{"id":"GALIN1988-001","label":"Obre I saw-toothed bone arc","people_or_site":"Obre I (Raskršće), Kakanj","country_current":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","historic_region":"Obre I (Raskršće), Kakanj, central Bosnia; Starčevo-Impresso phase I, Early Neolithic","macroregion":"Europe","local_name":"nazobčana brnivka","source_term":"nazobčana brnivka / toothed bullroarer / rhombe dentelé","source_language":"Slovenian / English / French (caption); English (Galin)","object_description":"A curved strip of carefully polished bone, saw-toothed along both edges, widening at its surviving end into a small head pierced by a round hole; the other end is broken. Excavated at Obre I in the Starčevo-Impresso phase I levels.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"archaeological_find","source_key":"galin1988_bosnia_toothed_bullroarer_fig37","source_type":"archaeomusicological_review","source_url":"https://hrcak.srce.hr/en/53672","page_or_plate":"Benac 1979, pp. 377–378, pl. LIII.8 (Obre I, phase I); Galin 1988, p. 136, fig. 37; Omerzel Terlep 1998, p. 155, fig. 7","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"candidate_only","coordinate_basis":"Obre I (Raskršće), the Early Neolithic settlement at Obre near Kakanj, central Bosnia, at 44.101, 18.136 (Hofmann 2020 site table); the object is Benac's Obre I plate LIII.8.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Teeth run down both edges of this bent strip of bone, and at its one surviving end a small round head is pierced for a cord. It comes from Obre I in central Bosnia, the earliest village on the site, where Starčevo-Impresso farmers kept herds, hunted, and gave far more care to bone than to stone. Alojz Benac, who dug the village, found its polish and form so fine that he ranked it a true work of art. It lay with the settlement's few treasures — an amber pendant, a worked Spondylus shell — within or beside its cult structures. Krešimir Galin, surveying the ancient instruments of Yugoslavia, counted it among the bullroarers of the early Neolithic.","pull_quote":"The bull roarers of the early Neolithic correspond to comparative specimens of bull roarers found in Bosnia and Hercegovina, from the site of Obre (Fig. no. 37) (A. Benac, 1979, 363)...","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"Krešimir Galin, 'Archeological Findings of Musical Instruments in Yugoslavia', Narodna umjetnost Special Issue 2 (1988), p. 136","term_gloss":"nazobčana brnivka: Slovenian, 'toothed bullroarer' — Omerzel Terlep's caption for the drawing; brnivka is her general term for a whirred sound-maker, the same word she uses of the Potočka zijalka point.","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":true,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"f_archaeology":true,"archaeology_kind":"object","date_display":"c. 6000–5350 BC","date_qualification":"Obre I Phase I, Early Neolithic site horizon; object not directly dated.","date_basis":"typological_association","date_confidence":"medium","date_citation":"Benac 1979 pl. LIII.8 (Obre I, Starčevo-Impresso phase I); Galin 1988 p. 136 fig. 37; Vander Linden, Pandžić and Orton 2022","sources":[{"citation":"Alojz Benac, in Praistorija jugoslavenskih zemalja II: Neolitsko doba (Sarajevo, 1979), pp. 377–378, pl. LIII.8","url":"https://www.scribd.com/document/477326602/Praistorija-jugoslavenskih-zemalja-II-PJZ"},{"citation":"Krešimir Galin, “Archeological Findings of Musical Instruments in Yugoslavia,” Narodna umjetnost Special Issue 2 (1988), pp. 123-148, at p. 136; fig. 37 (plate pp. 147-148)","url":"https://hrcak.srce.hr/en/53672","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261013033849/https://hrcak.srce.hr/en/53672"},{"citation":"Mira Omerzel Terlep, “Prehistoric stone and bone percussion instruments, scrapers, idiophones, rattles and bullroarers,” Etnolog 8 (1998), p. 155, fig. 7; p. 169","url":"https://www.etno-muzej.si/files/etnolog/pdf/0354-0316_8_omerzel_pra.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240628012254/https://www.etno-muzej.si/files/etnolog/pdf/0354-0316_8_omerzel_pra.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Alojz Benac, in Praistorija jugoslavenskih zemalja II: Neolitsko doba (Sarajevo, 1979), pp. 377–378, pl. LIII.8; Krešimir Galin, “Archeological Findings of Musical Instruments in Yugoslavia,” Narodna umjetnost Special Issue 2 (1988), pp. 123-148, at p. 136; fig. 37 (plate pp. 147-148); Mira Omerzel Terlep, “Prehistoric stone and bone percussion instruments, scrapers, idiophones, rattles and bullroarers,” Etnolog 8 (1998), p. 155, fig. 7; p. 169","source_display":"Alojz Benac, in Praistorija jugoslavenskih zemalja II: Neolitsko doba (Sarajevo, 1979), pp. 377–378, pl. LIII.8; Krešimir Galin, “Archeological Findings of Musical Instruments in Yugoslavia,” Narodna umjetnost Special Issue 2 (1988), pp. 123-148, at p. 136; fig. 37 (plate pp. 147-148); Mira Omerzel Terlep, “Prehistoric stone and bone percussion…","date_citation_display":"Benac 1979 pl. LIII.8 (Obre I, Starčevo-Impresso phase I); Galin 1988 p. 136 fig. 37; Vander Linden, Pandžić and Orton 2022","object_display":"A curved strip of carefully polished bone, saw-toothed along both edges, widening at its surviving end into a small head pierced by a round hole; the other end is broken. Excavated at Obre I in the Starčevo-Impresso phase I levels.","function_display":"Not recorded.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"archaeological find","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"obre","display_name":"Obre I saw-toothed bone arc","image":{"full":"assets/objects/GALIN1988-001_omerzel1998_fig7_toothed_brnivka.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/GALIN1988-001_omerzel1998_fig7_toothed_brnivka_thumb.jpg","credit":"Mira Omerzel-Terlep, Etnolog 8 (1998), fig. 7, after Krešimir Galin","license":"No open license stated; rehosted low-resolution figure for noncommercial research","source_page":"https://www.etno-muzej.si/files/etnolog/pdf/0354-0316_8_omerzel_pra.pdf","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Omerzel-Terlep’s fig. 7: the toothed Bosnia-Herzegovina bullroarer drawing."},"slug":"galin1988-001-bosnia-herzegovina-probably-obre"}