{"id":"BONANZINGA2013-001","label":"Mistretta Sicily lapuni Holy Week bullroarer","people_or_site":"Mistretta","country_current":"Italy","historic_region":"Sicily / Messina Province","macroregion":"Europe / Mediterranean","local_name":"lapuni","source_term":"rombo / lapuni","source_language":"Italian","object_description":"Wooden lapuni: rectangular at Mistretta and triangular in specimens from neighboring San Fratello. Pitrè describes the broader Sicilian form as about 15 × 6–7 cm, with an approximately 80 cm cord fixed to one end and rapidly whirled by hand.","function_summary":"At Mistretta, adults sounded the lapuni during Holy Week when the church bells were tied; no particular use was recorded for the San Fratello specimens.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"pitre1883_cocchiara_mistretta","source_type":"ethnography","source_url":"https://archive.org/stream/ldpd_13033030_025/ldpd_13033030_025_djvu.txt","page_or_plate":"Bonanzinga et al. 2013:64; Cocchiara 1938:127-128; Pitrè 1883:415","map_confidence":"high","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Mistretta town anchor","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"When Mistretta’s church bells fell silent for Holy Week, adults took up the lapuni: rectangular wooden slats whirled on long cords, their drone compared in Sicily to the hum of a male bee.\r\n\r\nIn neighboring San Fratello, the same lapuni took a different shape: small triangular wooden slats rather than Mistretta’s rectangular blades.","pull_quote":"il lapuni venga adoperato anche dagli adulti, durante le cerimonie della Settimana Santa, quando le campane sono legate","pull_quote_translation":"the lapuni is used also by adults during Holy Week ceremonies, when the bells are tied","pull_quote_cite":"Cocchiara 1938, pp. 127-128, quoted in Bonanzinga 2013","term_gloss":"lapuni (Sicilian; Italian apone, 'big bee'): the bullroarer, named for its imitation of the male bee's hum","cls":"sacred","class_label":"Sacred / spirit","color":"#8A5A2B","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Sergio Bonanzinga, in Giovanni Paolo Di Stefano, Selima Giorgia Giuliano and Sandra Proto (eds.), Strumenti musicali in Sicilia (2013), p. 64"},{"citation":"Giuseppe Cocchiara (1938), pp. 127-128, quoted in Bonanzinga (2013), p. 64"},{"citation":"Giuseppe Pitrè, La famiglia, la casa e la vita del popolo siciliano (1913), pp. 431-432","url":"https://archive.org/stream/ldpd_13033030_025/ldpd_13033030_025_djvu.txt"},{"citation":"Giuseppe Pitrè (1883), p. 415, cited in the Bonanzinga/Cocchiara source chain"}],"source_citations":"Sergio Bonanzinga, in Giovanni Paolo Di Stefano, Selima Giorgia Giuliano and Sandra Proto (eds.), Strumenti musicali in Sicilia (2013), p. 64; Giuseppe Cocchiara (1938), pp. 127-128, quoted in Bonanzinga (2013), p. 64; Giuseppe Pitrè, La famiglia, la casa e la vita del popolo siciliano (1913), pp. 431-432; Giuseppe Pitrè (1883), p. 415, cited in the Bonanzinga/Cocchiara source chain","source_display":"Sergio Bonanzinga, in Giovanni Paolo Di Stefano, Selima Giorgia Giuliano and Sandra Proto (eds.), Strumenti musicali in Sicilia (2013), p. 64; Giuseppe Cocchiara (1938), pp. 127-128, quoted in Bonanzinga (2013), p. 64; Giuseppe Pitrè, La famiglia, la casa e la vita del popolo siciliano (1913), pp. 431-432; Giuseppe Pitrè (1883), p. 415, cited in the…","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Wooden lapuni: rectangular at Mistretta and triangular in specimens from neighboring San Fratello. Pitrè describes the broader Sicilian form as about 15 × 6–7 cm, with an approximately 80 cm cord fixed to one end and rapidly whirled by hand.","function_display":"At Mistretta, adults sounded the lapuni during Holy Week when the church bells were tied; no particular use was recorded for the San Fratello specimens.","confidence_display":"high","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"mistretta","display_name":"Mistretta Sicily lapuni Holy Week bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/EXH2026-010_mps_0216SM.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/EXH2026-010_mps_0216SM_thumb.jpg","alt":"A rectangular wooden Piedmontese rombo with rounded ends, its cord looped at one end and wound around the board.","credit":"Civico Museo del Paesaggio Sonoro, Riva presso Chieri (0216SM, maker Eugenio Reolon), via MIMO","license":"MIMO / Museo del Paesaggio Sonoro — license unstated; rehosted for non-commercial research","source_page":"https://mimo-international.com/MIMO/doc/IFD/OAI_MPS_231","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Piedmontese folk rombo (MIMO).","pool_id":"italy-rombo"},"slug":"bonanzinga2013-001-mistretta"}