{"id":"ANDERSSON1993-001","label":"Bongo bamboo-midrib bullroarer pair","people_or_site":"Bongo / Babongo","country_current":"Republic of the Congo","historic_region":"Kongo-Brazzaville / French Equatorial Africa (no locality recorded)","macroregion":"Africa / Central Africa","local_name":"","source_term":"vinare / bullroarer","source_language":"Swedish","object_description":"Two bamboo bullroarers. The first is the midrib of a bamboo leaf, 29 cm long, 4 cm high and 3.8 cm wide, with a cord about 120 cm long tied to one end. The second, of bamboo and wood, is 25 cm long, 3 cm high and 3 cm wide.","function_summary":"Sounded at religious ceremonies.","attestation_type":"museum_specimen","source_key":"smvk_1993_06_0210_0211_bongo_vinare","source_type":"museum_collection","source_url":"https://collections.smvk.se/carlotta-em/web/object/1002102","page_or_plate":"SMVK 1993.06.0210; 1993.06.0211","map_confidence":"low","plot_status":"plot_with_caveat","coordinate_basis":"National-level anchor for the Republic of the Congo, the only origin the museum records for either accession. No village, district or subgroup is given, and neither Andersson's mission stations in the Niari-Bouenza country nor the northern forest are inferred as a findspot.","jade_complex_role":"","blurb":"It was swung over the head at religious ceremonies, and a whirring sound rose out of the air. The instrument was nothing more than the midrib of a bamboo leaf, a hand's length of it, with a cord four feet long knotted to one end — that, and the skill of the arm. It came to Stockholm with the collection of Efraim Andersson, a Swedish missionary who spent decades in the Congo forests, and it arrived with a smaller twin the museum measured but never described. Where either was made, and who swung them, is not written on the cards.","pull_quote":"Snöret är fastbundet i ena änden av bambustycket. Vinaren svingas sedan över huvudet och ett vinande ljud uppstår. Används vid religiösa ceremonier.","pull_quote_translation":"The cord is tied fast at one end of the piece of bamboo. The bullroarer is then swung over the head and a whirring sound arises. Used at religious ceremonies.","pull_quote_cite":"Etnografiska museet, Stockholm, catalogue record 1993.06.0210","term_gloss":"vinare: the Swedish museum term for a bullroarer.","cls":"sacred","class_label":"Sacred / spirit","color":"#8A5A2B","is_candidate":false,"flags":[],"f_jade_complex":false,"f_women_taboo":false,"f_women_special":false,"f_snake":false,"sources":[{"citation":"Etnografiska museet, Stockholm (SMVK), 1993.06.0210 and 1993.06.0211 (Bongo, Republic of the Congo; acquired from Ebba Andersson, 1993)","url":"https://collections.smvk.se/carlotta-em/web/object/1002102","archive":"https://web.archive.org/web/20261013133636/https://collections.smvk.se/carlotta-em/web/object/1002102"}],"source_citations":"Etnografiska museet, Stockholm (SMVK), 1993.06.0210 and 1993.06.0211 (Bongo, Republic of the Congo; acquired from Ebba Andersson, 1993)","source_display":"Etnografiska museet, Stockholm (SMVK), 1993.06.0210 and 1993.06.0211 (Bongo, Republic of the Congo; acquired from Ebba Andersson, 1993)","date_citation_display":"","object_display":"Two bamboo bullroarers. The first is the midrib of a bamboo leaf, 29 cm long, 4 cm high and 3.8 cm wide, with a cord about 120 cm long tied to one end. The second, of bamboo and wood, is 25 cm long, 3 cm high and 3 cm wide.","function_display":"Sounded at religious ceremonies.","confidence_display":"low","attestation_label":"museum specimen","etymology_hedge":"","people_key":"bongo","display_name":"Bongo bamboo-midrib bullroarer pair","image":{"full":"assets/objects/LEBEUF1938-001_lebeuf1938-001-mqb-71-1938-46-244-sahara.jpg","thumb":"assets/objects/LEBEUF1938-001_lebeuf1938-001-mqb-71-1938-46-244-sahara_thumb.jpg","alt":"A broad, flat wooden Sahara-Cameroun mission rhombe with cord wrapped around its middle and loose loops at one end.","credit":"© Musée du quai Branly - Jacques Chirac (71.1938.46.244 Em)","license":"Rights reserved (© musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac); rehosted for non-commercial research","source_page":"https://collections.quaibranly.fr/#/objet/391502","rehosted":true,"representative":true,"caption":"a Sahara-Cameroun mission rhombe, 1936–37.","pool_id":"auto-LEBEUF1938-001_lebeuf1938-001-mqb-71-1938-46-244-sahara","auto_assigned":true,"last_modified":"2026-10-02"},"slug":"andersson1993-001-bongo-babongo"}