{"id":"CARLSON1994-001","label":"Vû of Farakala","people_or_site":"Supyire (Kampwo dialect), Farakala and neighbouring villages","country_current":"Mali","historic_region":"Kampwo, west of Sikasso, Sikasso Region","macroregion":"Africa / West Africa","local_name":"vû","source_term":"bull-roarer","source_language":"Supyire; English","object_description":"Not recorded.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"lexical_attestation","source_key":"carlson1994_supyire_grammar","source_type":"academic_language_description","source_url":"https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110883053_A19810674/preview-9783110883053_A19810674.pdf","page_or_plate":"p. 50, ex. (98); pp. 1–3","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Farakala village (geographic.org Mali fid 3891), 40 km west of Sikasso as Carlson places it (p. 1); the language-data base, not a performance site.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"The Supyire have a single syllable for the bullroarer: vû, falling from high to low, with a low tone floating unspoken in front of it. They are farmers of southeastern Mali who grow cereals and keep livestock, in villages that never answered to any authority above the village until the Jula kingdom of Sikasso, then French West Africa, then Mali took them in. By their own tradition they came from the south, where most Senufo peoples still live. It is the word at Farakala, forty kilometres west of Sikasso, and the villages around it.","pull_quote":"","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"","term_gloss":"vû (with initial floating low tone): Supyire 'bull-roarer'.","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Robert Carlson, A Grammar of Supyire (Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1994), pp. 1–3, 50","url":"https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110883053_A19810674/preview-9783110883053_A19810674.pdf"}],"source_citations":"Robert Carlson, A Grammar of Supyire (Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1994), pp. 1–3, 50","source_display":"Robert Carlson, A Grammar of Supyire (Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1994), pp. 1–3, 50","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Not recorded.","function_display":"","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"lexical attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"supyire","display_name":"Vû of Farakala","image":{"full":"assets/objects/PEPPER1969-001_pepper1969-001-ndut-gum-paxa-correa.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/PEPPER1969-001_pepper1969-001-ndut-gum-paxa-correa_thumb.jpg","alt":"Low-contrast catalogue-page photograph of an arm extending a thin cord over open ground, illustrating the Ndut gum paxa bullroarer; the blade itself is indistinct.","credit":"E. Correa / Herbert Pepper, Archives culturelles du Sénégal (1969), plate facing p. 108","license":"Rights reserved (E. Correa / ORSTOM–IRD); rehosted for non-commercial research","source_page":"https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/num-dakar-02/04918.pdf#page=155","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Ndut gum paxa bullroarer suspended on its cord","pool_id":"auto-PEPPER1969-001_pepper1969-001-ndut-gum-paxa-correa","auto_assigned":true,"last_modified":"2026-10-19"},"slug":"carlson1994-001-supyire-kampwo-dialect-farakala-and-neighbouring-villages"}