma-kusumi-historically-gato"}