{"id":"EUROPE-005","label":"Le Morin cave","people_or_site":"Le Morin cave","country_current":"France","historic_region":"Magdalenian final, Gironde","macroregion":"Europe / Southwest France","local_name":"rhombe","source_term":"rhombe","source_language":"","object_description":"Fragmentary decorated bone bramadera from AIII Magdalenian final level.","function_summary":"Whirled-cord aerophone.","attestation_type":"secondary_catalog","source_key":"mining2026","source_type":"secondary_literature","source_url":"https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf","page_or_plate":"p.152","map_confidence":"high","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"approximate territory centroid (mining 2026)","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"A thin sliver of bone, 76 mm long and ground flat on both faces to an oval cross-section barely 2.5 mm thick, carries engraved silhouettes of bison running along each side. R. Deffarge pulled it from level AIII, the final Magdalenian, of the abri Morin at Pessac-sur-Dordogne in the Gironde, and its first publishers — Deffarge, Laurent and Denise de Sonneville-Bordes, in their 1975 study of the shelter's portable art — catalogued it simply as a pendant. Michel Dauvois later argued the proportions instead fit a rhombe, a whirled bullroarer, and grouped it with similarly bison-engraved examples from Lortet and Fontalès. Bison and aurochs bellow at a very low pitch, not unlike the droning whirr the instrument makes when spun.","pull_quote":"El buen fragmento, de 76 mm de longitud … de lámina ósea delgada cuidadosamente pulida por ambas caras … recuperado por R. Deffarge en el nivel AIII (Magdaleniense final) del abri Morin (Gironde) con sendas representaciones grabadas de siluetas de bisonte a lo largo de sus caras, fue clasificado como simple colgante … aunque razonadamente se defiende ahora su adscripción a la categoría de rombo en hueso.","pull_quote_translation":"The fine fragment, 76 mm long … of thin bone lamina carefully polished on both faces … recovered by R. Deffarge in level AIII (final Magdalenian) of the abri Morin (Gironde), bearing engraved representations of bison silhouettes along its faces, was classified as a simple pendant … although its assignment to the category of bone bullroarer is now reasonably defended.","pull_quote_cite":"Barandiarán Maestu 2012, \"Forma vs. función en tipología prehistórica: el caso de las bramaderas óseas magdalenienses,\" Veleia 29:320","term_gloss":"rhombe — French for \"bullroarer,\" a slat whirled on a cord to produce a roaring or droning sound.","cls":"sacred","class_label":"Sacred / spirit","color":"#8A5A2B","is_candidate":false,"flags":["spirit_voice"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"f_archaeology":true,"archaeology_kind":"object","date_display":"c. 12,000–9000 BC","date_qualification":"Level AIII, final Magdalenian; object not directly dated.","date_basis":"stratigraphic","date_confidence":"high","date_citation":"mining2026, p.152","etymology":"From Greek rhombos (from rhembō, to whirl), the instrument spun on a string in the ancient mysteries and by boys as a toy.","literal_gloss":"French bullroarer / rhombus term","semantic_cluster":"classical_spinning_object","etymology_confidence":"medium","sources":[{"citation":"R. Deffarge, P. Laurent and D. de Sonneville-Bordes 1975, Art mobilier du Magdalénien supérieur de l'abri Morin à Pessac-sur-Dordogne (Gironde), Gallia Préhistoire 18(1):34-36; Michel Dauvois 2005/06, Munibe 57:232, fig. 3 no. 4, and 2018, Revue de Paléobiologie 37(2):460; Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu 2012, Veleia 29:320, and 2015, Kobie BAI 6:152","url":"https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20240530134905/https://www.bizkaia.eus/fitxategiak/04/ondarea/Kobie/PDF/7/Kobie_BAI_06_web-7.pdf"}],"source_citations":"R. Deffarge, P. Laurent and D. de Sonneville-Bordes 1975, Art mobilier du Magdalénien supérieur de l'abri Morin à Pessac-sur-Dordogne (Gironde), Gallia Préhistoire 18(1):34-36; Michel Dauvois 2005/06, Munibe 57:232, fig. 3 no. 4, and 2018, Revue de Paléobiologie 37(2):460; Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu 2012, Veleia 29:320, and 2015, Kobie BAI 6:152","source_display":"R. Deffarge, P. Laurent and D. de Sonneville-Bordes 1975, Art mobilier du Magdalénien supérieur de l'abri Morin à Pessac-sur-Dordogne (Gironde), Gallia Préhistoire 18(1):34-36; Michel Dauvois 2005/06, Munibe 57:232, fig. 3 no. 4, and 2018, Revue de Paléobiologie 37(2):460; Ignacio Barandiarán Maestu 2012, Veleia 29:320, and 2015, Kobie BAI 6:152","date_citation_display":"Mining 2026, p.152","object_display":"Fragmentary decorated bone bramadera from AIII Magdalenian final level.","function_display":"Whirled-cord aerophone.","confidence_display":"high","attestation_label":"secondary catalog","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"morin cave","display_name":"Le Morin cave","image":{"full":"assets/objects/hunt_2026_10_03/EUROPE-005_lemorin_deffarge1975_fig29.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/hunt_2026_10_03/thumbs/EUROPE-005_lemorin_deffarge1975_fig29_thumb.jpg","credit":"R. Deffarge, P. Laurent & D. de Sonneville-Bordes (1975), fig. 29; via Don’s Maps","license":"Rights reserved (figure from Deffarge et al. 1975, via Don's Maps); rehosted for non-commercial research.","source_page":"https://www.donsmaps.com/lemorin.html","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Both faces of the engraved bone blade from Le Morin, Gironde, each with an animal figure, drawn with section and scale."},"slug":"europe-005-le-morin-cave"}