{"id":"GUPTA1955-001","label":"Nicobar monsoon roarers on sixty-foot poles","people_or_site":"Nicobarese communities of Katchall and Nancowry","country_current":"India","historic_region":"Central Nicobar Islands","macroregion":"South Asia / Nicobar Islands","local_name":"","source_term":"automatic bull-roarers","source_language":"English","object_description":"A narrow plank twisted and cut so as to revolve in the wind about a central pin, with oppositely facing bamboo nodes at its ends whose openings are partly blocked with rubber or wax, mounted on seafront trees and poles often forty to sixty feet high in the central Nicobars.","function_summary":"Raised in the first week of November to mark the change from the southwest to the northeast monsoon, warn navigators, and ceremonially greet the incoming monsoon.","attestation_type":"related_instrument","source_key":"gupta1951_nicobar_automatic_monsoon_bullroarers","source_type":"official_census_field_report","source_url":"https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/32392/download/35573/23756_1951_REP.pdf","page_or_plate":"Gupta 1955, printed p. lviii (PDF p. 61); Bonington 1932, printed p. 77","map_confidence":"medium_high","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Nancowry island/harbour regional anchor for a practice reported at both Nancowry and Katchall; not an installation coordinate.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"On Katchall and Nancowry the instrument was taken out of human hands and given to the weather. A narrow plank, twisted and cut so the wind turns it on a central pin, carries at each end a node of bamboo facing the opposite way, its mouth part-stopped with rubber or wax; raised on seafront trees and poles forty to sixty feet high, the revolving wood booms exactly as a whirled blade does. The Nicobarese who put them up are sailors and coconut gardeners whose year is cut in two by the monsoons. The installations went up in the first week of November, with ceremony, as the southwest wind gave way to the northeast: a warning to navigators that the season had turned, and a greeting to the incoming monsoon and farewell to the outgoing.","pull_quote":"These, of course, are put up with certain ceremonial rites, the weather playing a most important part on the life of these maritime people.","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"S. K. Gupta, 'The Andaman and Nicobar Islands,' Appendix A in Census of India 1951, Vol. XVII (1955), p. lviii.","term_gloss":"automatic bull-roarer — a bull-roarer that sounds itself: a wind-turned plank whose boom is identical to a whirled blade's.","cls":"weather","class_label":"Weather / fertility magic","color":"#2F6FA3","is_candidate":false,"flags":["weather"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"S. K. Gupta, 'The Andaman and Nicobar Islands,' Appendix A in A. K. Ghosh, Census of India, 1951, Vol. XVII (Government of India, 1955), p. lviii","url":"https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/32392/download/35573/23756_1951_REP.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20241208104750/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/32392/download/35573/23756_1951_REP.pdf"},{"citation":"M. C. C. Bonington, Census of India, 1931, Vol. II, The Andaman and Nicobar Islands (1932), p. 77","url":"https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/32394/download/35575/40153_1931_REP.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261013035148/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/32394/download/35575/40153_1931_REP.pdf"}],"source_citations":"S. K. Gupta, 'The Andaman and Nicobar Islands,' Appendix A in A. K. Ghosh, Census of India, 1951, Vol. XVII (Government of India, 1955), p. lviii; M. C. C. Bonington, Census of India, 1931, Vol. II, The Andaman and Nicobar Islands (1932), p. 77","source_display":"S. K. Gupta, 'The Andaman and Nicobar Islands,' Appendix A in A. K. Ghosh, Census of India, 1951, Vol. XVII (Government of India, 1955), p. lviii; M. C. C. Bonington, Census of India, 1931, Vol. II, The Andaman and Nicobar Islands (1932), p. 77","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A narrow plank twisted and cut so as to revolve in the wind about a central pin, with oppositely facing bamboo nodes at its ends whose openings are partly blocked with rubber or wax, mounted on seafront trees and poles often forty to sixty feet high in the central Nicobars.","function_display":"Raised in the first week of November to mark the change from the southwest to the northeast monsoon, warn navigators, and ceremonially greet the incoming monsoon.","confidence_display":"medium to high","attestation_label":"related instrument","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"nicobarese communities","display_name":"Nicobar monsoon roarers on sixty-foot poles","image":{"full":"assets/objects/GUPTA1955-001_balfour1904_malay_windmill.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/GUPTA1955-001_balfour1904_malay_windmill_thumb.jpg","alt":"Line drawing of a Malay musical windmill, with bamboo whistles fixed at both ends of a horizontal arm on a central post.","credit":"Henry Balfour, Fasciculi Malayenses, Anthropology IIa (1904), p. 7, fig. 3. University of Toronto scan via Internet Archive.","license":"Public domain","source_page":"https://archive.org/details/fasciculimalayen02anna/page/7/mode/1up","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Malay musical windmill with bamboo whistles.","last_modified":"2026-09-06"},"slug":"gupta1955-001-nicobarese-communities-of-katchall-and-nancowry"}