{"id":"HERREMAN1988-001","label":"Mumuye night bullroarers for rain","people_or_site":"Mumuye, tjozoza of Kugong","country_current":"Nigeria","historic_region":"Mumuye country, Taraba State (north-eastern Nigeria)","macroregion":"Africa","local_name":"babong / babung","source_term":"rhombe; rhombes de la nuit","source_language":"French","object_description":"Bullroarers called babong or babung, whirled at night; form and material not described.","function_summary":"The tjozoza, the water-linked half of Mumuye society, make rain at Kugong by whirling the night bullroarers; the tjokwa may not come near while they invoke the rain.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"herreman1988_mumuye","source_type":"scholarly_article","source_url":"https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers14-07/25793.pdf","page_or_plate":"pp. 59–60","map_confidence":"low_medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Kugong (GeoNames 2333622), the place named for the rain-making; ritual site not specified","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"When rain was wanted at Kugong, it was the tjozoza who called it, whirling the babong, the bullroarers of the night. Mumuye society was split in two. The tjozoza belonged to water, and their name means “does not become dry”; the tjokwa belonged to blood and the colour red, and were held to be dangerous. While the tjozoza invoked the rain, no tjokwa might come near. Each half ruled its season, the tjokwa the dry months and the tjozoza the rains, for when the fire is too hot, it is the turn of the water to put it out.","pull_quote":"Ils seraient les faiseurs de pluies à Kugong en faisant tourner les rhombes de la nuit.","pull_quote_translation":"They are said to be the rain-makers at Kugong, whirling the bullroarers of the night.","pull_quote_cite":"Herreman 1988, p. 60","term_gloss":"babong / babung: bullroarer. tjozoza: the water-linked group, “does not become dry.” tjokwa: the blood-linked group (kwa, blood or red).","cls":"weather","class_label":"Weather / fertility magic","color":"#2F6FA3","is_candidate":false,"flags":["weather"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Frank Herreman, “Le masque de bovidé Mumuye (Nord-Est du Nigéria),” in L. Perrois (ed.), Anthropologie de l’art: formes et significations, fasc. 1 (ORSTOM, 1988), pp. 59–60","url":"https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers14-07/25793.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Frank Herreman, “Le masque de bovidé Mumuye (Nord-Est du Nigéria),” in L. Perrois (ed.), Anthropologie de l’art: formes et significations, fasc. 1 (ORSTOM, 1988), pp. 59–60","source_display":"Frank Herreman, “Le masque de bovidé Mumuye (Nord-Est du Nigéria),” in L. Perrois (ed.), Anthropologie de l’art: formes et significations, fasc. 1 (ORSTOM, 1988), pp. 59–60","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Bullroarers called babong or babung, whirled at night; form and material not described.","function_display":"","confidence_display":"low to medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"mumuye","display_name":"Mumuye night bullroarers for rain","image":{"full":"assets/objects/FROBENIUS1925-001_frobenius1913-p191-tschamba-langa-fig4-5.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/FROBENIUS1925-001_frobenius1913-p191-tschamba-langa-fig4-5_thumb.jpg","alt":"Drawing of two long narrow Tschamba langa, one broad tapered wooden blade and one straight-sided iron blade, with cords at their tops.","credit":"Leo Frobenius, Unter den unsträflichen Äthiopen (1913), p. 191, figs. 4-5 (drawn by B. Bauschke)","license":"Public domain (published 1913)","source_page":"https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_MJYPAQAAMAAJ","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Two Tschamba langa, wood and iron, from the Mumuye's neighbours.","pool_id":"auto-FROBENIUS1925-001_frobenius1913-p191-tschamba-langa-fig4-5"},"slug":"herreman1988-001-mumuye-tjozoza-of-kugong"}