{"id":"COLLINS1979-001","label":"Nilmile, made by hand","people_or_site":"Upper Kuskokwim (Dichinanek' Hwt'ana), Nikolai and Telida","country_current":"United States","historic_region":"Upper Kuskokwim River: Nikolai and Telida, interior Alaska","macroregion":"North America / Subarctic","local_name":"nilmile","source_term":"bull roarer (n) nilmile","source_language":"Upper Kuskokwim (Dinak'i)","object_description":"A bullroarer, called nilmile; its form is not recorded.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"lexical_attestation","source_key":"collins_petruska1979_upper_kuskokwim_dictionary","source_type":"language_dictionary","source_url":"https://uafanlc.alaska.edu/Online/UK964CP1979/UK964CP1979-Upper_Kuskokwim_%20Dictionary.pdf","page_or_plate":"p. 12 (PDF p. 45): 'bull roarer (n) nilmile / He made a bull roarer. / Nilmile iłtsen.'","map_confidence":"low","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Nikolai village as the representative Upper Kuskokwim community anchor; the dictionary's speakers lived at Nikolai and Telida. A language-level anchor, not a collection point.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"On the headwaters of the Kuskokwim, the Dina'ena, the Timber River people, call the bullroarer nilmile. Their dictionary gives the word one sentence, and it is about making one: Nilmile iłtsen, 'He made a bull roarer.' Up here salmon arrive in hundreds rather than millions, so the year was built around them: king salmon taken at fences and weirs on spawning side streams, then hunting out toward the mountains, until the scattered bands drew together at Nikolai and Telida.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"nilmile: bullroarer (Collins and Petruska 1979, p. 12).","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Raymond L. Collins and Betty Petruska, Dinak'i (Our Words): Upper Kuskokwim Athabaskan Junior Dictionary (University of Alaska, 1979), p. 12","url":"https://uafanlc.alaska.edu/Online/UK964CP1979/UK964CP1979-Upper_Kuskokwim_%20Dictionary.pdf"},{"citation":"Raymond L. Collins, Dichinanek' Hwt'ana: A History of the People of the Upper Kuskokwim who Live in Nikolai and Telida, Alaska (2000, rev. 2004)","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20090510183949/http://www.nps.gov/dena/historyculture/upload/Dichinanek%20Hwtana.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Raymond L. Collins and Betty Petruska, Dinak'i (Our Words): Upper Kuskokwim Athabaskan Junior Dictionary (University of Alaska, 1979), p. 12; Raymond L. Collins, Dichinanek' Hwt'ana: A History of the People of the Upper Kuskokwim who Live in Nikolai and Telida, Alaska (2000, rev. 2004)","source_display":"Raymond L. Collins and Betty Petruska, Dinak'i (Our Words): Upper Kuskokwim Athabaskan Junior Dictionary (University of Alaska, 1979), p. 12; Raymond L. Collins, Dichinanek' Hwt'ana: A History of the People of the Upper Kuskokwim who Live in Nikolai and Telida, Alaska (2000, rev. 2004)","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A bullroarer, called nilmile; its form is not recorded.","function_display":"Not recorded.","confidence_display":"low","attestation_label":"lexical attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"upper kuskokwim","display_name":"Nilmile, made by hand","image":{"full":"assets/objects/museum_harvest/ypm_ANT050129.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/museum_harvest/thumbs/ypm_ANT050129_thumb.jpg","alt":"Deg Hit’an (Ingalik) bull-roarer made by Billy Williams at Anvik, Alaska: a pale spruce blade with saw-toothed edges and a rawhide line wound around and across the blade.","credit":"Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM ANT 050129)","license":"CC0","source_page":"https://collections.peabody.yale.edu/search/Record/YPM-ANT-050129","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"A Deg Hit'an spruce bullroarer on a rawhide line, from the lower Yukon.","pool_id":"auto-museum_harvest--ypm_ANT050129"},"slug":"collins1979-001-upper-kuskokwim-dichinanek-hwt-ana-nikolai-and-telida"}