{"id":"FOWLER1979-001","label":"Kaibab Southern Paiute notched whirrers","people_or_site":"Kaibab Southern Paiute","country_current":"United States","historic_region":"Arizona Strip / Kaibab Indian Reservation, northern Arizona","macroregion":"North America / Great Basin","local_name":"naiyaratinömpö","source_term":"bullroarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"A 67.5 cm Rhus trilobata stick, 76 cm four-ply sinew cord, and 69 cm buckskin thong carry two three-notched wooden whirrers (9 x 4 cm and 7 x 3 cm).","function_summary":"This specimen's use is unrecorded; among the Kaibab the bull-roarer was a toy and was whirled to make the wind blow.","attestation_type":"museum_specimen","source_key":"fowler_matley1979_numa_usnm_10773_1","source_type":"smithsonian_publication","source_url":"https://repository.si.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/dbf31b86-c90f-4dd5-b55e-2eb8084dee1a/content","page_or_plate":"p. 72, fig. 62a; table 2; Stewart 1942 printed p. 291 (els. 2792, 2795, 2797, 2799), p. 352 vocabulary","map_confidence":"low","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Representative Kaibab Indian Reservation anchor on Arizona's northern border. The source gives a collection attribution, not an object findspot.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Powell's collection preserves a strange compound roarer: a long sumac staff, sinew cord and buckskin thong carrying two small notched wooden whirrers — an elaborate three-part rig gathered while the one-armed major was mapping the canyon country of the Colorado. What the Kaibab used the bull-roarer for was set down some sixty years on, when Mose, a blind Kaibab elder at Moccasin, Arizona, described the naiyaratinömpö to Omer Stewart: a wooden blade on a handled string, a boy's toy — and a means of making the wind blow. Powell's catalogue credits the rig to the Kaibab, whose name he himself carried onto the map: Southern Paiute for 'mountain lying down.'","pull_quote":"There is a single bullroarer in the collection.","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"Fowler and Matley, Material Culture of the Numa (1979), p. 72.","term_gloss":"naiyaratinömpö: the Kaibab word for the bull-roarer.","cls":"weather","class_label":"Weather / fertility magic","color":"#2F6FA3","is_candidate":false,"flags":["weather","toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Don D. Fowler and John F. Matley, Material Culture of the Numa (Smithsonian, 1979), p. 72, fig. 62a and table 2 (USNM 10773/1); Omer C. Stewart, 'Culture Element Distributions: XVIII, Ute-Southern Paiute,' Anthropological Records 6(4) (1942), Kaibab list, p. 239","url":"https://repository.si.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/dbf31b86-c90f-4dd5-b55e-2eb8084dee1a/content","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260520193452/https://repository.si.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/dbf31b86-c90f-4dd5-b55e-2eb8084dee1a/content"}],"source_citations":"Don D. Fowler and John F. Matley, Material Culture of the Numa (Smithsonian, 1979), p. 72, fig. 62a and table 2 (USNM 10773/1); Omer C. Stewart, 'Culture Element Distributions: XVIII, Ute-Southern Paiute,' Anthropological Records 6(4) (1942), Kaibab list, p. 239","source_display":"Don D. Fowler and John F. Matley, Material Culture of the Numa (Smithsonian, 1979), p. 72, fig. 62a and table 2 (USNM 10773/1); Omer C. Stewart, 'Culture Element Distributions: XVIII, Ute-Southern Paiute,' Anthropological Records 6(4) (1942), Kaibab list, p. 239","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A 67.5 cm Rhus trilobata stick, 76 cm four-ply sinew cord, and 69 cm buckskin thong carry two three-notched wooden whirrers (9 x 4 cm and 7 x 3 cm).","function_display":"This specimen's use is unrecorded; among the Kaibab the bull-roarer was a toy and was whirled to make the wind blow.","confidence_display":"low","attestation_label":"museum specimen","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"kaibab southern","display_name":"Kaibab Southern Paiute notched whirrers","image":{"full":"assets/objects/STEWART1941-004_stewart1941-004-kaibab-usnm10773-rig.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/STEWART1941-004_stewart1941-004-kaibab-usnm10773-rig_thumb.jpg","credit":"Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, USNM E10773-0 (bullroarer component USNM 10773/1); Anthropology Collections Management photograph","license":"Rights reserved / Usage Conditions Apply (Smithsonian); rehosted for non-commercial research. Metadata CC0 is not an image licence.","source_page":"https://www.si.edu/object/two-notched-stick-rattles-pam-pu-ni-2:nmnhanthropology_8328439","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Kaibab whirrer rig: two notched whirrers on stick and cords."},"slug":"fowler1979-001-kaibab-southern-paiute"}