{"id":"BECK2008-001","label":"Yuŋyúŋ, named for its whirr","people_or_site":"Upper Necaxa Totonac","country_current":"Mexico","historic_region":"Puebla, Necaxa River valley (Patla, Chicontla, Cacahuatlán)","macroregion":"North America / Mexico","local_name":"yuŋyúŋ","source_term":"bullroarer","source_language":"Upper Necaxa Totonac; English","object_description":"A small board swung in circles at the end of a string.","function_summary":"Not recorded.","attestation_type":"lexical_attestation","source_key":"beck2008_upper_necaxa_ideophones","source_type":"academic_language_description","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/529462","page_or_plate":"p. 20, Table 5","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot","coordinate_basis":"Patla, Puebla (INEGI locality 210890006), as the anchor of the Patla–Chicontla language area; the article gives no place of use.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"Swing a small board in circles at the end of a string and, in Upper Necaxa Totonac, it goes yuŋyuŋ. The language is rich in such sound-words, ideophones that paint a noise or a motion in the air, and this one became the instrument's own name: yuŋyúŋ, the bullroarer, set apart from its whirr only by a fixed stress on the final syllable. It is one of very few Totonac words born from an ideophone, spoken in the Necaxa River valley, high in the mountains of northern Puebla.","pull_quote":"the whirring sound created by swinging a small board in circles at the end of a string","pull_quote_translation":"","pull_quote_cite":"David Beck, 'Ideophones, Adverbs, and Predicate Qualification in Upper Necaxa Totonac', IJAL 74 (2008), p. 20.","term_gloss":"yuŋyúŋ: the bullroarer. yuŋyuŋ (no fixed stress): the ideophone for its whirring.","cls":"unknown","class_label":"Function not recorded","color":"#6B7884","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"David Beck, 'Ideophones, Adverbs, and Predicate Qualification in Upper Necaxa Totonac', International Journal of American Linguistics 74(1) (2008): 1–46, p. 20","url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/529462"}],"source_citations":"David Beck, 'Ideophones, Adverbs, and Predicate Qualification in Upper Necaxa Totonac', International Journal of American Linguistics 74(1) (2008): 1–46, p. 20","source_display":"David Beck, 'Ideophones, Adverbs, and Predicate Qualification in Upper Necaxa Totonac', International Journal of American Linguistics 74(1) (2008): 1–46, p. 20","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"A small board swung in circles at the end of a string.","function_display":"Not recorded.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"lexical attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"upper necaxa","display_name":"Yuŋyúŋ, named for its whirr","image":{"full":"assets/objects/MUS2026-082.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/MUS2026-082_thumb.jpg","alt":"Two Seri ironwood bullroarers with their hide cords, Penn Museum 62-33-53.","credit":"Penn Museum (acc. 62-33-53)","license":"Penn Museum — non-commercial / educational use","source_page":"https://www.penn.museum/collections/object/469052","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"A Seri ironwood roarer: two oval blades on a leather thong.","pool_id":"auto-MUS2026-082"},"slug":"beck2008-001-upper-necaxa-totonac"}