{"id":"HAD1898-003","label":"Galicia San River bzik bullroarer","people_or_site":"Poles and Ruthenians on the San River, Galicia","country_current":"Poland / Ukraine","historic_region":"Galicia / San River","macroregion":"Europe / Eastern Europe","local_name":"czurynga","source_term":"bzik / bull-roarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"Elongated ruler-like wooden slat, notched on both narrow edges near one end, fixed to a whip by a simple loop and swung in a circle. In Poland such whip-mounted boards measure 15-60 cm (6-24 in.).","function_summary":"Herd-boys use a whip-mounted bullroarer to excite or drive cattle.","attestation_type":"secondary_catalog","source_key":"figura1896_galicia_schwirrholz","source_type":"source_catalog","source_url":"https://archive.org/details/globus-70.-bd-1896/page/n237/mode/1up","page_or_plate":"Figura 1896, Globus 70:226","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"representative coordinate for named people, place, or region in Haddon","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Along Galicia's San River, herd-boys tied a notched wooden slip to a whip and swung it as the cattle came home. The rising bzik dropped into a low organ note; calves kicked and danced before the whole herd bolted for the village. A man acting foolishly was said to 'have a bzik' — and Figura, whose boyhood memory this was, claimed the French card game bezique took its name from the bull-roarer, by way of a Polish soldiers' game called bzik.","pull_quote":"As soon as the bull-roarers are started the calves stretch out their tails into the air, and kick out their hind legs, sometimes to the right, sometimes to the left, as if they were dancing. After some minutes the old cattle follow the young ones, and there is a general stampede to the village. Therefore one says in Galicia that a man whose brain is not quite right has a 'bzik!'","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"F. Figura, \"Das Schwirrholz in Galizien,\" Globus 1896, p. 226, quoted in Haddon, The Study of Man (1898), p. 287","term_gloss":"bzik (Polish/Galician): the buzzing tuning effect of the whirled wood; idiomatically, a screw loose. Schwirrholz (German): whirled-wood, i.e. bull-roarer.","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Franz Figura, “Das Schwirrholz in Galizien,” Globus 70 (1896), p. 226","url":"https://archive.org/details/globus-70.-bd-1896/page/n237/mode/1up"},{"citation":"Sibyl Marcuse, Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary (1964), s.v. czurynga"},{"citation":"A. C. Haddon, The Study of Man (1898), p. 287"}],"source_citations":"Franz Figura, “Das Schwirrholz in Galizien,” Globus 70 (1896), p. 226; Sibyl Marcuse, Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary (1964), s.v. czurynga; A. C. Haddon, The Study of Man (1898), p. 287","source_display":"Franz Figura, “Das Schwirrholz in Galizien,” Globus 70 (1896), p. 226; Sibyl Marcuse, Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary (1964), s.v. czurynga; A. C. Haddon, The Study of Man (1898), p. 287","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Elongated ruler-like wooden slat, notched on both narrow edges near one end, fixed to a whip by a simple loop and swung in a circle. In Poland such whip-mounted boards measure 15-60 cm (6-24 in.).","function_display":"Herd-boys use a whip-mounted bullroarer to excite or drive cattle.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"secondary catalog","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"poles","display_name":"Galicia San River bzik bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/MUS2026-185_prm_1902_51_6_tewkesbury.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/MUS2026-185_prm_1902_51_6_tewkesbury_thumb.jpg","alt":"Tewkesbury whizzing stick: dark rectangular wooden board with scalloped sides, two rows of round holes, and its surviving cord.","credit":"Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford (1902.51.6)","license":"© Pitt Rivers Museum — non-commercial/educational reuse with attribution","source_page":"https://www.prm.ox.ac.uk/collections-online#/item/prm-object-39630","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Tewkesbury whizzing stick, Pitt Rivers Museum 1902.51.6.","pool_id":"auto-MUS2026-185_prm_1902_51_6_tewkesbury"},"slug":"had1898-003-poles-and-ruthenians-on-the-san-river-galicia"}