{"id":"FEWKES1898-001","label":"Sikyatki grave paho","people_or_site":"Ancestral Hopi / Sikyatki","country_current":"United States","historic_region":"Arizona / Tusayan / Navajo County","macroregion":"North America / Southwest","local_name":"","source_term":"whizzer or bull-roarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"One of a series of 'peculiar razor-shape' pahos (prayer-sticks) from the Sikyatki graves, figured as plate CLXXV, figure s: a broad flat blade, flat on one side and rounded on the other, narrowing at one end where Fewkes thought it 'was probably continued in a shaft', with a hole punctured at the opposite, wide extremity 'as if for suspension'. Wood. No dimensions were ever published.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"archaeological_find","source_key":"fewkes1898_sikyatki","source_type":"archaeological_report","source_url":"https://archive.org/details/archeologicalexp00fewk","page_or_plate":"p. 738; plate CLXXV, figure s (list of plates: \"CLXXV. Pahos or prayer-sticks from Sikyatki . . . 738\")","map_confidence":"low","plot_status":"candidate_only","coordinate_basis":"Sikyatki ruin, at the eastern base of First Mesa, Arizona; the coordinate follows Fewkes's own siting of the site.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Somewhere before the Spaniards reached Tusayan, Sikyatki was burned by warriors out of Walpi, and its dead were buried with prayer-sticks. When Jesse Walter Fewkes dug the graves in 1895 he found a run of what he called razor-shape pahos - broad flat blades, one face flat and one rounded, tapering at one end to a tang, pierced at the other as if to hang. He drew two of them, catalogued the lot as prayer-sticks, and then let one sentence out: it is barely possible, he wrote, that this was a whizzer, of the kind Hopi dancers still swung to imitate the wind, carried by the man who plays the warrior. He never said it again. The blade went to Washington in a lot of fifteen fragments and was never measured.","pull_quote":"It is barely possible that this may have been a whizzer or bull-roarer, such as are used at the present day to imitate the wind, and commonly carried by the performer in a public dance who personifies the warrior.","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"Fewkes 1898, 17th Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, part 2, p. 738","term_gloss":"","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":true,"flags":["snake","agriculture","weather"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":true,"f_archaeology":true,"archaeology_kind":"object","date_display":"Before 1540 AD","date_qualification":"pre-Spanish Sikyatki grave horizon; object not directly dated.","date_basis":"site_horizon","date_confidence":"low","date_citation":"FEWKES_1898_SIKYATKI, pp. 592, 635 and 738 pl. CLXXV fig. s","sources":[{"citation":"J. W. Fewkes, 'Archeological Expedition to Arizona in 1895', Seventeenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, part 2 (1898), pp. 519-744","url":"https://archive.org/details/archeologicalexp00fewk"}],"source_citations":"J. W. Fewkes, 'Archeological Expedition to Arizona in 1895', Seventeenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, part 2 (1898), pp. 519-744","source_display":"J. W. Fewkes, 'Archeological Expedition to Arizona in 1895', Seventeenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, part 2 (1898), pp. 519-744","date_citation_display":"Fewkes 1898 Sikyatki, pp. 592, 635 and 738 pl. CLXXV fig. s","object_display":"One of a series of 'peculiar razor-shape' pahos (prayer-sticks) from the Sikyatki graves, figured as plate CLXXV, figure s: a broad flat blade, flat on one side and rounded on the other, narrowing at one end where Fewkes thought it 'was probably continued in a shaft', with a hole punctured at the opposite, wide extremity 'as if for suspension'. Wood. No dimensions were ever published.","function_display":"Not recorded.","confidence_display":"low","attestation_label":"archaeological find","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"ancestral hopi","display_name":"Sikyatki grave paho","image":{"full":"assets/objects/pd_plates/fewkes1898_plate175_fig_s_sikyatki_paho.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/pd_plates/fewkes1898_plate175_fig_s_sikyatki_paho_thumb.jpg","credit":"J. W. Fewkes, Archeological Expedition to Arizona in 1895 (17th Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, pt. 2, 1898), plate CLXXV, fig. s","license":"Public domain (US government publication, 1898)","source_page":"https://archive.org/details/annualreportofbu1721smit","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"The Sikyatki grave paho: a flat, weathered blade inked with its catalog number, 'Sikyatki, Ariz.' and Fewkes's name."},"slug":"fewkes1898-001-ancestral-hopi-sikyatki"}