{"id":"DRUCKER1950-010","label":"Haisla bullroarer","people_or_site":"Xaisla (Haisla)","country_current":"Canada","historic_region":"Kitimat, head of Douglas Channel, British Columbia","macroregion":"North America / Northwest Coast","local_name":"","source_term":"bullroarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"A slat swung on a cord fastened to a handle, the standard form all along this coast. Neither dimensions nor material recorded.","function_summary":"A child's toy; no ceremonial use recorded.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"drucker1950_northwest_coast","source_type":"primary_ethnography","source_url":"https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/anthpubs/ucb/text/ucar009-004.pdf","page_or_plate":"printed p. 199, elements 854-857; notes printed p. 268","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Kitimat, head of Douglas Channel, British Columbia -- territory anchor, not a findspot.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"The Haisla, eulachon people at Kitimat and Kitlope, lived at the heads of Douglas and Gardner channels, cut off from their Wakashan relatives to the south by Tsimshian holding the outer coasts — about as isolated as anyone on the coast. Their bullroarer had the usual handle and belonged to children, with no ceremonial use. It came from the older life up the river, before the move down to salt water.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Philip Drucker, 'Culture Element Distributions: XXVI, Northwest Coast,' University of California Anthropological Records 9:3 (Berkeley, 1950), p. 199, elements 854-857, with notes p. 268","url":"https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/anthpubs/ucb/text/ucar009-004.pdf","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260814094042/https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/anthpubs/ucb/text/ucar009-004.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Philip Drucker, 'Culture Element Distributions: XXVI, Northwest Coast,' University of California Anthropological Records 9:3 (Berkeley, 1950), p. 199, elements 854-857, with notes p. 268","source_display":"Philip Drucker, 'Culture Element Distributions: XXVI, Northwest Coast,' University of California Anthropological Records 9:3 (Berkeley, 1950), p. 199, elements 854-857, with notes p. 268","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A slat swung on a cord fastened to a handle, the standard form all along this coast. Neither dimensions nor material recorded.","function_display":"A child's toy; no ceremonial use recorded.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"xaisla","display_name":"Haisla bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/MUS2026-005_nmai_19-5826_hunkpapa.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/MUS2026-005_nmai_19-5826_hunkpapa_thumb.jpg","alt":"Hunkpapa Lakota bone bullroarer with notches along both edges and a perforation near one end.","credit":"National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution (19/5826)","license":"Usage Conditions Apply (NMAI)","source_page":"https://americanindian.si.edu/collections-search/object/NMAI_208918","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Hunkpapa Lakota serrated bone bullroarer.","pool_id":"american-west-hunkpapa-serrated","last_modified":"2026-08-11"},"slug":"drucker1950-010-xaisla-haisla"}