{"id":"BASQUEPYR-001","label":"Basque burruna and furrunfarra bullroarer","people_or_site":"Basque children and rural users","country_current":"France / Spain","historic_region":"Basque Country / Alava, Lekeitio, Sara","macroregion":"Europe / Pyrenees","local_name":"burruna / furrunfarra / zurrunbera","source_term":"bullroarer / free aerophone","source_language":"English/French web text; Basque/Spanish source bibliography","object_description":"The burruna is an elongated wooden splint with a rope through one end, producing a deep hoarse sound when spun.","function_summary":"Sound toy and rural animal- or bird-scarer: children in Alava, Sara animal-scarer, and Lekeitio Lent/harvest use to scare sparrows.","attestation_type":"ethnographic_attestation","source_key":"soinuenea_burruna","source_type":"instrument_encyclopedia","source_url":"https://www.soinuenea.eus/en/encyclopedia/burruna/er-88/","page_or_plate":"Soinuenea, Encyclopedia of Basque popular music instruments, Burruna / Bullroarer entry","map_confidence":"medium","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"Lekeitio representative regional anchor for the Soinuenea Lent/harvest furrunfarra note; the same source also gives Sara and Alava terms, so this is not an exact distribution centroid.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"In the Basque village of Lekeitio, children swung a whirring slat of wood called the furrunfarra during Lent and again at harvest, to drive sparrows off the crops. It is the same object recorded across the Basque Country under a scatter of local names: zurrunbera and furrufarra in Álava, where it was a children's toy, and burrun in Sara, on the French side of the Pyrenees, where Barandiaran found it used to scare animals. It is an elongated wooden tablet about eighteen centimetres long, with a cord roughly a metre in length threaded through a hole at one end. Wound up and thrown spinning around the player's head, it gives off the deep, hoarse roar that supplies its onomatopoeic names.","pull_quote":"tanto en la época de Cuaresma como de cosechas, para ahuyentar a los gorriones","pull_quote_translation":"both during Lent and at harvest time, to drive away the sparrows","pull_quote_cite":"Soinuenea Herri Musikaren Txokoa, Encyclopedia of Basque popular music instruments, \"Bramadera (Burruna, furrufarra, zurrunbera)\"","term_gloss":"Basque names for the bullroarer: burruna (general), furrunfarra (Lekeitio), zurrunbera and furrufarra (Álava), burrun (Sara).","cls":"play_practical","class_label":"Play / practical","color":"#24766D","is_candidate":false,"flags":["toy_survival"],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"etymology":"Imitative: burruna, furrunfarra and zurrunbera all echo the instrument's hoarse, rolling roar.","literal_gloss":"onomatopoeic roaring/whirring name","semantic_cluster":"sound; whirr","etymology_confidence":"high","sources":[{"citation":"Soinuenea Herri Musikaren Txokoa, Encyclopedia of Basque popular music instruments, Burruna/Bullroarer page","url":"https://www.soinuenea.eus/en/encyclopedia/burruna/er-88/","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260215225853/https://www.soinuenea.eus/en/encyclopedia/burruna/er-88/"}],"source_citations":"Soinuenea Herri Musikaren Txokoa, Encyclopedia of Basque popular music instruments, Burruna/Bullroarer page","source_display":"Soinuenea Herri Musikaren Txokoa, Encyclopedia of Basque popular music instruments, Burruna/Bullroarer page","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"The burruna is an elongated wooden splint with a rope through one end, producing a deep hoarse sound when spun.","function_display":"Sound toy and rural animal- or bird-scarer: children in Alava, Sara animal-scarer, and Lekeitio Lent/harvest use to scare sparrows.","confidence_display":"medium","attestation_label":"ethnographic attestation","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"basque children","display_name":"Basque burruna and furrunfarra bullroarer","image":{"full":"assets/objects/BASQUEPYR-001.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/BASQUEPYR-001_thumb.jpg","alt":"A light wooden burruna with a broad rectangular blade, a rounded shoulder and cord knotted through a hole at its narrow end; the cord lies in loose coils.","credit":"Soinuenea, via Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Burruna.jpg","rehosted":true,"representative":false,"caption":"Burruna (Basque bullroarer), Soinuenea, Oiartzun.","additional":[{"full":"assets/objects/SERVIER1970-009.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/SERVIER1970-009_thumb.jpg","alt":"Juan Mari Beltrán with his right arm raised during a Basque burruna demonstration, on a road before white houses and green hills.","credit":"Soinuenea, via Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Juan_Mari_Beltran_burruna_jotzen.jpg","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"Juan Mari Beltrán swinging a Basque burruna."}],"also":[{"label":"Servier (1970) plate of the Sare furrunfarra, after the ATP / Barandiarán mission","page":"assets/objects/SERVIER1970-008_furrunfarra_atp.jpg","credit":"Jean Servier, El hombre y lo invisible (1970), after Musee des Arts et Traditions Populaires / Barandiaran mission (ATP 47.27.4)","license":"Rights not stated; low-resolution research-atlas reference"}]},"slug":"basquepyr-001-basque-children-and-rural-users"}