{"id":"CJFN15-003","label":"Antakirinya pulpiŋba, iguana ancestors","people_or_site":"Antakirinya / Antikirinya / Antakarinja","country_current":"Australia","historic_region":"North-west South Australia / Coober Pedy and Charlotte Waters region","macroregion":"Australia","local_name":"pulpiŋba","source_term":"bullroarer","source_language":"English","object_description":"Carved wooden blade with designs representing iguana markings, swung on human-hair or wombat-fur twine.","function_summary":"Sounded before circumcision and subincision; given to the initiate after subincision and kept hidden.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"cormier_jones2015_domesticated_penis","source_type":"primary_ethnography","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1834-4461.1941.tb00343.x","page_or_plate":"Berndt 1941 pp.5,7–10; Fig.2 no.1 (p.10); p.17 (linked mother-snake story)","map_confidence":"medium_high","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"SA Museum Antakirinja public coordinate, 134deg0E x 27deg10S, used as a broad regional anchor only. | Berndt’s direct account was collected from Antakirinya at Ooldea; the existing point represents their homeland, not the 1939 interview site.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"The first bullroarer was made for the first subincision. The two iguana ancestors Kuruka'di and Mumba marked it like an iguana's back and strung it with human-hair or wombat-fur twine. Kuruka'di swung it first, warning the Kunkarunkara women away; then the two men subincised each other, founding the rite. Among the Antakirinya the pulpiŋba sounded before circumcision and subincision. A newly subincised youth received one and hid it; only after both ceremonies could he make his own. In a story the Antakirinya also knew, the same heroes speared a great mother snake whose blood, urine and excreta became the red, yellow and white ochres of Mul'tan'tu.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"pulpiŋba: Berndt’s Antakirinya bullroarer term; no literal gloss supplied.","cls":"restricted","class_label":"Restricted","color":"#A43C2F","is_candidate":false,"flags":["snake","initiation","women_taboo"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":true,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":true,"sources":[{"citation":"R. M. Berndt, “Tribal Migrations and Myths Centring on Ooldea, South Australia,” Oceania 12(1) (1941): 1–20, pp. 5, 7–10, 17, fig. 2 no. 1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1834-4461.1941.tb00343.x"}],"source_citations":"R. M. Berndt, “Tribal Migrations and Myths Centring on Ooldea, South Australia,” Oceania 12(1) (1941): 1–20, pp. 5, 7–10, 17, fig. 2 no. 1","source_display":"R. M. Berndt, “Tribal Migrations and Myths Centring on Ooldea, South Australia,” Oceania 12(1) (1941): 1–20, pp. 5, 7–10, 17, fig. 2 no. 1","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Carved wooden blade with designs representing iguana markings, swung on human-hair or wombat-fur twine.","function_display":"Sounded before circumcision and subincision; given to the initiate after subincision and kept hidden.","confidence_display":"medium to high","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"antakirinya","display_name":"Antakirinya pulpiŋba, iguana ancestors","image":{"full":"assets/objects/CJFN15-003_cjfn15-003-berndt1941-fig2-1.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/CJFN15-003_cjfn15-003-berndt1941-fig2-1_thumb.jpg","credit":"R. M. Berndt, Tribal Migrations and Myths Centring on Ooldea, Oceania 12(1), 1941, Fig. 2 no. 1, p. 10","license":"Copyright status unconfirmed (1941 publication); rehosted for non-commercial research.","source_page":"https://archive.org/details/sim_oceania_1941-09_12_1/page/10/mode/1up","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"A pulpiŋba as Berndt drew it in 1941, its blade marked like an iguana’s back."},"slug":"cjfn15-003-antakirinya-antikirinya-antakarinja"}